镉对未成年雌性小鼠子宫增重作用的剂量-效应关系

目的通过研究镉对未成年小鼠子宫增重作用的剂量-效应关系,为探讨镉的雌激素样活性提供实验依据。方法将64只未成年雌性昆明种小鼠按体重分层,随机分为8组(阴性对照组,雌二醇阳性对照组和1.25、5、20、80、320、1 280μg/kg氯化镉剂量组),采用腹腔注射染毒方法,每天注射1次,注射容积为0.25 ml/10(g.d),连续注射3 d,最后1次腹腔注射24 h后称重,颈椎脱臼处死小鼠,取子宫称重。结果各染镉剂量组子宫增重与阴性对照组比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05),雌二醇阳性对照组子宫增重显著(P<0.05),实验中各染镉剂量与子宫脏器系数之间无剂量-效应关系。结论在该实验镉剂量范围内,未检测到镉对未成年雌性小鼠子宫有增重作用。     

红葱抗稻瘟霉活性成分研究

目的阐明红葱抗稻瘟霉活性的物质基础.方法利用稻瘟霉筛选体系对红葱的60%(φ)乙醇提取物及其氯仿、正丁醇和水的萃取部分进行活性筛选,并对活性部位的化学成分进行分离鉴定.结果与结论从活性部位中分离得到10个化合物,通过理化性质和波谱数据鉴定它们的结构分别为:异红葱甲素(1)、异红葱乙素(2)、红葱乙素(3)、β-谷甾醇(4)、8-羟基-3,4-二甲氧基-1-甲基-蒽醌-2-羧酸甲酯(5)、4-羟基红葱乙素(6)、hongconin(7)、4,8-二羟基-3-甲氧基-1-甲基-蒽醌-2-羧酸甲酯(8)、dihydro-eleutherinol(9)、1,3,6-三羟基-8-甲基蒽醌(10).其中,9和10为首次从该属植物中分得.化合物2、3、5、6、7、9、10具有较好的诱导稻瘟霉菌丝变形的活性,它们的最小变形浓度(minimummorphologicaldeformationconcentrate,MMDC)分别为30、30、170、130、55、60、150μmol·L-1.用MTT法测定10个化合物的抗肿瘤活性,发现化合物2、3、5、6、7、9有较强的抑制人类红白血病细胞株K562细胞生长的活性,它们的IC50值分别为33、49、266、35、174、154μmol·L-1.     

鹅掌藤中三萜类化合物的分离与鉴定

目的研究五加科鹅掌柴属植物鹅掌藤(Schefflera arboricola)枝茎的化学成分.方法采用柱色谱分离,通过理化数据和光谱分析确定化合物的结构.结果从鹅掌藤乙酸乙酯提取物中分离得到7个三萜化合物,分别鉴定为羽扇醇(1)、桦木酸(2)、3-epi-betulinic acid(3)、齐墩果酸(4)、3-乙酰齐墩果酸(5)、mesembryanthemoidigenic acid(6)、quinatic acid(7).结论化合物1、5、6、7为首次从该属植物中分得.     

金钱草的化学成分研究

目的研究金钱草的化学成分.方法利用色谱手段分离化学成分,用理化常数和波谱技术鉴定结构.结果分离鉴定了7个化合物:山萘酚(1)、山萘酚3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2)、山萘酚3-O-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)、山萘酚3-O-α-L-鼠李糖(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、槲皮素(5)、β-谷甾醇(6)、胡萝卜苷(7).结论化合物4为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物7为首次从该种植物中分离得到.     

Pentamer peptide from Fas antigen ligand inhibits tumor‐growth with solid‐bound form found by peptide array

Abstract: Despite their low molecular weight and simple structure, peptides regulate vital reactions of various cells. With higher standards of safety and purity required in clinical researches, chemically synthesized peptides are considered as an ideal alternative material for animal‐derived materials in the regulation of cellular events. However, effective high‐throughput assay for studying peptide‐cell interactions has not been established to design peptide with objective function. Here, we report the effectiveness of the utilization of peptide array combined with cell assay for the design of cell‐interactive peptides. As a model case, peptide that regulates tumor cell viability with support‐bound form was explored. By culturing cells on peptide array, we found a novel 5‐mer sequence CNNLP (Cys‐Asp‐Asp‐Leu‐Pro) that strongly inhibits viability of tumor cells (leukemia and adenocarcinoma) from human Fas antigen ligand. We here indicate the advantageous features of peptide array, which are ‘feasibility in examining combinatorial amino acid substitutions’ and ‘indicative data consist of effective and ineffective substitutions from an assay’, contributes greatly for studying peptide‐cell interaction. These features differentiate peptide array from other peptide library screening strategy. As a result, we succeeded in obtaining 29 novel tumor‐growth inhibitory peptides with it solid‐bound form, and structural rules that suggest ideal peptide design for acquiring objective peptide function.     

杂交贝母生物碱成分的研究

目的 :对杂交贝母进行化学成分研究。方法 :采用IR ,¹H NMR ,¹³ C-NMR ,2D-NMR ,MS及与对照品和文献对照等方法鉴定结构。结果 :分离并鉴定了 7个化合物 :湖贝乙素 (hupehenirine ,ZF1) ;湖贝嗪 (hupehenizine ,ZF2 ) ;浙贝乙素 (peiminine ,verticinone ,ZF3) ;湖贝甲素 (hupehenine ,ZF4 )、异浙贝甲素 (isoverticinone ,ZF5 )、浙贝甲素(peimine ,verticine ,ZF6 )、湖贝甲素苷 (hupeheninoside,ZF7) ;结论 :化合物 1～ 7均为首次从杂交贝母中得到。     

地蚕化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的:对地蚕(Stachys geobombycis C.Y.Wu var.geobombycis)进行化学成分研究.方法:采用多种色谱和光谱学方法进行成分分离和结构鉴定.结果:初步分离得到4个黄酮类和2个三萜类化合物,分别鉴定为:黄芩素(5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone,baicalein)(1),千层纸素A(5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone,oroxylinA)(2),汉黄芩素(5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone,wogonin)(3),黄芩苷(baicalin)(4),齐墩果酸(oleanolic acid)(5)和常春藤苷元(hederagenin)(6).结论:以上化合物均首次从本植物中分离得到.     

骨质疏松与腰椎管狭窄症的相关性分析

比较性的探讨骨质疏松症与腰椎管狭窄症的相关性.用骨密度仪对28例腰椎管狭窄症患者及20例无腰椎管狭窄症者进行检测,并进行影像学分析.结果显示两组间骨质疏松的发生率有显著差异(P＜0.05),腰椎管狭窄症患者骨质疏松的发生率高于正常人.表明骨质疏松与腰椎管狭窄症有密切的相关性.     

Trauma centre patient volume and inpatient mortality risk reconsidered

BackgroundSeveral studies have examined the relationship between injury volumes and trauma centre outcomes, with varying results attributable to differences in the measurement of volume's effect on mortality and differences in how characteristics are addressed as potential confounders.MethodsThis analysis includes all trauma cases reported to the NTDB 2012. The effect of trauma centre volume on patient mortality risk was measured in three different contexts: as a linear function of trauma centre volume, as a dichotomous function comparing patients in trauma centres with and without 1200 or more cases, and as a non-linear function of trauma centre volume. Multivariable weighted Hierarchical Generalized Linear Models were used to account for the combined effects of facility level and patient level covariates. Patient level mortality risk was assessed using the ACS Trauma Quality Improvement Programme methodology.ResultsTrauma centre volume was not a statistically significant predictor (at the α = 0.01 level) of patient mortality risk, in any of the three models. Comprehensive adjustments for patient level risk were obtained, with excellent discrimination between survivor and decedent cases. The addition of trauma volume to baseline patient mortality risk yielded no improvement in the accuracy of any model. These results were not sensitive to the inclusion of Level II trauma centres. Equivalent results were obtained by repeating the analysis for the Level I subpopulation only.ConclusionsCase volume may be a reasonable standard for determining whether adequate numbers of injured patients are available to support training needs and experience requirements of a Level I trauma centre. However, case volume is not a useful predictor of patient mortality in individual facilities. Trauma centre volume has no independent effect, after accounting for the patient level characteristics that predominantly influence mortality.