A bite by the Twin-Barred Tree Snake,Chrysopelea pelias (Linnaeus, 1758)

Introduction.?The Twin-Barred Tree Snake, Chrysopelea pelias, is a colubrine that, like other members of the genus Chrysopelea, is able to glide in the arboreal strata. Little is known about the effects of its bite. This report is the first clinically documented bite by this relatively uncommon rear-fanged species.?Case report.?The patient was a 19-year-old female who arrived at the Emergency Department (ED) of an urban teaching hospital 6 h after being bitten by a snake that was later provisionally identified as a C. pelias. Noted on presentation were bite marks on the right middle toe with minimal inflammation and tenderness. There was slight numbness over the dorsum of the right foot and discomforting sensation radiating up the thigh that persisted for several days. There was mild pyrexia, but no evidence of any systemic effects. The full blood count did show neutrophil leucocytosis, and transient hemoglobinuria was noted in an initial urine analysis. Discussion?.?The properties of Duvernoy's secretion of C. pelias remain uncharacterized. In this case, the clinical course featured only the local effects noted above. However, the significant local pain reported by the patient suggests that bites by C. pelias are not necessarily trivial and do require full evaluation and observation in a medical facility. Discussed also is the importance of the establishment of a national registry for animal bites and stings in Malaysia.?Conclusion.?Such a facility could expedite safe and appropriate management of envenomed patients.     

急诊科护士主观幸福感及影响因素研究

目的：分析急诊科护士主观幸福感特征,探讨影响主观幸福感的相关因素。方法选择西安交通大学第二附属医院急诊科护士217名为调查对象,采用Compbell幸福感指数量表评价其主观幸福感。分析性别、年龄、学历、工作时间和工作职称对主观幸福感的影响。使用SPSS 19.0统计学软件进行数据统计及分析。结果单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄、性别、学历、工作时间以及工作职称的护士主观幸福感得分差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素 Logistic 分析发现,年龄（OR=1.424,P <0.05）、性别（OR=1.354,P <0.05）、学历（OR=1.299,P <0.05）、工作时间（OR=1.301,P<0.05）以及工作职称（OR=1.227,P<0.05）均是护士主观幸福感的影响因素。结论护士主观幸福感受多因素影响,应针对原因采取相应措施提高护士主观幸福感。     

急诊内科昏迷患者的紧急抢救及临床护理干预分析研究

目的探讨急诊内科昏迷患者的紧急抢救及临床护理干预措施。方法选择我院2018年6月～2019年6月收治的218例患者随机分为观察组(n=109)和对照组(n=109)。两组均给予紧急抢救,对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组给予综合护理干预。观察比较两组抢救成功率、病死率、住院时间及护理满意度情况。结果观察组抢救成功96例,抢救成功率88.07%;对照组抢救成功101例,抢救成功率92.66%;两组分别有13例(11.93%)和8例(7.34%)患者抢救无效死亡。两组患者抢救成功率比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.317,P=0.251)。观察组住院时间(18.57±2.34)d,明显低于对照组的(22.15±2.89)d(t=-10.051,P=0.000);观察组护理非常满意48例(44.04%)、基本满意57例(52.29%)、不满意4例(3.67%),整体护理情况优于对照组(Z=-2.453,P=0.014);观察组护理满意度为96.33%,明显高于对照组的80.73%(χ~2=13.057,P=0.000)。结论对急诊内科昏迷患者,在紧急抢救的同时,应给予相关综合临床护理干预,医护密切配合,有效提高患者抢救成功率及护理满意度,改善患者预后。     

手缺损的重建

手是人类创造文明的重要器官,手缺损的重建一直是临床医学的一大难题。美容假手仅有装饰用途,工具手、Kruckenberg前臂分叉成形术因作用有限,现已少用。肌电假手为义肢市场主流产品,但其动作准确性有待提高;显微外科再造手有感觉功能,可代偿部分手功能,但外形欠佳。前臂残端移植一个足趾即再造手指控制的电子假手,使动作准确度提高,是现阶段一项较为理想、值得推广应用的新技术。近年来开展的同种异体手移植已成功报道10余例,由于免疫排斥反应需长期服用免疫抑制剂,尚不宜作为常规手术推广,但一旦有效解决移植免疫问题,相信异体手移植将是手缺损重建的最佳方法。     

持续性正加速度致意识丧失的机理及其监测

正在加速度引起的意识丧失（Ｇ－ＬＯＣ）是当胶威胁飞行安全的主要因素。综述了Ｇ＿ＬＯＣ的机理及其生理监测,慢增长率正加速度导致的意识丧失的机理主要大脑缺血／缺氧;快增长率正加速度导致物意识丧失可能与颅内高应力有关,但缺直接的实验证据。用于Ｇ－ＬＯＣ监测的生理指标中,眼水平动脉血压、脑氧饱和度等可能具有重要作用。     

Trends in the surgical treatment for spinal metastasis and the in-hospital patient outcomes in the United States from 2000 to 2009

Background contextSurgical treatment for spinal metastasis is still controversial. However, with the improvements in treatment for primary tumors, the survival rate of patients with spinal metastasis is enhanced. At the same time, surgical technique for spinal metastasis has also improved.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine trends in the surgical treatment for spinal metastasis and in-hospital patient outcomes on a national level.Study design/settingThis was an epidemiologic study using national administrative data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.Patient sampleAll discharges in the NIS with a diagnosis code of secondary malignant neoplasm of the spinal cord/brain, meninges, or bone who also underwent spinal surgery from 2000 to 2009 were included.Outcome measuresTrends in the surgical treatment for spinal metastasis, in-hospital complications and mortality, and resource use were analyzed.MethodsThe NIS was used to identify patients who underwent surgical treatment for spinal metastasis from 2000 to 2009, using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth revision, Clinical Modification codes. Trends in the surgical treatment for spinal metastasis and in-hospital patient outcomes were analyzed.ResultsFrom 2000 to 2009, there was an increasing trend in the population growth–adjusted rate of surgical treatment for spinal metastasis (1.15–1.77 per 100,000; p<.001). Average Elixhauser comorbidity score increased over time (2.6–3.8; p<.001), and the overall in-hospital complication rate increased over time (14.8%–27.7%; p<.001), whereas in-hospital mortality rate and length of hospital stay remained stable over time (5.2%–4.6%, p=.413; 10.6–10.8 days, p=.626). Inflation-adjusted mean hospital charges increased more than two-fold over time ($50,390–$110,173; p<.001).ConclusionsDuring the last decade, surgical treatment for spinal metastasis has increased in the United States. The overall in-hospital complication rate and hospital charges increased, whereas the in-hospital mortality rate and length of hospital stay remained stable.     

Outcomes of liver transplantation for Alagille syndrome after Kasai portoenterostomy: Alagille Syndrome with agenesis of extrahepatic bile ducts at porta hepatis

BackgroundAlagille syndrome (ALGS) is an autosomal dominant disorder, characterized by a paucity of intrahepatic bile ducts, resulting in significant cholestasis, and peculiar extrahepatic features. Some ALGS patients show a considerable overlap with biliary atresia (BA), and they can undergo Kasai procedure. The purpose of this study is to show the manifestations of BA overlapped ALGS cases in our institution, and to compare the outcomes of ALGS patients following liver transplantation (LT) between those who previously underwent Kasai surgery (ALGS-Kasai group) and those who did not (ALGS-non-Kasai group).MethodsMedical records of ALGS patients who underwent LT in Kyoto University Hospital, Japan from January 1992 to March 2018 were analyzed. ALGS diagnosis was determined according to physical, radiologic, and histopathological findings.ResultsThirty-one patients were ascertained (ALGS-Kasai: 4 males and 5 females vs. ALGS-non-Kasai: 14 males and 8 females, p = 0.43). Of 31 ALGS patients, 96.8% of children had pulmonary artery stenosis, 54.8% showed facial features, 29% revealed skeletal anomalies and 9.7% demonstrated ocular anomalies. The age at LT was significantly younger in ALGS-Kasai than ALGS-non-Kasai group (1.47 [interquartile range (IQR), 0.75–1.92] vs. 5.1 [IQR, 1.4–9.29] years; p = 0.038). Overall patient survival did not significantly differ between ALGS-Kasai (88.9%) and ALGS-non-Kasai patients (86.4%) (p = 0.84). Furthermore, the 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year patient survival rates for ALGS-Kasai group were 100%, 88.9%, and 88.9%, respectively, whereas those for ALGS-non-Kasai group were 90.9%, 90.9%, and 86.4%, respectively, with p-values of 0.36, 0.90, and 0.84, respectively.ConclusionsBA overlapped ALGS cases had neonatal progressive cholestasis which prompted Kasai procedure, and early liver dysfunction after Kasai led to performing LT. The ALGS-Kasai patients undergo LT at earlier ages than the ALGS-non-Kasai patients, however, overall patients' survival rates are similar between groups. Overall ALGS patients' survival rate after LT is considered high.Levels of EvidenceLevel III; Case–control study or Retrospective comparative study.