口服避孕药与宫腔内放置左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统治疗子宫内膜息肉术后复发的临床研究

目的 探讨子宫内膜息肉行宫腔镜手术后口服避孕药和宫腔内放置左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统（曼月乐）对预防术后复发的疗效.方法 选择行宫腔镜子宫内膜息肉切除术的患者174例,由患者知情并选择术后处理方式.51例在术后1个月开始服用避孕药12个月（避孕药组）,60例在术后1个月于宫腔内放置曼月乐（曼月乐组）,63例不进行任何预防复发处理（对照组）.术后随访3,6,12个月,并比较三组复发率、月经量、血红蛋白和不良反应的情况.结果 避孕药组复发率为3.9％（2/51）,曼月乐组为3.3％（2/60）,对照组为19.0％（12/63）,对照组的子宫内膜息肉复发率明显高于避孕药组和曼月乐组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.对照组术后3,6,12个月月经量少的构成比明显低于避孕药组和曼月乐组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.术后12个月对照组的血红蛋白明显低于避孕药组和曼月乐组[（124.55 ±9.33） g/L比（133.71±11.03）,（135.89±6.88） g/L],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.曼月乐组不良反应发生率为18.3％（11/60）,明显少于避孕药组的35.3％（18/51）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 宫腔镜术后可以用口服避孕药或于宫腔内放置曼月乐来降低子宫内膜息肉复发率,曼月乐不良反应发生率更低,是治疗和预防子宫内膜息肉安全而有效的方法.     

曼月乐治疗子宫腺肌症的临床疗效研究

目的 分析左炔诺孕酮宫内节育系统(商品名:曼月乐)治疗子宫腺肌症的临床疗效.方法 80例子宫腺肌症患者,随机分为研究组和对比组,每组40例.研究组患者采用曼月乐环宫腔内放置治疗,对比组患者采用口服米非司酮治疗.对比两组患者治疗效果、复发率及治疗前后痛经评分、经血量及子宫内膜厚度.结果 研究组治疗总有效率90.00％高于...     

重度子宫内膜异位症术后左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统联合GnRH-a辅助治疗效果

目的:探讨左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统(LNG-IUS)联合促性腺激素释放激素类似物(GnRH-a)辅助手术治疗重度子宫内膜异位证(EMT)临床疗效及对卵巢功能的影响。方法:选择2018年1-12月手术治疗的重度EMT患者100例,随机分为观察组与对照组各50例,均行腹腔镜手术,术后对照组给予GnRH-a治疗,观察组给予LNG-IUS联合GnRH-a治疗,比较两组术前、术后6个月和12个月时临床效果及性激素、卵巢储备功能水平。结果:两组痛经、性交疼评分及血清CA125水平治疗后均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),观察组术后12个月痛经评分(1.66±1.09分)低于术后6个月(2.06±1.33分),且低于同期对照组(2.04±1.23分),术后12个月血清CA125水平(9.82±1.84 mg/L)低于术后6个月(12.42±2.62 mg/L)(均P<0.05)。两组术后血清促卵泡刺激激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)及雌二醇(E2)水平较术前下降,但观察组血清E2水平高于对照组(均P<0.05);③两组术后卵巢窦状卵泡数(F0)及卵巢基质动脉血流收缩期峰值(PSV)均较术前降低,但术后12个月较术后6个月增高(P<0.05),两组间未见差异(P>0.05)。结论:LNG-IUS联合GnRH-a辅助手术治疗重度EMT有助于提高治疗效果,改善性激素水平,且不影响卵巢储备功能恢复。     

Ovarian activity and safety of a novel levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol continuous oral contraceptive regimen

Background

A continuous regimen of oral levonorgestrel (LNG) 90 mcg/ethinyl estradiol (EE) 20 mcg was evaluated for inhibition of ovulation, time to return to ovulation after stopping treatment and safety.

Study Design

This open-label study was conducted in healthy women aged 18-35 years. Ovulation was documented before treatment, and then participants received oral tablets containing LNG 90 mcg/EE 20 mcg to be taken continuously for three 28-day intervals. Ovarian activity was assessed three times per week during the treatment period with transvaginal ultrasound scans and measurements of serum 17β-estradiol, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone concentrations. Safety assessments included physical examinations, laboratory evaluations and adverse event records.

Results

Thirty-seven of the 58 subjects who received treatment met predefined criteria for efficacy analysis. No on-treatment ovulations occurred in the efficacy or intent-to-treat population. There was evidence of ovulation within 37 days of stopping treatment for 46 (98%) of 47 subjects evaluated posttreatment. The final subject with a history of polycystic ovarian syndrome ovulated by Day 66. The safety profile observed during this 84-day continuous regimen was similar to that seen with other low-dose oral contraceptives administered in a cyclic regimen.

Conclusions

The continuous LNG/EE regimen completely inhibited ovulation, with little evidence of follicular development and with rapid return of ovulatory capacity after stopping treatment.     

Hormonal evaluation and midcycle detection of intrauterine glycodelin in women treated with levonorgestrel as in emergency contraception

Background

The study was conducted to assess the effects of levonorgestrel (LNG) on hormonal behavior and on the secretory pattern of intrauterine glycodelin at the midcycle of ovulatory women.

Study Design

Thirty healthy sterilized women with normal ovarian function were studied during one control untreated cycle and one LNG-treated cycle. In the treated cycle, each woman received two doses of 0.75 mg of LNG 12 h apart during the preovulatory phase approximately 2 days before the LH surge. Daily follicle development recordings were performed until follicle rupture was observed, and serum glycodelin, LH, estradiol, estrone and progesterone were measured as well. In addition, glycodelin concentrations were assayed in uterine flushing obtained on Days LH+1 and LH+12.

Results

LNG did not modify follicle rupture in 20 of 30 women. In spite of ovulatory progesterone and the occurrence of follicle rupture in these women, luteal phase length was significantly decreased, as well as the serum concentrations of LH, estradiol and estrone in the periovulatory phase. Glycodelin in serum and uterine flushings was significantly elevated in the periovulatory phase when compared to control cycles.

Conclusions

LNG taken at the dose used in emergency contraception before the LH surge increased prematurely serum and intrauterine concentrations of glycodelin at the time of ovulation. Since there are well established glycodelin inhibitory effects upon fertilization, these results may represent an additional action of LNG in situations where the intervention did not interfere with ovulation.     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术后放置左炔诺孕酮宫内节育器的临床观察

目的:探讨卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术后宫腔放置左炔诺孕酮宫内节育器(LNG-IUS)的临床疗效。方法:选择2006年6月~2008年4月在该院施行卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术的患者,31例为术后放置LNG-IUS(LNG-IUS组),30例为术后口服孕三烯酮(对照组),比较术前VAS3分者治疗后VAS的评分变化及观察复发情况等。结果:LNG-IUS组平均VAS评分由术前的(6.45±0.47)分分别降至治疗3个月及6个月后的(1.65±0.36)分和(1.85±0.48)分,治疗3个月和6个月与术前VAS评分比较有统计学差异(P0.01),但与孕三烯酮组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.611,P=0.462);治疗1年LNG-IUS组与对照组中重度痛经的发生率分别为12.90%(4/31)和30.00%(9/30),两组复发率分别为19.35%(6/31)和33.33%(10/30),中重度痛经的发生率和复发率两组比较无统计学差异(P=0.623,P=0.255)。愿意继续接受治疗的LNG-IUS组(87.10%)明显高于对照组(46.67%),差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:LNG-IUS可有效缓解卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的相关疼痛,有较好的依从性,可作为内异症保守性手术后预防或延缓复发的辅助性治疗方法。     

A pilot study of levonorgestrel concentrations and bleeding patterns in women with epilepsy using a levonorgestrel IUD and treated with antiepileptic drugs

Objectives

We explored levonorgestrel (LNG) concentrations, bleeding patterns and endometrial thickness in women with epilepsy (WWE) initiating an LNG-intrauterine device (IUD) co-administered with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).

Lipid profile in women over 35 years old using triphasic combined oral contraceptives

Twenty-nine women aged 35 years old or more, using triphasic combined oral contraceptive (COC) were evaluated during six cycles for the following parameters: total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and its subfraction HDL2, triglycerides, apoproteins A and B, Castelli risk index I and II (cholesterol/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C) and apoprotein ratio (apoprotein B/apoprotein A). The same laboratory measurements were done in a control group of 49 non-COC-user women. The results showed that there were no differences on most of the studied parameters between user and nonuser women. There was a significant reduction of HDL-C and HDL2-C, although within the normal range. In addition, it was observed a significant increment of triglycerides and apoprotein B at 6 months of follow-up only in user group (p < 0.05), although within the normal range. It is concluded that the use of levonorgestrel triphasic COC appeared to have no additional adverse impact when used by women aged over 35 years. Further studies are needed to obtain conclusive data.