Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus A (H7N3) in Domestic Poultry, Saskatchewan, Canada, 2007

Epidemiologic, serologic, and molecular phylogenetic methods were used to investigate an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza on a broiler breeding farm in Saskatchewan, Canada. Results, coupled with data from influenza A virus surveillance of migratory waterfowl in Canada, implicated wild birds as the most probable source of the low pathogenicity precursor virus.     

两种MEM培养基制备甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗的效果比较

[目的]比较不同厂家MEM培养基制备甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗的效果。[方法]分别用两个厂家的MEM培养基培养人胚肺二倍体2BS细胞,显微镜下观察细胞生长情况。以美国Hyclone MEM培养基为实验组,同时以日本日水株式会社MEM培养基为对照组,其他原材料相同,制备甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗,并按《中华人民共和国药典》三部（2005版）要求进行全面检定。[结果]显微镜下观察,2BS细胞在2种MEM培养基中的生长情况差异无统计学意义,实验组病毒滴度与对照组病毒滴度比较,差异无统计学意义;其余检定指标均符合《中华人民共和国药典》三部（2005版）要求。[结论]美国Hyclone MEM培养基可以替代日本日水MEM培养基,用于甲肝疫苗的规模化生产,显著降低生产成本。     

酪酸梭菌二联活菌散及胶囊的加速稳定性试验

采用热稳定性试验,以活菌计数法测定活菌数为考察指标,确定酪酸梭菌二联活菌散及胶囊(常乐康)的贮存有效期,试验结果表明酪酸梭菌二联活菌散及胶囊(常乐康)在2～8℃储存,有效期为24个月,室温储存,有效期为6个月。     

Evaluation of Salmonella live vaccines with chromosomal expression cassettes for translocated fusion proteins

Salmonella enterica is a versatile live carrier for the presentation of recombinant vaccine antigens. Fusion proteins of a type III secretion system effector and heterologous vaccine antigens can be translocated by live attenuated Salmonella strains and mediate protective immunity against infections. Here we investigated the use expression cassettes for translocated fusion protein consisting of effector SseF and antigens of Listeria monocytogenes after stable integration into the Salmonella chromosome. The efficacy of chromosomal expression cassettes was compared to plasmid-based expression cassettes. Our data indicate that live Salmonella vaccines with chromosomal expression cassettes for translocated fusion proteins, although only present in single copy, efficiently stimulate immune responses.     

Comparative studies of local antibody and cellular immune responses to influenza infection and vaccination with live attenuated reassortant influenza vaccine (LAIV) utilizing a mouse nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) separation method

The first and most significant barrier against influenza infection is the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue of the upper airways and rodent nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) is considered equivalent to the lymphoid tissue of human Valdryer's ring. This study is the first attempt to analyze and compare local and systemic cellular and antibody immune responses in NALT and spleen in a mouse model of experimental influenza infection and intranasal vaccination with LAIV (live attenuated reassortant influenza vaccine). It was shown that the vaccine strain completely inherited the ability to induce high-grade local antibody responses (secretory IgA + IgG + IgM), local cellular lymphoproliferative activity, CD4⁺, CD8⁺ and CD19⁺ lymphocyte and cytokine production responses from the virulent parental strain but it had less capacity to stimulate production of serum IgG, accumulation of CD8⁺ cells and IFN-γ production in the spleen. Primary non-complicated influenza infection and primary vaccination were accompanied by a short-term (24 h) increase in the levels of lymphocyte apoptosis in both NALT and spleen. However, experimental data indicated that vaccination with LAIV and uncomplicated forms of influenza infection did not influence immune system apoptosis following a secondary immune response.     

抚触联合金双歧治疗母乳性黄疸的疗效观察

目的观察抚触联合金双歧治疗母乳性黄疸的疗效。方法124例母乳性黄疸随机分组,对照组给予菌栀黄口服液及酶诱导剂口服,治疗组给予金双歧口服及抚触护理。结果治疗组与对照组在治疗黄疸消退方面的疗效无显著差异,在体重增长方面有显著差异。结论金双歧口服联合抚触护理治疗母乳性黄疸,安全有效,除能明显降低血清胆红素水平,缩短治疗时间外,尚能促进生长发育,值得推广使用。     

轮状病毒疫苗的研究现状及进展

轮状病毒是全球范围内引起婴幼儿腹泻的主要病原体,接种轮状病毒疫苗为目前最经济、有效的预防手段,很大程度上缓解了轮状病毒导致的疾病负担,但目前上市疫苗均为减毒活疫苗,存在毒力回复以及肠道不良反应等风险。因此,优化的传统活疫苗、灭活疫苗以及病毒样颗粒等亚单位疫苗成为潜在的候选疫苗,以提高轮状病毒疫苗的安全性和有效性。此文总结了市面上主要轮状病毒疫苗的应用现状以及进入临床试验新疫苗的研究情况,为后续的疫苗开发奠定基础。     

IVM is an alternative for patients with PCO after failed conventional IVF attempt

Purpose  

To determine if IVM of oocytes from unstimulated cycle is a treatment option for patients who did not deliver after standard IVF-ET.     

Human Infection with Influenza Virus A(H10N8) from Live Poultry Markets,China, 2014

Human infection with avian influenza virus A(H10N8) was initially reported in China in December 2013. We characterized H10N8 strains from a human patient and from poultry in live markets that infected persons had visited. Results of genome sequencing and virus characterization suggest that the virus strains that infected humans originated from these markets.     

儿童普及接种甲肝疫苗对人群甲肝抗体水平的影响

目的　研究儿童中普及接种甲肝活疫苗后 ,对人群甲肝总抗体水平的影响。方法　选择浙江省台州市椒江城区 ,按不同年龄分成 7组 ,分别于 1991年疫苗接种前及 2 0 0 0年儿童普及接种疫苗后 9年 ,检测正常人群 72 0名和 80 3名甲肝总抗体。血清检测法ELISA。结果　疫苗接种后人群总抗体阳性率有显著的提高。青少年及儿童 ( 18岁以下 )抗体阳性率由接种前的 2 9 84%提高到接种后的 6 4 15 % (P <0 0 1)。成人组( 2 5～ 35岁 )抗体阳性率从 78 9%到 84 5 % ,没有显著差别 (P >0 0 5 ) ,但未见有下降趋势。结论　儿童普及接种甲肝活疫苗后显著地提高了人群的总抗体水平 ,同时没有发现疫苗接种后易感人群的后移