天麻素对缺血再灌注神经细胞膜的保护作用

用新生Wistar大鼠大脑皮层进行神经细胞培养 ,将培养 8d的神经细胞置于模拟“缺血”状态下 ,5h后神经细胞发生肿胀 ,胞内乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)漏出增加 ,膜流动性下降、脂质过氧化(LPO)含量增加 ;将经过“缺血”损伤神经细胞置 1 8h模拟“再灌注” ,“再灌注”后细胞数目明显减少 ,LDH的漏出、膜流动性下降和LPO增加继续加重 ,说明细胞损伤进一步加重。经过天麻素孵育后的神经细胞“缺血”或“再灌注”后LDH的漏出及LPO含量明显低于损伤组 ,而膜流动性则明显高于损伤组。表明 :天麻素对体外培养神经细胞的缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用     

319例小儿损伤和中毒外部原因分析

目的寻求小儿损伤和中毒意外事故发生的主要原因,以利于社会性的综合防治。方法将319例0~14岁小儿损伤和中 毒的外部原因分为11类,并按百分比从大到小排列,进行因素分析。结果得出损伤和中毒外部原因的排位。结论普及安全知识,特 别是增强小儿监护人和小孩的安全意识,才能减少事故的发生,。     

胸腰椎骨折伴脊髓损伤前后路手术适应证的选择

目的 通过107例胸腰椎骨折伴脊髓损伤病例的治疗,探讨前、后路手术适应证的选择。方法 31例经前路减压植骨,采用Z-Plate等内固定。76例经后路采用短节段椎弓根钉内固定。结果 两组均获得了满意的疗效。结论 选择前或后路手术,应综合考虑脊髓损伤程度、手术时机与技巧、骨折的部位、骨折类型和影像结果等,才能确实做到减压、恢复脊柱序列和坚强固定的目的。     

浅析排球运动损伤的发生与预防

[目的]分析排球运动中损伤的发生原因,研究预防和简单的治疗方法。[方法]文献资料法和专家访谈法。[结果]技术不定型、大负荷训练和比赛中的意外情况是损伤发生的主要原因。[结论]随着世界排球运动的飞速发展,各队之间的水平差异越来越小。想取得好的成绩就需要科学的大运动量训练,在训练水平和成绩上升的同时,伤病成了困扰排球队伍的负面因素,直接会影响集体成绩的提高。因此,排球运动中各种损伤的预防和治疗也成为排球科研解决的关键问题。     

Plain radiographic findings in anterior cruciate ligament injury and repair

Although magnetic resonance imaging is the most accurate imaging method of evaluating the anterior cruciate ligament, several plain radiographic signs suggestive of anterior cruciate ligament injury have been described. Plain radiographs also play an important role in evaluating anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.     

Population-based study of emergency department admissions and deaths from injuries in Barcelona,Spain: Incidence,causes and severity

The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of morbidity and mortality due to injuries in the population over the age of 14 years in Barcelona, Spain. Injury distribution according to sex, age, external cause, place of occurrence of the injury and severity was also obtained. A one-year survey was conducted in the emergency departments of the six main hospitals in Barcelona, based on a multistage sampling. Information was collected prospectively in emergency services by specially trained non-staff interviewers. Mortality data were drawn from death certificates. The incidence rate was 74.7 injury cases per 1,000 person-years over 14 years of age, higher in males than in females. Injury rates were highest in the youngest age-group and progressively lower until people over 75 years of age. Main external causes of injury were falls, being struck or caught by objects, and traffic-related injuries. The leading specific causes of injury mortality were traffic injuries, suicides and poisonings. While the overall admission incidence was 3.34 cases per 1,000 inhabitants, the proportion of hospitalized cases was 45.0 per 1,000 injury cases admitted to emergency rooms, higher for females, for traffic injuries and in the elderly population. Ninety-six percent of injury cases had an ISS value of 8 or less, mean ISS being highest for traffic injuries and falls. Injury morbidity and mortality amongst residents of Barcelona follow sex, age and cause of injury patterns which are, overall, comparable to those observed in other industrialized countries, suggesting that similar etiologic factors might be operating in those areas. The results should enable the orientation of injury prevention policies in the urban environment targeted on the young and the elderly population.     

输送链的结构与齿形探讨(三)——修正齿形链传动特性及完善齿形修正设计

本文讨论用“包络一轨迹”法设计的修正齿形链的传动特性,并提出了完善齿形修正设计的方法,基本上实现消除链传动申的“多边形效应”。     

Identification of the three-element windkessel model incorporating a pressure-dependent compliance

A new one-step computational procedure is presented for estimating the parameters of the nonlinear three-element windkessel model of the arterial system incorporating a pressure-dependent compliance. The data required are pulsatile aortic pressure and flow. The basic assumptions are a steadystate periodic regime and a purely elastic compliant element. By stating two conditions, zero mean flow and zero mean power in the compliant element, peripheral and characteristic resistances are determined through simple closed form formulas as functions of mean values of the square of aortic pressure, the square of aortic flow, and the product of aortic pressure with aortic flow. The pressure across as well as the flow through the compliant element can be then obtained so allowing the calculation of volume variation and compliance as functions of pressure. The feasibility of this method is studied by applying it to both simulated and experimental data relative to different circulatory conditions and comparing the results with those obtained by an iterative parameter optimization algorithm and with the actual values when available. The conclusion is that the proposed method appears to be effective in identifying the three-element windkessel even in the case of nonlinear compliance.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎患者出院后核酸检测阳性临床特征及原因综述

从新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19)暴发以来,研究发现COVID-19康复患者在出院后在14 d隔离管理或健康监测期间有样本采集核酸检测再次出现新型冠状病毒阳性(复阳)的情况,国内外相关研究报道越来越多。本研究采用文献查阅综述的方法,旨在综合描述COVID-19复阳者临床人口学特征、可能影响因素以及传播风险,为COVID-19患者出院管理、医疗资源救治分配和传播风险控制提供综合科学的建议。