用DNAG C含量和DNA同源性测定法鉴定米克戴德军团菌

本文采用热变性温度法和液相复性速率法对—轻型特征及血清学反应相似米克戴德军团菌(Lm)的菌株进行了测定,结果表明该菌与标准Lm(C DC株)的DNA G Cmol％相差3.45％,与标准Lm(C DC株)的DNA同源性达81.99％,根据伯杰细菌鉴定手册(1984),可判定该菌株与标准Lm(C DC株)为遗传型一致的类群,即从遗传学角度证明该菌为Lm。     

上海地区学生午餐营养及供应链状况研究

目的 了解上海地区学生午餐营养及供应链状况，为改善学生午餐营养状况，保障食品供应安全提供参考。方法 分析上海市学生午餐的营养、卫生、供应链、加工工艺等状况，采用定期抽检的方法，应用SNHAS对营养素、食品安全、感官进行综合评价。结果 各单位样本综合评价均合格，其中热量、蛋白质、脂肪均能达到或超过DRIs供给量的要求，但矿物质中Ca(仅为AI的32％)、视黄醇当量(仅为AI的57％)供给量较低。对供应链及卫生状况的分析表明，大型企业对各个环节控制严格，产品质量较好，但也存在保存时间过长等问题。结论 应进一步完善供应体系，建立高效的质量控制体系，推广营养配膳系统。     

Quantifying the blood oxygenation level dependent effect in cerebral blood volume-weighted functional MRI at 9.4T.

In cerebral blood volume (CBV)-weighted functional MRI (fMRI) employing superparamagnetic contrast agent, iron dose and blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contamination are two important issues for experimental design and CBV quantification. Both BOLD and CBV-weighted fMRI are based upon the susceptibility effect, to which spin-echo and gradient-echo sequences have different sensitivities. In the present study, CBV-weighted fMRI was conducted using spin-echo and gradient-echo sequences at 9.4T by systematically changing the doses of contrast agent. Results suggest that BOLD contamination is a significant component in CBV-weighted fMRI at high field, particularly when relatively low dose of contrast agent is administered. A mathematical model was developed to quantify the extravascular (EV) BOLD effect. With a TE of 35 ms, the EV BOLD effect was estimated to account for 76+/-12% of the observed spin-echo fMRI signal at 9.4T. These data suggest that correcting BOLD effect may be necessary for accurately quantifying activation-induced CBV changes at high field.     

生物制品GMP认证检查的几点体会

本文从生物制品的特点、生物制品对厂房设备的特殊要求、GMP验证和人员素质几个方面。阐述了对生物制品实施GMP认证检查的感想和体会。     

Endotoxin transfer through dialysis membranes: small- versus large-pore membranes.

In this in-vivo study, dialysate and serum endotoxin was evaluated before and after haemodialysis with small-pore (PS400) and large-pore (PS600) polysulphone dialysers, and before and after haemodiafiltration with the PS600 filter. The source of the endotoxin was the presence in dialysate of Pseudomonads at a concentration of 10(3)-10(4) CFU/ml. Endotoxin was measured by a modified chromogenic limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay. In spite of dialysate endotoxin concentrations greater than 100 pg/ml, no changes in pre- versus posttreatment LAL reactivity were observed in PS400 dialysis and PS600 haemodiafiltration. In contrast, PS600 haemodialysis was related to an increase in serum LAL reactivity from 1.3 +/- 1.5 to 3.8 +/- 2.0 pg/ml (n = 15, P less than 0.01), and five patients (33.3%) showed a post-dialysis value in excess of 5 pg/ml. Our data are consistent with the absence of in-vivo endotoxin transfer during haemodialysis with small-pore dialyser membranes, and during haemodiafiltration with membranes with larger pores. An increase in LAL reactivity during haemodialysis with membranes with larger pores is, however, present, presumably due to the occurrence of backdiffusion/filtration with that specific strategy.     

中央空调冷却塔水中嗜肺军团菌的调查

目的：了解医院、宾馆空调冷却塔水中军团菌污染情况。方法：于2001年8月采集W市2家宾馆和4家医院的中央空调冷却塔水样，过滤空调冷却水的滤膜经盐酸处理后其处理液接种于GVPC平板，烛缸培养后选取可疑菌落进行生化试验、血清学试验并以PCR方法鉴定。结果：W市2家医院及1家星级宾馆的中央空调冷却塔水中分离到5株军团菌，2株为嗜肺军团菌血清1型（Lp1），2株为嗜肺军团菌血清5型（Lp5）。结论：应加强对医院、宾馆空调冷却塔水中军团菌的监测。     

江油市粮食中霉菌污染调查

对江油市胡豆，黄豆，玉米，大米，麦子，碗豆共３７５件样品进行霉菌污染调查。调查表明：粮食中霉菌平均侵染率８７．８％，其中黄豆，碗豆污染较轻，其侵浸率明显低于小麦，大米，胡豆。胡豆，碗豆，黄豆以曲霉菌属为主；小麦以交链孢霉为主，大米以青霉菌属为主；玉米以预     

Cytogenetic damage in operation theatre personnel

The study in a group of 24 (11 anaesthetists and 13 support staff) was planned to ascertain the cytogenetic risk in a group of theatre personnel who worked in various city hospitals. Their exposure in terms of duration of service vary from 3-30 years. The control group (n = 24) consisted of people with different occupations matched for possible confounding variables. Cytogenetic risk was assessed in terms of chromosome aberration and sister chromatid exchange in 72-hour lymphocyte cultures. A significant increase in the percentage of chromosome aberration was observed. The sister chromatid exchange was double that of the baseline value in 20% of the exposed individuals. These findings indicate the possible risk of cytogenetic damage for staff working in unscavenged rooms.     

Clinical significance of intraoperative cultures of aneurysm walls and contents in elective abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy

To investigate the clinical significance of intraoperative cultures in elective abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy, we cultured the aneuryrymml wall and contents in 90 patients undergoing vascular graft surgery. Prosthetic graft infection was documented in 1 out of 62 patients with negative cultures and in none of 28 patients with positive cultures (x² = 0.4, p > 0.1). Bacterial growth was seen in neither of 2 inflammatory aneurysms, 3 of 14 atherosclerotic aneurysms and 2 of 5 aneurysms without specific features. A retrospective analysis of patients' charts aimed at finding possible risk factors failed to identify any correlation between results of cultures and length of hospitalization before surgery, time interval between angiography and surgery, route of angiography procedure or minutes of surgery before sample collection. We conclude that positive cultures may not imply clinical infection at the time of surgery and that prolonged post-operative organism-specific antibiotic therapy does not appear necessary to prevent graft contamination in patients undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy.