基于结构变动度的门诊医疗费用结构研究

目的运用结构变动度分析门诊医疗费用结构,为门诊医疗费用结构调整、有效控制医疗费用提供理论依据。方法运用结构变动值、结构变动度和结构变动贡献率等评价指标,分析某三级医院5年中门诊医疗费用的变动情况。结果 2005年-2006年、2007年-2008年门诊医疗费用结构变动较其它两个区间剧烈;2006年-2007年变动振幅最小、2008年-2009年变动幅度位居第三。2005年-2009年费用结构变动度为8.393%,年均结构变动度2.098%。其中,西药费、中成药费、检查费、治疗费是影响费用变动的主要项目,四项累计贡献率为76.135%。结论采用结构变动度分析门诊医疗费用结构,能够为了解医疗费用结构的变动情况,逐步实现医疗费用结构定量科学管理提供新的理论方法。     

急性阑尾炎患者住院费用及影响因素分析

目的:分析急性阑尾炎患者的住院费用构成及其影响因素,为控制医疗费用不合理增长提供统计依据。方法:收集2003年1月1日至2005年10月31日间诊断为急性阑尾炎的出院病例363例,应用多元逐步回归法分析影响住院费用的主要因素。结果:患者平均住院费用(5012.47±5106.54)元,影响住院费用的主要因素分别是:住院日、年龄、诊断类别和药费比例。结论:依据不同诊断类别制定合理的单病种住院日指标和费用指标,同时加强合理用药,控制药品费用比例,可以有效地降低急性阑尾炎患者的住院费用。     

城镇医保病人住院费用的影响因素动态分析

通过对兰州市第三人民医院2003～2005年3年来的147例城镇职工基本医疗保险病人的住院费用进行统计,分析影响城镇职工基本医疗保险病人住院费用的各种因素,找出降低医疗费用的途径,为控制医疗费用的不合理增长提供依据。     

经济欠发达地区电视胸腔镜手术治疗体会

目的探索在经济欠发达地区最大限度降低手术费用（接近常规开胸手术费用）开展电视胸腔镜手术（video assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS）技术的可行性,以及具体手术方法。方法采用同时期内相同或类似种类的胸部手术病人,随机分为实验组（VATS组）和对照组（开胸手术组）,比较VATS组与开胸组在手术中出血量、手术时间、术后引流量、住院时间、住院总费用差异。结果手术时间对比无显著差异,手术中出血量、手术后胸管引流量、住院天数、手术后并发症对比差异显著,住院总费用对比差异不显著。结论通过改进常规VATS手术技术,不使用一次性器械的电视胸腔镜手术是可行的。     

Growth failure,risk of hospitalization and death for children with end-stage renal disease

Growth failure remains a significant problem for children with chronic renal insufficiency and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We examined whether growth failure is associated with more-frequent hospitalizations or higher mortality in children with kidney disease. We studied data on prevalent United States pediatric patients with ESRD in 1990 who were followed through 1995. Patients were categorized according to the standard deviation score (SDS) of their incremental growth during 1990: severe (<–3 SDS), moderate growth failure (>–3 and <–2 SDS), and normal growth (>–2 SDS). Among 1,112 prevalent pediatric dialysis and transplant patients (<17 years, Tanner I–IV), those with severe and moderate growth failure had higher hospitalization rates {relative risk (RR) 1.14 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1, 1.2] and 1.24 [95% CI 1.2, 1.3]} respectively than those with normal growth after adjustment for age, gender, race, cause and duration of ESRD, and treatment modality (dialysis or transplant) in 1990. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed 5-year survival of 85% and 90% for patients with severe and moderate growth failure, respectively, compared with 96% for patients with normal growth (P<0.001, log-rank). Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that those with severe (RR 2.9, 95% CI 1.6, 5.3) and moderate growth failure (RR 2.01, 95% CI 1.1, 3.6) had an increased risk of death compared with youths with normal growth, after adjustment. A higher proportion of deaths in the severe and moderate growth failure groups were attributed to infectious causes (22% and 18.7%, respectively) than in the normal growth group (15.6%). We conclude that growth failure is associated with a more-complicated clinical course and increased risk of death for children with kidney failure. Received: 15 August 2001 / Revised: 14 January 2002 / Accepted: 15 January 2002     

内科住院患者医院感染的调查与分析

目的为了探讨我院内科住院患者医院感染的基本情况，以采取相应有效的防治措施。方法采用回顾性调查方法，对我院2004年1月1日-12月31日内科、儿科出院患者的临床资料进行汇总，对其临床特点进行整理、统计分析。结果被调查的内科住院患者7101例，发生医院感染的373例，感染率5．5％，发生医院感染475例次，医院感染例次率6．7％，其中以呼吸道感染为首位，依次为胃肠道，泌尿道：抗生素使用人数为2010例，抗生素使用率46．2％：二联用药845例，占42．0％，三联用药150例，占7．4％，四联用药3例，占0．2％。结论加强医院感染管理和重点科室的目标监测，提倡合理应用抗生素，以减少医院感染的发生。     

新型农村合作医疗中医疗服务供方管理与费用控制

加强对医疗服务供方的管理与控制医疗费用的不合理增长是确保新型农村合作医疗试点工作稳步发展的重要措施.因此,湖北省积极采取措施,通过强化行政部门的管理职能、落实监督审核制度和强化定点医疗机构的管理等措施,严格规范医疗服务供方的行为,控制医疗费用的不合理增长,降低了例均住院费用,切实维护了参合农民的利益.     

新型农村合作医疗制度对农民医疗费用的影响研究

目的：了解新型农村合作医疗实施1年后，农民的门诊与住院医疗费用变化情况，评价新型农村合作医疗实施对医疗费用的影响。方法：采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取婺源县3个乡镇9个行政村，每村70户入户进行基线调查和1年后的跟踪调查；同时随机抄录乡、县两级医院部分农民的住院费用情况进行分析。结果：新型农村合作医疗实施1年后婺源县农民年人均医疗费用为271.87元，较基线调查的212．62元高出59.25元，其中门诊费用降低了0.05元，住院费用升高了59．30元。住院费用增高主要是20000元以上费用段费用增高所致。结论：婺源县在实施新型农村合作医疗制度1年后，农民年人均医疗费用升高，主要表现为大额住院费用的升高，应采取相应对策，控制住院费用的上升。     

顺加作价政策对药品价格和患者负担的作用

顺加作价改革对药品价格的降低效果分为两个统计数据:一个是事前估计降价幅度,为27.0%,另一个是事后实际降价幅度,为17.0%.实际降价幅度小于估计值说明医生对药品的选用向价高利大的药品倾斜.药品降价后,患者的门诊药品均次负担在杭州市有明显的下降,在其他地区没有明显变化,住院药品均次负担在各个地区均变化不大.全省抽样统计计算的每位患者平均综合药品费用仅下降4.0%,说明患者的医药负担没有明显变化,原因在于综合门诊和住院的平均用药量增大.     

Is travel distance a barrier to veterans' use of VA hospitals for medical surgical care?

Lengthy travel distances may explain why relatively few veterans in the United States use VA hospitals for inpatient medical/surgical care. We used two approaches to distinguish the effect of distance on VA use from other factors such as access to alternatives and veterans' characteristics. The first approach describes how disparities in travel distance to the VA are related to other characteristics of geographic areas. The second approach involved a multivariate analysis of VA use in postal zip code areas (ZCAs). We used several sources of data to estimate the number of veterans who had priority access to the VA so that use rates could be estimated. Access to hospitals was characterized by estimated travel distance to inpatient providers that typically serve each ZCA. The results demonstrate that travel distance to the VA is variable, with veterans in rural areas traveling much farther for VA care than veterans in areas of high population density. However, Medicare recipients also travel farther in areas of low population density. In some areas veterans must travel lengthy distances for VA care because VA hospitals which were built over the past few decades are not located close to areas in which veterans reside in the 1990s. The disparities in travel distance suggest inequitable access to the VA. Use of the VA decreases with increases in travel distance only up to about 15 miles, after which use is relatively insensitive to further increases in distance. The multivariate analyses indicate that those over 65 are less sensitive to distance than younger veterans, even though those over 65 are Medicare eligible and therefore have inexpensive access to alternatives. The results suggest that proximity to a VA hospital is only one of many factors determining VA use. Further research is indicated to develop an appropriate response to the needs of the small but apparently dedicated group of VA users who are traveling very long distances to obtain VA care.