浙桂冀川成人空腹血糖受损与心血管病危险因素和心功能的相关性研究

目的通过描述中国4省（区）成人空腹血糖受损分布特点,探讨成人空腹血糖受损与心血管病危险因素和心功能的相关性。方法采用流行病学横断面研究方法对河北省、浙江省、广西壮族自治区和四川省松潘县18～74岁成人的身体健康状况进行分层整群随机抽样问卷调查和体格检查。结果成人空腹血糖受损率3省（区）为1.9%,四川省松潘县为4.8%。4省（区）空腹血糖受损与心血管病危险因素相关。但多因素Logistic回归结果显示只有四川省松潘县空腹血糖受损与年龄和腰围呈正相关（P〈0.05）。3省（区）心功能指标CI平均水平随着空腹血糖水平的升高而减低（P〈0.05）,四川省松潘县心功能指标SI平均水平随着空腹血糖水平的升高而减低（P〈0.05）。结论中国4省（区）18～74岁成人空腹血糖受损比例较高。空腹血糖受损与心血管病危险因素和心功能有关。对空腹血糖受损成人进行健康管理具有重要的公共卫生意义。     

An INSIG2 Polymorphism Affects Glucose Homeostasis in Sardinian Obese Children and Adolescents

Allelic variants of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs7566605, located approximately 10 kb upstream of the INSIG2 gene have been found in association with body weight and with other clinical features related to obesity in some populations but not in others. Our objective was to test the association of this SNP in obese children and adolescents from the genetically isolated population of Sardinia. We tested the association of rs7566605 with body mass index (BMI) and with serum glucose and insulin concentrations and a surrogate measure of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) in a cohort of 747 Sardinian obese children and adolescents. A case control analysis was performed using 548 ethnically‐matched healthy controls. Allelic frequencies of the SNP were similar between patients and controls. Mean glucose and insulin concentration and mean HOMA‐IR values were significantly higher in patients carrying the CC genotype than in the CG and GG carriers. In the patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), allele C was significantly more frequent than in controls. Although INSIG2 polymorphisms do not consistently associate with BMI, the observation of an association with glucose concentration would support a role for this gene in the metabolic complications of obesity.     

Variation of the gene coding for DARPP-32 (PPP1R1B) and brain connectivity during associative emotional learning

Associative emotional learning, which is important for the social emotional functioning of individuals and is often impaired in psychiatric illnesses, is in part mediated by dopamine and glutamate pathways in the brain. The protein DARPP-32 is involved in the regulation of dopaminergic and glutaminergic signaling. Consequently, it has been suggested that the haplotypic variants of the gene PPP1R1B that encodes DARPP-32 are associated with working memory and emotion processing.We hypothesized that PPP1R1B should have a significant influence on the network of brain regions involved in associative emotional learning that are rich in DARPP-32, namely the striatum, prefrontal cortex (comprising the medial frontal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG)), amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus (PHG). Dynamic causal models were applied to functional MRI data to investigate how brain connectivity during an associative emotional learning task is affected by different single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PPP1R1B: rs879606, rs907094 and rs3764352.Compared to heterozygotes, homozygotes with GTA alleles displayed increased intrinsic connectivity between the IFG and PHG, as well as increased excitability of the PHG for negative emotional stimuli. We have also elucidated the directionality of these genetic influences. Our data suggest that homozygotes with GTA alleles involve stronger functional connections between brain areas in order to maintain activation of these regions. Homozygotes might engage a greater degree of motivational learning and integration of information to perform the emotional learning task correctly.We conclude that PPP1R1B is associated with the neural network involved in associative emotional learning.     

广西人群空腹血糖受损危险因素非条件Logistic回归分析

目的探讨广西壮族自治区人群IFG(空腹血糖受损)发生的危险因素。方法采取整群抽样的方法,2003~2005年对广西东、南、西、北和中部五个地区人群开展糖尿病调查,收集被调查人群个人基本情况,测量身高、体重、血压、空腹血糖(FBS)及餐后2h血糖(2hPBS)、血脂、UA(尿酸)、FINS(空腹胰岛素)等资料,10164份调查数据完整的资料入选,按照2007年美国糖尿病协会糖尿病诊断分类指南的空腹血糖受损标准,对研究因素进行非条件多因素Logistic回归统计分析。结果年龄、BMI(体重指数)、SBP(收缩压)、TCH(胆固醇)、UA、HOMAIR(胰岛素抵抗指数)是广西人群IFG发生的危险因素,HDL(高密度脂蛋白)是保护因素,性别、DBP(舒张压)、WHR(腰臀比)、TG(甘油三酯)、LDL(低密度脂蛋白)不是IFG发生的危险因素。结论年龄、BMI、SBP、TCH、UA、HOMAIR的升高促进IFG发生,HDL的升高有利于降低IFG的发生。