双管同步抽注法和全自动换血术治疗新生儿高胆红素血症的效果研究

目的探讨双管同步抽注法和全自动换血法治疗新生儿高胆红素血症的疗效。方法分别检测采用双管同步抽注法的10例高胆红素血症新生儿和采用全自动换血法的13例高胆红素血症新生儿换血前后胆红素、血电解质、血常规、血糖、pH值变化。结果双管同步抽注法组换血前后总胆红素值分别为(391.13±107.62)mmol/L、(193.40±37.86)mmol/L,总胆红素换出率为50.4%。全自动换血组换血前后总胆红素值分别为(430.33±121.92)mmol/L、(216.83±63.66)mmol/L,总胆红素换出率为49.8%。2组换血前后总胆红素值差异均有显著意义(P<0.01),2组总胆红素换出率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论全自动换血法简便易行,安全有效,是新生儿换血中较理想的方法。     

早产儿血清胆红素神经损害高危值及其影响因素的研究

目的:探讨早产儿血清胆红素增高导致神经系统损害时其血清胆红素临界值,以及影响临界值的高危因素。方法:收集2000年1月至2002年12月在我院新生儿科住院的早产儿高胆红素血症患儿病例共167例,以脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)出现异常作为神经损害标志。入院后即检测血清胆红素浓度及脑干听觉诱发电位,当出现皮肤黄疸后每日检测血清胆红素浓度及脑干听觉诱发电位一次,直至脑干听觉诱发电位出现异常,并记录出现异常时对应的血清胆红素值。同时记录各患儿的胎龄、出生体重、血清白蛋白值和血pH值。结果:167例早产儿中引起脑干听觉诱发电位异常时,血清间接胆红素临界值为(177.41±27.23)μmol/L。对于出生胎龄<32周、～34周、～36+6周的患儿,导致脑干听觉诱发电位异常时,血清间接胆红素临界平均值分别为(154.67±28.92)μmol/L、(161.61±16.06)μmol/L和(173.76±19.22)μmol/L。应用二元变量相关分析研究,提示出生胎龄、出生体重、血清白蛋白浓度及血pH值均与血清间接胆红素临界值有相关性,其相关系数分别为0.653、0.698、0.593和0.512,P值均<0.001。结...     

Characterisation of liver chemistry abnormalities associated with pazopanib monotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials in advanced cancer patients

Drug-induced liver chemistry abnormalities, primarily transaminase elevations, are commonly observed in pazopanib-treated patients. This meta-analysis characterises liver chemistry abnormalities associated with pazopanib. Data of pazopanib-treated patients from nine prospective trials were integrated (N = 2080). Laboratory datasets were used to characterise the incidence, timing, recovery and patterns of liver events, and subsequent rechallenge with pazopanib. Severe cases of liver chemistry abnormalities were clinically reviewed. Multivariate analyses identified predisposing factors. Twenty percent of patients developed elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >3×ULN. Incidence of peak ALT >3–5×ULN, >5–8×ULN, >8–20×ULN and >20×ULN was 8%, 5%, 5% and 1%, respectively. Median time to onset for all events was 42 days; 91% of events were observed within 18 weeks. Recovery rates based on peak ALT >3–5×ULN, >5–8×ULN, >8-20×ULN and >20×ULN were 91%, 90%, 90% and 64%, respectively. Median time from onset to recovery was 30 days, but longer in patients without dose interruption. Based on clinical review, no deaths were associated with drug-induced liver injury. Overall, 38% of rechallenged patients had ALT elevation recurrence, with 9-day median time to recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that older age was associated with development of ALT >8×ULN. There was no correlation between hypertension and transaminitis. Our data support the current guidelines on regular liver chemistry tests after initiation of pazopanib, especially during the first 9 or 10 weeks, and also demonstrate the safety of rechallenge with pazopanib.     

418例新生儿窒息与高胆红素血症的关系分析

目的:探讨新生儿窒息对新生儿高胆红素血症(下称高胆)的影响。方法:对418例窒息新生儿高胆的发生率进行回顾性临床分析。分轻度窒息组和重度窒息组,同期住院无窒息新生儿为对照组。对有皮肤黄疸的新生儿应用经皮胆红素测定仪动态观察,结果接近高胆诊断标准时,测血清胆红素浓度及肝功能。结果:轻度窒息组(279例)、重度窒息组(139例)、无窒息组(4 827例)高胆发生率分别为17.20%、10.07%、59.29%,三组间比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=315.792,P<0.01),轻度窒息组与重度窒息组高胆发生率低于无窒息组;轻度窒息组与无窒息组相比,差异有统计学意义(χ2=188.893,P<0.01),轻度窒息组高胆发生率低于无窒息组;重度窒息组与无窒息组比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=132.277,P<0.01),重度窒息组高胆发生率低于无窒息组;轻度窒息组与重度窒息组比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.193,P>0.05)。结论:轻度窒息、重度窒息新生儿高胆发生率均低于无窒息新生儿。     

358例足月新生儿高胆红素血症临床分析

目的:分析足月新生儿高胆红素血症的病因及治疗方法。方法:回顾性分析358例足月新生儿高胆红素血症的病因、治疗及转归。结果:新生儿高胆红素血症的病因依次为围产因素、感染因素、母乳性黄疸、新生儿湿肺及其他因素。经过(26.7±14.4)h的蓝光照射及辅助治疗后,血清胆红素值由(326.21±71.81)μmmol/L降至(175.04±48.97)μmmol/L。结论:加强围产期保健,提高产科接生技术,预防感染,早期结合其发病相关因素给予蓝光照射为主的综合治疗,对降低高胆红素血症发生率具有重要意义。     

茵栀黄颗粒治疗乙型肝炎高胆红素血症70例临床观察

目的观察茵栀黄颗粒治疗慢性乙型肝炎高胆红素血症的临床疗效。方法选择2008年3月至2009年12月期间,来我院治疗的的慢性乙肝高胆红素血症患者70例随机分成两组,治疗组36例,对照组34例。两组均给予葡萄糖、维生素C、维生素B、甘利欣等保肝治疗,治疗组给予加服茵栀黄颗粒,疗程为一周,治疗结束评价疗效。治疗前及治疗后2周、4周后检测1次血清总胆红素(TSB)、总胆汁酸(TBA)。结果通过治疗后,治疗组的治疗前后有显著性差异(P<0.01),治疗组血清总胆红素、总胆汁酸明显低于对照组(P<0.05);通过评价客观疗效,治疗组总有效率达(86.11%)明显高于对照组总有效率(52.94%),两组有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论栀黄颗粒治疗乙型肝炎高胆红素血症,疗效明确,未发现明显毒副反应,用药安全可靠,值得临床推广使用。     

高胆红素血症足月新生儿的智力追踪观察

使用儿科研究所与心理研究所制订的０－４岁精神发育量表，对３６例足月、高胆红素血症患儿进行２个月、４个月、９个月１２个月的５次随访，发现发育商均低于配对的对照组；其中２个月的ＤＱ明显低于对照组（ｔ＝２．２６４，ｐ＝０．０３）。单项对比中，２个月时的社交行为ＤＱ明显低于对照组（ｔ＝２．８５７，Ｐ＝０．００７）。单项ＤＱ均数显示除大运动项外，余４均低于对照组，其中适应能力和社交行为明显低于对照组（ｔ＝０     

ABR和DPOAE在高胆红素血症新生儿听力筛查中的应用

目的探讨听性脑干反应(ABR)及畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)对高胆红素血症新生儿听力筛查的临床意义,为早期干预治疗提供依据.方法对170例高胆红素血症新生儿进行ABR和DPOAE检查,对其中部分异常者6个月后复查.结果 170例患儿中,ABR和DPOAE的总异常率分别为54.12%和32.65%;血清胆红素水平越高,ABR和DPOAE异常率越高(P<0.01),ABR异常越严重(P<0.01);胆红素浓度恢复正常后6个月复查ABR和DPOAE,恢复率分别为77.12%和77.01%,其中ABR异常DPOAE正常耳较两者均异常耳容易恢复(P<0.01).结论 ABR和DPOAE联合应用对高胆红素血症新生儿听力的早期定量定位评估比单独应用更准确和全面.