心脏性猝死的相关危险因素

目的 探讨心脏性猝死的相关危险因素，为预防心脏性猝死以及提高抢救成功率提供帮助。方法对我院2003-2009年收治的心脏性猝死患者69例的临床资料进行收集整理。结果经过临床推论和文献资料的查阅，证实在干预或消除其相关危险性因素后，心脏性猝死的发生率明显减少。结论心血管疾病的危险因素对心脏性猝死有直接影响，早期预防、避免诱发因素、及时处理是预防以及提高心脏性猝死抢救成功率的关键。     

One‐year survival of demented stroke patients: data from the Dijon Stroke Registry,France (1985–2008)

Background and purpose: Dementia is a frequent condition after stroke that may affect the prognosis of patients. Our aim was to determine whether post‐stroke dementia was a predictor of 1‐year case‐fatality and to evaluate factors that could influence survival in demented stroke patients. Methods: From 1985 to 2008, all first‐ever strokes were recorded in the population‐based stroke registry of Dijon, France (150 000 inhabitants). Dementia was diagnosed during the first month following stroke, according to DSM‐III and DSM‐IV criteria. Survival was evaluated at 1 year and multivariate analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards to identify independent predictive factors. Results: We recorded 3948 first‐ever strokes. Among these stroke patients, 3201 (81%) were testable, and of these, 653 (20.4%) had post‐stroke dementia (337 women and 316 men). Demented patients had lower 1‐year survival than patients without dementia (82.9% vs. 86.9%, P = 0.013). However, in multivariate analysis, dementia did not appear as an independent predictor of 1‐year death. In demented stroke patients, age >80 years old, severe handicap at discharge, recurrent stroke within the first year and subarachnoid haemorrhage were associated with a higher risk of 1‐year death, and the risk was lower in the study period 2003–2008. Conclusions: Dementia after stroke is not independently associated with an increased risk of death at 1 year. In recent years, 1‐year case‐fatality decreased in demented as well as in and non‐demented patients suggesting that improvements in the management of stroke also benefited the most fragile patients.     

探析制约医学院校思想政治教育队伍素质提高的因素

近年来,医学院校思想政治教育队伍的素质有了很大提高,但仍存在着许多不尽如人意的地方。文章探析了制约医学院校思想政治教育队伍素质提高的因素,提出了相应的对策与建议。     

Critical reflections on school-based occupational therapy

This article describes the process of facilitating change to practice that is more client-centered and occupation-based in a diverse suburban public school district in the USA from 2001 to 2006. The author sets the context, describes the process that included the use of the School AMPS, and considers factors that facilitated and constrained change.     

艾灸对动脉粥样硬化小鼠炎性反应因子及MMP-9的实验研究

目的:观察艾灸对Apo E~(-/-)小鼠主动脉内肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)及基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)的影响,并从抑制炎性反应,稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块等角度探讨艾灸在防治动脉粥样硬化中的机制。方法:将48只采用高脂饮食喂养的载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠(Apo E~(-/-)小鼠)作为动脉粥样硬化模型,并随机分为3组:艾灸组,模型组,药物对照组。并将16只同龄相同遗传背景的C57BL/6小鼠作为空白对照组。空白组、模型组小鼠每天常规抓取、固定,并放置假艾灸装置。艾灸组小鼠每天抓取固定,并艾灸膻中穴。药物组小鼠每天采用辛伐他汀0.28 mg/100 g灌胃,所有干预20 min/d,6 d/周,干预14周后牺牲,取材检测。Elisa法测定主动脉内TNF-α、IL-10、MMP-9的含量。油红"O"染色观察胸主动脉病理改变。结果:1)与模型组相比,艾灸组,药物组小鼠主动脉内TNF-α、MMP-9含量明显降低(P0.05),艾灸组,药物组之间无明显差异;与模型组相比,药物组IL-10水平明显升高有统计学意义(P0.05),艾灸组小鼠主动脉内IL-10呈升高趋势,但无统计学意义。2)胸主动脉病理改变:与空白组相比,模型组胸主动脉可见明显的AS斑块,内膜破坏,中膜增厚,平滑肌细胞破坏变性,管腔变狭窄。相比于模型组,艾灸组及药物组主动脉病变明显减轻。结论:1)艾灸可以有效缓解动脉粥样硬化病变,抑制动脉粥样硬化斑块生长;2)艾灸可以抑制体内炎性反应,并具有稳定斑块的作用     

新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病相关危险因素的分析

目的：探讨新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病（ HIE）发生的相关危险因素。方法回顾性分析绍兴市上虞妇幼保健院2008年1月至2013年1月收治的350例HIE患儿临床资料，另选取同期顺产的200例非HIE高危新生儿作为对照组，应用单因素分析和Logistic回归分析筛选HIE发生的相关危险因素。结果多因素Logistic回归显示分娩前因素只有妊娠期糖尿病与HIE相关（RR＝1．43，95％CI：1．08～2．12，P＜0．05），其他HIE独立预测因素均为分娩期因素，即羊水粪染、肩先露、脐带绕颈、产程延长、胎心监护异常、器械助产、急诊剖宫产、1min Apgar＜3分和5min Apgar＜5分（RR值分别为1．97、6．31、2．26、1．84、2．41、1．91、1．21、17．48和20．07，95％CI分别为1．38～3．67、3．44～12．42、1．52～5．20、1．09～4．65、1．14～5．96、1．24～4．77、1．04～2．39、8．21～174．26和7．26～164．28，均P＜0．05）。结论新生儿HIE与母体、胎儿等多种因素相关，其中分娩期是关键，其他因素通过影响分娩期因素起作用。