功能性便秘患儿胃肠传输时间的测定

目的 :采用不透X线标志物测定功能性便秘患儿和正常儿童全胃肠传输时间口 盲传输时间 ,结肠传输时间及分段结肠传输时间的正常值 .方法 :通过口服不透X线标志物 ,用X线拍片法分别于 12 ,2 4和 4 8h摄腹部平片 ,测定 6 8名正常儿童全胃肠传输时间 (totalgastrointestinaltransittime,TGITT)、口 盲时间 (mouth intestinetransittime ,M ITT)和结肠传输时间 (colonictransittime ,CTT) .结果 :正常儿童及FC患儿的 5 0 %全胃肠、口 盲、全结肠传输时间分别为 (2 3.6± 1.6 )h ,(9.9± 1.4 )h ,(14 .8± 1.8)和 (80 .4± 2 .1)h ,(2 0 .7± 0 .6 )h ,(5 9.9± 2 .3)h .节段性结肠传输时间包括 :右半结肠传输时间 (rightcolonictransittime,RCTT) ;左半结肠传输时间 (leftcolonictransittime ,LCTT)和直肠乙状结肠传输时间 (rectosigmoidcolonictransittime,RSTT)分别为 (7.3± 1.1)h ,(3.4± 0 .8)h ,(4 .1± 1.2 )和 (2 0 .3± 1.2 )h ,(12 .8± 1.7)h ,(2 6 .8± 1.4 )h .结论 :正常儿童胃肠传输时间与正常成人和功能性便秘患儿比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1) .胃肠传输时间测定可了解全胃肠及各段的动力情况 ,对功能性便秘的诊断及评估治疗效果有实用意义     

32例腹部开放性损伤的救治体会

目的:探讨开放性腹部损伤的治疗方法。方法:回顾性分析1991年-1994年32例开放性腹部损伤患者的临床资料。结果:开腹探查26例,单纯缝合6例,阴性探查3例,二次手术2例,术后切口感染2例,感染性休克死亡1例,治愈31例,病死率为3.12%。结论:开放性腹部外伤,首先要根据临床表现及辅助检查判定内脏是否损伤,手术时机的掌握是治疗的关键。     

Scales of depression,ill-being and the quality of life—is there any difference? An assay in taxonomy

The application of a model based on the three time dimensions of past, present and future can be used to generate an alternative taxonomy for the classification of depression, ill-being and quality of life. In relation to time, depression can be defined as the passage from a healthy past to a painful present, ill-being as the painful present of the individual and the quality of life (QOL) as the degree to which the subject's present life is commensurate with his aspirations. Such an approach opens up conceptual and methodological areas of research which will allow the construction of a new type of scale. Depression scales should be constructed with two time dimensions: past and present; ill-being scales only refer to the present and QOL scales should have two time dimensions: present and future. It would be possible to combine these three scales into a single scale with three dimensions. Such a scale would enable depression and ill-being to be quantified, accurately diagnosed and monitored. The relative importance of principal symptoms could be assessed, facilitating the choice of therapy and follow-up methods.     

不同时辰刺激大鼠的交叉上核对血浆中皮质酮含量的影响

应用拉丁方设计，在不同体重组的大鼠，于不同时辰，对交叉上核采取不同强度的刺激，用放射免疫法测定外周血中皮质酮的含量。其结果显示：各体重组间无显著性差异，不同时辰血浆皮质酮的平均含量各组呈现基本相同的节律性变化，无论何时辰刺激交叉上核使之兴奋，均可显著提高血浆皮质酮的含量。完全损毁交叉上核后７２小时血浆皮质酮含量和正常对照组无显著性差异，且其节律性也没有出现明显变化。     

Contact dermatitis in patients with leg ulcers

100 patients with leg ulcers were patch tested against a standard battery of allergens. The readings were carried out daily from the 2nd to the 7th days. 55 patients showed positive reactions to one or more allergens. 32% of positive reactions developed for the first time after 48 h and 11% after 72 h. No single day or combination of two days gave 100% positive results. A single reading on the 4th day gave the highest number of positive reactions at 92%. The prevalence of positive patch tests was significantly higher in patients with surrounding eczema, and in patients with positive patch tests the ulcer duration was significantly longer than in those with negative patch tests. The total number of positive results in individuals increased linearly with the duration of the ulcer. Of allergens to which the ulcer was exposed, the occurrence of multiple sensitivity was significantly greater than predicted from the prevalence of individual sensitivities. However, there was no association between medicaments and metal sensitivity. This, together with the absence of an exponential rise in the number of allergens with the duration of ulcer, does not support the theory of systemic ampliative allergy.     

采用修正正交分段线性函数求解时滞系统和卷积的方法

应用修正正交分段线性函数的时滞和反向特性，推导出求解时滞系统和卷积的公式。数字仿真表明，它具有计算简单，精度高的优点。     

Simultaneous noninvasive evaluation of gastric emptying and orocaecal transit times

Summary The aim of the study was to use a novel combination of two methods for the simultaneous evaluation of two effects of oral cisapride in 10 diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy; gastric emptying time was measured by following radio-opaque markers and orocaecal transit time by the sulphasalazine-sulphapridine method. The study was of double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over design.It was possible to evaluate the effect of a prokinetic drug on gastric emptying and orocaecal transit times using these two noninvasive techniques at the same time. Cisapride significantly reduced both the gastric emptying (1.2 h versus 2.1 h) and orocaecal tansit (5.9 h versus 7.7 h) times.     

电针内关穴对窦房传导功能的影响及其意义

采用直接窦房传导时间（ＳＡＣＴｄ）为指标，对１０例窦房结功能正常者进行了针刺前、针刺及固有心率（ＩＨＲ０）期间ＳＡＣＴｄ测定，以探讨电针内关穴对窦房传导功能的影响及其意义。结果表明：电针与ＩＨＲ０期间ＳＡＣＴｄ较对照期显著缩短（Ｐ〈０．０１；Ｐ〈０．００１）。自主神经阻滞后，电针该穴不能使ＳＡＣＴｄ进一步缩短（Ｐ〉０．０５）。提示；以内关穴为主的电针刺激能改善正常窦房传导功能，其作用似与自主神经中     

Reduced peripheral blood mitochondrial DNA content is not a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes.

AIMS: Mitochondrial depletion in pancreatic beta cells is known to reduce glucose stimulated insulin secretion. We aimed to determine whether the offspring of patients with early onset Type 2 diabetes had reduced peripheral blood mitochondrial content relative to control subjects and whether this could lead to a predisposition to type 2 diabetes in later life. METHODS: We measured the levels of mitochondria relative to a single copy genomic target by real time polymerase chain reaction in a series of peripheral blood samples taken from the offspring of Caucasian patients with Type 2 diabetes and matched controls. Measures of insulin sensitivity and beta cell function were also taken. RESULTS: In contrast with previous studies, mitochondrial DNA content was not decreased in the offspring of patients with Type 2 diabetes relative to matched controls in our cohort. Conversely, we noted a small proliferation in mitochondrial numbers in our case subjects. In agreement with these findings, no correlations with either insulin sensitivity or beta cell function were noted. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that reduced mitochondrial DNA content in peripheral blood is not a risk factor for the development of Type 2 diabetes in the offspring of patients with early onset Type 2 diabetes.