急性白血病患儿的灵性需求及干预

目的改善急性白血病患儿负性情绪及其应对方式。方法将100例急性白血病患儿随机分为对照组与观察组各50例,在常规治疗的基上,对照组给予常规心理护理,观察组根据患儿灵性需求实施针对性干预。连续干预1个月后评价效果。结果干预后观察组患儿焦虑及抑郁评分、应对方式评分显著优于干预前及对照组(均P<0.01)。结论急性白血病患儿存在多方面灵性需求,针对性灵性护理可有效改善其心理状态及应对方式。     

基于儿科护士需求的人文关怀分层培训实践

目的 探讨基于儿科护士需求分析的人文关怀分层培训的应用效果.方法 采用访谈法了解不同层级儿科护士的人文关怀培训需求,根据培训需求对142名儿科护士实施人文关怀分层培训6个月,比较培训前及培训后各层级儿科护士关怀能力和培训满意度.结果 培训后不同层级儿科护士关怀能力及对人文关怀培训满意度显著高于培训前(P＜0.05,P＜...     

老年髋部骨折术后患者康复需求程度与康复状况调查

目的了解老年髋部骨折术后患者康复需求程度、需求满足度与康复状况的关系.方法上门随访82例老年髋部骨折术后患者家庭康复现状和康复需求情况.结果康复需求10个维度中他人支持、康复信息及功能训练指导位居前3位;需求程度与生理功能、躯体功能和社会功能有关(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);与髋关节功能评分中的疼痛程度、上楼梯、穿鞋袜和行走距离4个方面有关(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论出院后定期给予针对性的康复训练指导和健康教育是患者迫切的需求;康复需求程度高者,相应需求满足率低,其生活质量及髋关节功能恢复应成为干预的重点.     

Assessment of family needs following acquired brain injury in Saskatchewan

Primary objective: The objective was to learn what the family members of individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI) perceived as important needs and to what extent these needs are being met.

Methods and procedures: Sixty-six individuals who care for someone with an ABI and who receive service from the Saskatchewan South ABI Outreach Team completed the Family Needs Questionnaire (FNQ).

Main outcomes: An analysis of the importance ratings found that the most important needs were related to health information. Most needs perceived as unmet were related to emotional support.

Conclusions: Caregivers indicated that having honest, accurate comprehensive information regarding the ABI survivor is important. Respondents also indicated that approximately one-half of the needs have gone unmet or only partly met. This study highlights the importance for service providers to assess family needs in order to minimize distress in caregivers, maintenance of the well being of whom is integral in the support of the person with ABI.     

Understanding the needs and objectives of erectile dysfunction patients

Consideration of the needs and objectives of individual patients significantly influences the behavior of erectile dysfunction (ED) patients and their partners. Evaluation of an erectile dysfunction (ED) patient requires individualized consideration of the expectations, needs, and objectives of the affected couple. These factors can influence attitudes toward diagnosis, treatment seeking, and ultimately treatment compliance and dropout. Relevant ED market research studies were presented at the 2006 annual meeting of the American Urological Association. The studies explored the prevalence of ED, access to treatment, and ED patient attitudes and preferences. Several barriers continue to influence treatment-seeking behavior in men with ED. These barriers have had a negative impact on the ED patient and marketplace resulting in low rates of utilization and high rates of dropout from therapies for ED.     

临床护理带教教师多层次岗前培训现状与需求分析

目的　调查临床护理带教教师多层次岗前培训的培训现状并分析其培训需求,为进一步完善临床护理带教教师岗前培训的方案设计提供参考。方法　采用横断面调查法,利用自行设计的调查问卷,于2020年4月至2020年6月对采用多层次岗前培训模式的哈尔滨市某三级综合医院的172名临床护理带教教师进行调查,分析其岗前培训的现状与教师的培训需求。通过SPSS 17.0统计软件对所有原始数据进行统计学处理。结果　172名调查对象中,138名（80.2%）教师年龄在35岁以下,133名（77.3%）教师第一学历在本科以下;89名（51.7%）教师明确医院或科室会有计划、有组织地开展岗前培训,10名（5.8%）教师表示医院或科室从未组织过培训,41名（23.8%）教师从未参加过岗前培训,80名（46.5%）教师参加岗前培训的次数为1~3次。院内培训和科内培训的前8项培训内容有5项重复,分别是科室常见病疾病知识、护理程序、沟通技能、医院规章制度、带教方法。培训需求总得分为（154.51±40.35）分,总体需求率为81.3%,处于高等水平;得分率最高的维度是法制和人文素养,得分率为83.0 %;得分率最低的维度是教学管理,得分率为74.9%。培训需求得分率最高的9个条目分别为对学生基本素质（慎独、乐学、敬业品质等）的培养（84.7%）、法律知识（84.4%）、科室常用药物配伍禁忌（84.3%）、护士礼仪（83.3%）、护理风险防范（83.1%）、对学生的教育评价方法（83.1 %）、护患沟通技巧（83.0%）、科室常用药物的用药观察要点（83.0%）、科室常用药物作用（82.9%）。序位前3的培训形式分别为网络学习84名（48.8%）、医院内部有经验的教师讲授74名（43.0%）、经验交流与分享讨论会72名（41.9%）。结论　该院临床护理带教教师队伍人才结构相对年轻,第一学历偏低,应大力加强临床护理带教教师岗前培训工作;岗前培训开展的知晓率与参与度均一般,应加强各渠道培训信息的发布,提高培训活动的知晓率,明确参与岗前培训活动的鼓励或奖励措施,提高培训活动的参与度;各层次岗前培训内容存在重复,且与临床护理带教教师的培训需求存在差距,建议各教学医院结合自身培训对象的培训需求,采用线上线下混合的培训模式,合理统筹各层次的培训内容,避免培训内容重复,避免师资浪费,并可适时组织带教教师开展经验交流分享会。     

An Assessment of Dental Treatment Need: An Overview of Available Methods and Suggestions for a New, Comparative Summative Index

Objective: The aims were to give an overview and consider advantages and disadvantages of different approaches used to evaluate dental treatment need and to suggest an alternate Quantitative Summative Dental Treatment Need Index. Methods: The Medline Ovid database was searched for relevant articles published during the last three decades combining the terms "needs assessment,""dental care,""health services needs and demand." Results: There were substantial differences in methods used. Different modifications of the Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth/Surfaces indices, complex quantitative summative indices, or simplified approaches were used to assess dental treatment need. Differing advantages and disadvantages of these methods can be identified. Previously used approaches have a common limitation for use in oral epidemiology. Conclusions: The suggested alternate Quantitative Summative Dental Treatment Needs Index focuses on an ability to compare both the total burden of treatment need as well as to make a distinction among specific treatment needs across populations. This new approach is an attempt to develop a comprehensive index for use in oral epidemiology with further revisions anticipated.     

Strategies adopted to manage physical and psychosocial challenges after returning home among people with stroke: A qualitative study

Stroke survivors encounter various physical and psychosocial challenges after hospital discharge. Systematic reviews consistently suggest the importance of self-management in promoting post-stroke recovery. However, stroke survivors’ performance of self-management behaviors after returning home is poorly understood. This study was conducted to explore how stroke survivors manage their life after returning home from the hospital. This was a qualitative study with individual, semi-structured interviews. We recruited a purposive sample of adults who had a first or recurrent ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke and currently lived at home. Participants were asked about their post-stroke experiences, challenges encountered, and strategies adopted for managing post-stroke conditions. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. A total of 30 stroke survivors (mean age = 61.97 years, SD = 10.20) were interviewed. Most were men (n = 18), married (n = 25), and retired (n = 21). Two-thirds had experienced an ischemic stroke. Five key themes emerged: pursuing lifelong learning to live well after a stroke; reinterpreting unpleasant experiences as new learning opportunities; engaging in life activities to better adapt to post-stroke challenges; being confident in oneself to persevere in self-management behaviors; and continuing to accept the current self and explore the new self. Participants regarded learning as a prerequisite for improving their affected functions and managing uncertainties in recovery. Learning requires self-participation, building self-efficacy and positive outcome expectations, testing and adapting strategies to one''s own health conditions, and engaging in leisure or social activities. These findings will guide future development of interventions for enhancing stroke survivors’ recovery outcomes.