大学生宿舍人际关系对幸福感的影响:性别的调节作用

目的:考察大学生宿舍人际关系对幸福感的影响,以及性别的调节作用。方法:通过大学生宿舍人际关系问卷、总体幸福感量表(GWB)对某大学1215名大学生进行问卷调查。结果:1大学生对宿舍人际关系普遍比较满意,幸福感较强。不同年级、不同性别大学生的宿舍人际关系及幸福感差异均不显著(P0.05);2宿舍人际关系与幸福感呈正相关,回归系数显著(β=0.594,P0.001);3宿舍人际关系和性别交互项的回归系数显著(B=-0.215,P0.01,△R2=0.004)。结论:性别在大学生宿舍人际关系对幸福感的影响中具有调节作用。     

Investigation of physiological and psychological effects of robotic cat and betta fish therapies in hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled study

AimsThis randomized controlled study was conducted to investigate the physiological and psychological effects of pet therapy in hemodialysis patients.BackgroundPet therapy has both physiological and psychological effects on individuals with chronic diseases. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have examined the physiological and psychological effects of pet treatment in hemodialysis patients worldwide.DesignA randomized controlled study.MethodsThe study was completed with 18 robotic cats, 18 Betta fish, and 18 control group patients. The data were collected at XXX State Hospital between May and September 2021 using data collection tools. Robotic pet treatment was applied to the robotic cat group for 20 min a week for two months during hemodialysis. The Betta fish group was allowed to keep Betta fish at home for two months, and they were followed for another two months. The data were evaluated in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 23.0 package program. The study was registered on Clinical Trials (NCT05339711).ResultsDuring robotic cat therapy, patients' loneliness and dialysis symptoms decreased, and happiness and treatment adherence to the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) increased; In the post-test follow-up, in the first measurement, the treatment adherence to the ESRD decreased, the loneliness and dialysis symptoms increased, the happiness did not change; In the second measurement of the post-test, happiness, and treatment adherence to ESRD decreased, loneliness and dialysis symptoms increased. During Betta fish therapy, patients' body mass index, happiness, and treatment adherence to ESRD increased, loneliness and dialysis symptoms decreased; in the first measurement, and loneliness, dialysis symptoms, body mass index, and treatment adherence to the ESRD increased; In the second measurement, loneliness, dialysis symptoms increased, body mass index and happiness decreased.ConclusionsThe study revealed that Robotic cat and Betta fish therapies had positive physiological and psychological effects in hemodialysis patients, and these effects were different from each other.     

精神科临床医护人员幸福感与白测健康及自我和谐的关系研究

目的：了解精神科l临床医护人员幸福感与自测健康及自我和谐的特点以及之间的关系,为精神科管理者提供理论依据。方法：采用总体幸福感量表（GWB）、自测健康评定量表（SRHMS）、自我和谐量表（sccs）进行测量,并做对照研究。结果：精神科医务人员的总体幸福感、自测健康总分以及自我和谐总分男女间无显著性差异;总体幸福感总分与自我和谐总分及其他各因子无显著相关;总体幸福感总分和自测健康总分医生高于护士,有显著性差异;医生与护士的自我和谐总分无显著性差异;综合性医院的总体幸福感、自测健康和自我和谐总分与专科医院无显著差异。结论：精神科临床医护人员的幸福感、自测健康和自我和谐无性别差异;幸福感和自测健康受职业性质的影响。精神科医护人员的心理健康应引起管理者和自身的重视。     

低年资护士工作倦怠及对生活质量与主观幸福感的影响

目的 探讨低年资护士工作倦怠及对生活质量与主观幸福感的影响.方法 126名三级综合医院护龄≤5年、均在临床第一线工作的护士(师)为研究组,同期118名女性健康体检者为对照组.采用工作倦怠量表(MBI)、生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI)、总体幸福感量表(GWBS)进行评估.结果 MBI评分显示:研究组的情绪衰竭(23.74±6.85)分、非人性化(11.87±5.07)分,评分显著高于对照组的(16.25±6.74)分、(8.21±3.11)分,有显著性差异(P＜0.01);而研究组工作成就感评分则显著低于对照组,有显著性差异(P＜0.01).GQOLI评分研究组的总分、躯体功能、心理功能及社会功能评分显著低于对照组,有显著性差异(P＜0.01);而两组物质生活评分则差异不大,无显著性差异(P＞0.05).对照组GWBS评分均高于研究组,除"对健康的担心"因子分外,均有显著性差异(P＜0.01).相关分析显示,护士职业倦怠情绪衰竭、非人性化评分与生活质量总分、躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活及GWBS总分及精力、对生活的满足和兴趣、忧郁或愉快的心境、对情感和行为的控制和松弛与紧张因子呈显著负相关(P＜0.01),而工作成就感评分与此呈显著正相关(P＜0.01).护士职业倦怠情绪衰竭、非人性化评分与GWBS"对健康的担心"因子无显著相关(P＞0.05).结论 低年资护士存在严重的工作倦怠,其生活质量、主观幸福感较差.     

构建"儿童亲情快乐护理模式"的临床研究

目的 通过"儿童亲情快乐护理模式"临床构建,缩短或降低患儿就医过程中的不愉快程度,最大限度达到愉快状态.方法 在设置适合儿童就诊、住院的环境和制造适合儿童心理需求快乐方法 的临床构建过程中,观察、记录并分析患儿入院、出院以及致痛性操作(包括手术)前后生理反应指标和面部表情、动作反应、情绪等心理反应指标以及治疗依从性的变化来评估恐惧程度的变化,疾病康复时间,家长和医生满意度.结果 患儿恐惧程度明显降低,治疗配合程度和依从性大大提高,疾病康复时间不同程度缩短,家长和医生满意度≥98%.结论 "儿童亲情快乐护理模式"可以降低患儿就医过程中的不愉快程度,使其最大限度地达到愉快状态.     

独立学院教师职业幸福感的影响因素及提高对策

十九大以来,国家加大了对教育的投入和关注,对于教育现代化建设起到了很好的推动作用,但对高校教师而言,压力也随之而来.独立学院是比较特殊的高校,独立学院教师群体的幸福感并没有受到社会太多的关注.因此,了解独立学院教师职业幸福感水平及其构成因素,思考如何通过加强高校的人性化管理,提高独立学院教师的职业幸福感是值得研究的课题...     

毕节市留守中学生欺凌行为与主观幸福感的相关性

了解毕节市留守中学生欺凌行为情况及其与主观幸福感的关系,为制定和实施帮扶政策及干预提供参考.方法 采用Olweus儿童欺凌问卷、青少年主观幸福感量表,对多阶段整群分层抽取的毕节市735名留守中学生进行现场调查.结果 留守中学生中,参与欺凌行为检出率为28.71%.男生参与欺凌行为(受欺凌、欺凌、欺凌-受欺凌)的比例均高于女生(x2=25.93,P<0.05);同学关系不好的留守中学生参与欺凌行为检出率高于同学关系好的学生(x2=12.46,P<0.05).友谊满意度、家庭满意度、环境满意度、生活满意度总分及消极情感在不同欺凌角色学生之间差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为12.76,2.86,3.30,5.98,4.72,P值均<0.05).多因素最佳尺度回归分析显示,欺凌行为、同学关系、学习成绩及与父母联系频率对留守中学生主观幸福感均有影响(P值均<0.05).结论 毕节市留守中学生参与欺凌行为比例较高,应从社会、学校、家庭等多个层面建立有效的防控机制,减少欺凌行为的发生,提高其幸福感.     

“I'm afraid I have bad news for you…” Estimating the impact of different health impairments on subjective well-being

Bad health decreases individuals' happiness, but few studies measure the impact of specific illnesses. We apply matching estimators to examine how changes in different (objective) conditions of bad health affect subjective well-being for a sample of 100,265 observations from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) database (1996–2006). The strongest effect is for alcohol and drug abuse, followed by anxiety, depression and other mental illnesses, stroke and cancer. Adaptation to health impairments varies across health impairments. There is also a puzzling asymmetry: strong adverse reactions to deteriorations in health appear alongside weak increases in well-being after health improvements. In conclusion, our analysis offers a more detailed account of how bad health influences happiness than accounts focusing on how bad self-assessed health affects individual well-being.     

Élaboration et qualités psychométriques d’une échelle de bien-être au travail. Étude SERENAT auprès de salariés vus en médecine du travail

BackgroundWell-being at work is nowadays a major public health challenge. It includes, among others, absence of psychological (anxio-depressive) symptoms, perceived positive work conditions (environment and organization), happiness and good quality of life at work. Many studies have shown that social support and control at work protect mental health while high job demands and effort-reward imbalance are risk factors for anxiety and depression. There is currently no global indicator to measure both the state of mental health and social working conditions. The main objective of this work is to construct and explore the psychometric properties of scale of well-being at work called “Serenat” in order to validate it.MethodsThe Serenat Scale is a self-report questionnaire composed of 20 items. All items are scored on a four-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (strongly disagree) to 3 (strongly agree) resulting in a range of 0 to 60. It was constructed from data collected from the literature and from consultations in an Occupational Health Unit. From January 2014 to May 2017 193 subjects who have consulted an occupational doctor are included in this cross sectional survey. Validation included item quality and data structure diagnosis, internal consistency, intraobserver reliability evaluation and external consistency.ResultsThe Serenat scale showed very good item quality, with a maximal non-response rate of 0.01 % per item, and no floor effect. Factor analysis concluded that the scale can be considered unidimensional. Cronbach's alpha of internal consistency was 0.89. The intraclass correlation coefficient for intraobserver reliability was 0.89. Serenat scale was correlated with HADS (r = −0.54; P < 0.001), STAI-Y (r = −0.78; P < 0.001) and BDI-13 (r = −0.57; P < 0.001).ConclusionSerenat's well-being at work scale shows good psychometric properties for final validation. It could be useful to occupational physicians for individual and collective screening.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02905071.