Validation of the cancer needs questionnaire (CNQ) short-form version in an ambulatory cancer setting

The short-form Cancer Needs Questionnaire (CNQ) is a self-administered cancer-specific questionnaire designed to assess patients' needs across several domains. The purpose of this study is to further evaluate its internal consistency and construct validity, in a group of ambulatory patients with cancer. Four hundred and fifty patients with a variety of cancer types participated. Factor analysis reproduced five domains: psychological; health information; physical and daily living; patient care and support; and interpersonal communication needs. Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.94 to 0.77, indicating substantial consistency across items grouped in the five domains. A priori predictions regarding convergent and contrasting groups construct validity were explored using bivariate relationships between domains of the short-form CNQ, the EORTC QLQC-30 and Beck Depression Inventory (short-form), with support provided for most of the predictions. The current study provides supportive evidence that the short-form CNQ is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the needs of patients with cancer in an ambulatory care setting.     

Use of brief psychiatric screening measures in a primary care sample

Patients seen in primary medical clinics report higher rates of major depression [Pérez-Stable et al., 1990: Arch Intern Med 15:1083-1088], and panic disorder [Sherbourne et al., 1996b: Von Korff et al., 1987: Arch Gen Psychiatry 44:152-156] than the general population. Primary care staff therefore need efficient methods of identifying patients with psychiatric disorders. The current study evaluates the use of several brief psychiatric screening measures for identifying patients with major depression and/or anxiety disorders. Participants were 213 primary care patients who received the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and two new instruments, the Autonomic Nervous System Questionnaire (ANS) for assessing panic disorder and the Social Phobia Questionnaire (SPQ) for assessing social phobia. Participants received both the screening instruments and a structured diagnostic interview. Results suggest that the CES-D is a useful measure for detecting psychopathology, but it is not particularly specific to depression, the ANS was a highly sensitive and reasonably specific measure for panic disorder, and the SPQ was reasonably sensitive and specific for social phobia. The BAI was a relatively poor screening measure that added no significant information beyond the other measures.     

Transitional care for patients with acute stroke—A priority‐setting project

BackgroundThe scope of this priority‐setting process is communication and collaboration in transitional care for patients with acute stroke. Actively involving persons with stroke and their family caregivers is important both in transitional care and when setting priorities for research. Established priority‐setting methods are time‐consuming and require extensive resources. They are therefore not feasible in small‐scale research. This article describes a pragmatic priority‐setting process to identify a prioritized top 10 list of research needs regarding transitional care for patients with acute stroke.MethodsA pragmatic priority‐setting approach inspired by the James Lind Alliance was developed. It involves establishing a user group, identifying the research needs through an online survey, analysing and checking the research needs against systematic reviews, culminating in an online prioritization of the top 10 list.ResultsThe process was completed in 7 months. A total of 122 patients, family caregivers, health personnel and caseworkers submitted 484 research needs, and 19 users prioritized the top 10 list. The list includes the categories ‘patients and caregivers’ needs and health literacy’, ‘health personnel''s common understanding’, ‘information flow between health personnel and patients and caregivers’, ‘available interventions and follow‐up of patients and caregivers’, ‘interaction and collaboration between health personnel and caseworkers across hospital and primary healthcare’ and ‘disabilities after stroke’.ConclusionThis paper outlines a pragmatic approach to identifying and prioritizing users'' research needs that was completed in 7 months. The top 10 list resulting from this priority setting process can guide future research relating to communication and collaboration during the transition from hospital to the community for patients with stroke.Patient and Public ContributionMembers of three stroke organizations participated in the advisory group. They gave feedback on the scope and the process, distributed the surveys and prioritized the top 10 list. Persons with stroke and their caregivers submitted research needs in the survey.     

护士长领导力现状及培训需求调查分析

目的 了解某二级甲等医院护士长领导力现状及培训需求情况,以采取针对性的改进措施。方法 采用护士长领导力测量表和护士长培训方式、培训项目需求量表,全院318名护士对21名护士长进行领导力问卷调查,同时对21名护士长进培训方式和培训项目需求问卷调查。结果 护士长职称与任职年限对于护士长领导力的14项评价指标的影响没有统计学上的意义,而护士长年龄> 36岁的各项评价指标平均值大于年龄≤35岁的平均值,原始学历是本科及以上各项指标的平均值大于大专及以下学历的平均值,有统计学上的意义,说明原始学历与领导力呈正相关。护士长喜欢案例分析等实战性培训方式,迫切需要接受的培训项目与护士长领导力的各项指标相关。结论 在选拔护士长任职资格,分层次培训,以新护士长进行导师制培养,做好后备护士长的选拔等方面采取针对性的措施。     

急诊患者家属心理需求的调查研究和护理

目的分析急诊患者家属心理需求的特点。方法分析我院2009年7月至2010年12月370例急诊患者家属的心理需求。结果重症急诊患者家属的心理上的需求显著高于一般急诊患者的家属,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);自费患者的家属心理上的需求仅略高于公费患者的家属,差异没有明显差异性(P>0.05);女性家属心理需求显著高于男性家属(P<0.05)。心理上的需求的程度和年龄呈正比例关系,和文化程度的高低呈负比例关系。离退休人员的心理需求高于其他人员的心理需求。结论满足患者家属心理需求可以使患者能在最好的生理以及心理状态下接受诊治和护理,能早日康复。     

特殊需要儿童构音语音障碍的评估与治疗

构音语音障碍是特殊需要儿童最常见、最外显的言语障碍类型之一.提高构音语音清晰度,能为特殊需要儿童连续语音清晰度的提高奠定构音基础,从而提高其言语交流能力.本文通过分析特殊需要儿童构音语音障碍的类型和韵母、声母的错误走向,建立构音语音障碍的评估与治疗体系,对提高特殊需要儿童构音语音能力具有重要的理论和实践意义.     

产房护士对助产专业培训需求的调查

目的通过对产房护士接受助产专业培训的情况及培训需求进行调查,以便有针对性地制定并实施助产专业培训计划。方法采用自行设计的助产专业培训情况与培训需求调查表,对4所医院的81名产房护士进行问卷调查。结果被调查者中29.63%毕业于助产专业,70.37%毕业于护理专业;82.72%的被调查者在独立进行助产工作前接受了助产专业培训;93.83%的护士认为需要接受助产专业培训,主要包括相关的政策法规、助产理论等。全部护士均认为新进入产房工作的护士需培训助产理论与助产技能。结论助产工作专业性强,产房护士应接受系统的助产专业培训,培训的内容和形式应根据培训对象分别制定,助产应向专业化方向发展。     

临床护理带教教师多层次岗前培训现状与需求分析

目的　调查临床护理带教教师多层次岗前培训的培训现状并分析其培训需求,为进一步完善临床护理带教教师岗前培训的方案设计提供参考。方法　采用横断面调查法,利用自行设计的调查问卷,于2020年4月至2020年6月对采用多层次岗前培训模式的哈尔滨市某三级综合医院的172名临床护理带教教师进行调查,分析其岗前培训的现状与教师的培训需求。通过SPSS 17.0统计软件对所有原始数据进行统计学处理。结果　172名调查对象中,138名（80.2%）教师年龄在35岁以下,133名（77.3%）教师第一学历在本科以下;89名（51.7%）教师明确医院或科室会有计划、有组织地开展岗前培训,10名（5.8%）教师表示医院或科室从未组织过培训,41名（23.8%）教师从未参加过岗前培训,80名（46.5%）教师参加岗前培训的次数为1~3次。院内培训和科内培训的前8项培训内容有5项重复,分别是科室常见病疾病知识、护理程序、沟通技能、医院规章制度、带教方法。培训需求总得分为（154.51±40.35）分,总体需求率为81.3%,处于高等水平;得分率最高的维度是法制和人文素养,得分率为83.0 %;得分率最低的维度是教学管理,得分率为74.9%。培训需求得分率最高的9个条目分别为对学生基本素质（慎独、乐学、敬业品质等）的培养（84.7%）、法律知识（84.4%）、科室常用药物配伍禁忌（84.3%）、护士礼仪（83.3%）、护理风险防范（83.1%）、对学生的教育评价方法（83.1 %）、护患沟通技巧（83.0%）、科室常用药物的用药观察要点（83.0%）、科室常用药物作用（82.9%）。序位前3的培训形式分别为网络学习84名（48.8%）、医院内部有经验的教师讲授74名（43.0%）、经验交流与分享讨论会72名（41.9%）。结论　该院临床护理带教教师队伍人才结构相对年轻,第一学历偏低,应大力加强临床护理带教教师岗前培训工作;岗前培训开展的知晓率与参与度均一般,应加强各渠道培训信息的发布,提高培训活动的知晓率,明确参与岗前培训活动的鼓励或奖励措施,提高培训活动的参与度;各层次岗前培训内容存在重复,且与临床护理带教教师的培训需求存在差距,建议各教学医院结合自身培训对象的培训需求,采用线上线下混合的培训模式,合理统筹各层次的培训内容,避免培训内容重复,避免师资浪费,并可适时组织带教教师开展经验交流分享会。     

军医大学学员文化发展需求现状的思考

当代大学生的文化发展需求普遍表现为内容多样、类型丰富和个性鲜明。军医大学学员集军人、医学生的双重身份,其文化发展需求与军队文化特性存在矛盾。目前,军医大学校园文化建设面临较大挑战。通过引进军民共建活动、搭建隐性文化平台、构建文化硬件设施等创新方法,可以积极引导学员的思想发展方向,更好地发挥军校特色文化的育人功能。