热和紫外线照射对丙型肝炎病毒JFH-1株灭活效果的研究

目的 应用HCV JFH-1株细胞培养系统,研究热和紫外线照射对HCV的灭活效果.方法 感染性滴度为2.5×104 Ffu/ml的丙型肝炎病毒JFH-1株(HCV JFH-1 strain)原液,经56℃水浴或紫外线照射不同时间后,感染Huh7-25-CD81细胞系,应用间接免疫荧光法测定病毒感染性滴度的动态变化.若被感染的细胞经旨传3代后,用问接免疫荧光法检测为阴性,则判定病毒原液已被完全灭活.结果 感染性滴度为2.5×104 FFU/ml的HCV JFH-1株原液,经56℃水浴孵育10 min、20 min、30 min后,其细胞的感染性滴度分别降至1.6×103FFU/ml、3.1×102FFU/ml和3.3×10FFU/ml;该HCV JFH-1株原液暴露于紫外灯下(波长253.7 nm,辐照强度≥60 μW/cm2)30 cm处照射15 s、30 s、45 s后,其细胞的感染性滴度分别降至1.0×103FFU/ml、1.1×102FFU/ml和2.7×10FFU/ml.经56℃水浴孵育40 min或紫外灯下照射(波长253.7 nm,辐照强度≥60 μW/cm2)1 min后,应用间接免疫荧光法检测为阴性,被感染的细胞经盲传3代后,间接免疫荧光法检测仍为阴性,证明该病毒液已被完全灭活.结论 HCV JFH-1株对热和紫外线照射较为敏感,56℃下40 min或紫外线照射(波长253.7 nm,辐照强度≥60 μW/cm2,距离30 cm)1 min,可完全灭活HCV JFH-1株.     

EB病毒和巨细胞病毒双重感染的传染性单核细胞增多症的临床特征

目的 探讨EB病毒（EBV）和巨细胞病毒（CMV）双重感染的传染性单核细胞增多症（IM）的临床特征.方法 回顾性总结21例由EBV和CMV双重感染导致IM的临床特点,并与单独EBV感染导致的IM病例进行比较.结果 ①两组间临床特点比较：双重感染组的发热持续时间显著长于EBV感染组（P＜0.01）,双重感染组的肝肿大发生率和脾肿大发生率均显著高于EBV感染组（分别P＜0.05,P＜0.01）.IM并发症,如血小板减少症、肺炎和贫血的发生率在双重感染组均显著高于EBV感染组（P＜0.01）.②各组间实验室指标比较：异型淋巴细胞百分比和肝功能异常的发生率在双重感染组均显著高于EBV感染组（P＜0.01）.结论 EBV和CMV双重感染IM常临床症状较重,发热持续时间较长,并发症如血小板减少症、肺炎和贫血的发生率较高.     

如何根据特异性IgM和IgG评价新型冠状病毒宫内垂直传播

新型冠状病毒能否通过宫内垂直传播感染胎儿是关注的焦点,而如何正确评价新型冠状病毒是否存在宫内垂直传播,更是问题的关键所在。病毒学和血清学证据对诊断病毒宫内垂直传播都有价值。单纯将血清学结果用于确定新型冠状病毒宫内传播时,应至少对新生儿随访3~6个月,动态观察IgM和IgG滴度变化,同时随访其母亲,与母亲特异性抗体的滴度进行比较。     

83例传染性单核细胞增多症的实验室检查和并发症

目的 　分析传染性单核细胞增多症 (传单 )患儿的实验室检查与并发症 ,利于减少临床漏诊与误诊。方法　回顾性分析 1 995年 1月～ 2 0 0 2年 1 2月我科收治的83例传单患儿的实验室检查特点和并发症的发生情况。结果 　异型淋巴细胞比例增高见于 89 2 %的病例 ,提示为诊断传单简便有效的筛查手段 ,其增高程度与疾病的病情无关。EBV -VCA -IgM的阳性率为 88 5%对传单诊断有重要意义。 36 9%的病例心肌酶谱升高 ;6 8 1 %的病例血沉增快 ;53 9%的病例C -反应蛋白轻度增高 ;73 5%病例发生于 7岁以下儿童 ,7月份及 9份月为发病高峰 ;并发症发生率 78 3%尤以肝脏损害最常见。其次为肺部感染。结论 　大多数传单呈良性临床经过 ,且多具有较典型的临床表现 ,本病并发症常见且多样 ,可累及多种器官。对EBV -VCA -IgM阴性而临床高度怀疑该病病例可采用EBV -PCR扩增技术协助诊断。提高对本病实验室检查特点和并发症的认识 ,有助于减少临床误诊和漏诊。     

High-efficiency gene transfer to primary T lymphocytes by recombinant adenovirus vectors

Recombinant, replication-deficient adenoviruses are efficient vectors for gene transfer to a wide range of cell types, with the exception of T lymphocytes. Here, we show that primary T lymphocytes from peripheral blood, cord blood, and the Jurkat T cell line are efficiently transduced by recombinant adenovirus. Nearly 100% infection efficiency of primary T cells is obtained with high multiplicity of infection (MOI) (5000) of recombinant adenovirus coding for lacZ. Similar infection efficiency by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer was obtained at lower MOI (3000) by activating primary T cells with PHA and PMA. Addition of cationic liposomes together with RAdlacZ markedly enhanced the infection efficiency at lower MOI (1000) resulting in over 90% infection efficiency. Primary T cells express low levels of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR), a cell surface receptor for adenovirus fiber attachment, as well as _vβ₃ and _vβ₅ integrins, cellular receptors for adenovirus internalization. This suggests that adenovirus entry to T cells at high MOI is mediated by other mechanisms. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that genes can be efficiently transferred to primary lymphocytes by adenovirus vectors at high MOI or in combination with cationic liposomes.     

尿微量白蛋白、血β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白、胱抑素C在小儿感染性肾早期损害的临床意义

目的探讨尿微量白蛋白(MA)、血β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)、α1微球蛋白(α1-MG)、胱抑素C(Cys-C)在小儿感染性肾早期损害的临床意义。方法包头市第八医院儿科2014年11月至2015年10月收治住院的急性感染患儿500例,通过检测尿MA、血β2-MG、α1-MG、Cys-C、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr),选出尿MA、血β2-MG、α1-MG、Cys-C任一项超出正常参考值者作为肾早损研究对象,为观察组(108例)。同期选择门诊健康体检儿童70例为对照组。观察组以病原体培养、血常规、C反应蛋白、血清降钙素原、血清特异性抗体检查结合临床表现作为病原体诊断依据,确定其感染类型。统计肾早损观察组各指标异常检出率。结果观察组中尿MA、血β2-MG、α1-MG、Cys-C水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);BUN、Cr与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。血α1-MG在各感染组异常检出率最低;病毒感染组尿MA、血β2-MG、Cys-C异常检出率不同,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),其中血β2-MG异常检出率最高;Cys-C在各种类型感染组中异常检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论血β2-MG诊断病毒感染性肾早期损害的敏感性最高,Cys-C的增高不受感染类型的限制,是各种类型感染性肾损害的良好诊断指标。     

Clinical Presentation of Novel Influenza A (H1N1) in Hospitalized Children

Objective

Human pandemic influenza H₁N₁ virus as the cause of febrile respiratory infection ranging from self-limited to severe illness has spread globally during 2009. Signs and symptoms of upper and lower respiratory tract involvement, fever, sore throat, rhinitis, myalgia, malaise, headache, chills and fatigue are common. In this article we report the clinical presentation of Influenza A (H₁N₁) in our hospitalized children.

Methods

Between September and October 2009, all children requiring hospitalization for suspected H₁N₁ infection were transferred to Pediatric Infectious Diseases ward. For all patients the throat swab was taken for PCR testing to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of H₁N₁ Influenza A. Case patients consisted of H₁N₁-positive patients. Age, sex, symptoms, signs, laboratory data, CXR changes, details of therapy, duration of admission and patient outcome were documented.

Findings

Twenty patients were H₁N₁ positive. Mean age of the patients was 65.50±9.8 months. Fever and coughs were with 55% the most commonly reported symptoms. Other presentations included vomiting (55%), abdominal pain (25%), cyanosis and dyspnea (5%), body ache (40%), rhinorrhea (80%), sore throat (35%), head stiffness (5%) and loss of conciousness (5%). The median temperature of the patients was 38.5°C. Chest X-Ray changes were noted in 13 out of 20 patients (65%). Mean leukocyte and platelet was 6475 and 169000 respectively. Seventeen (85%) patients were treated with Oseltamivir, 3 patients received adjuvant antibiotics. The mean duration of admission was 3 days. Three patients required intensive care support and all of them expired due to superinfection.

Conclusion

Our data confirm that the presentation of influenza in children is variable and 2009 H₁N₁ influenza may cause leucopenia and thrombocytopenia.