2002年新疆哈巴河县和青河县人群肝包虫病B超筛检报告

为了解新疆阿勒泰地区人群肝包虫病患病近况 ,以囊性包虫声像图特征为诊断标准 ,于 2 0 0 2年对该地区两县居民14 2 5人进行超声检查 ,其中哈巴河县 889人 ,青河县 5 3 6人 ,结果显示 ,肝包虫病人 48例 ,患病率 3 .3 7% ,其中哈巴河县1.91% ,青河县 5 .78% ,差别有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;男女患病率分别为 3 .5 9% ,4.0 3 % ,差别无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;汉族患病率高于哈萨克族 ,差别无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;不同职业组患病率有差别 ,差别有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;在肝包虫病人中 ,青少年和青壮年所占比重最大 ,为 70 .83 %。     

Impact of a cleaners’ strike on compensation claims for asthma among teachers in Ontario

BACKGROUND:

A review of Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) claims in Ontario from 1998 to 2002 showed an unusual spike in the number of claims accepted for work-exacerbated asthma (WEA) in April 2001.

OBJECTIVE:

To identify the cause for the spike in the number of WSIB claims for WEA in April 2001.

METHODS:

File reviews were performed to identify the occupations of workers with claims accepted for WEA in April 2001 compared with claims during March and May 2001, and during the same months in 2000 and 2002.

RESULTS:

In April 2001, there were 61 accepted WEA claims; the most common occupation was ‘teacher’. In contrast, among educational workers, there was only one WEA claim in the previous month and one in the following month. From March to May in the preceding and following years, there were only four and two claims, respectively. The most frequently implicated causative agents were dust and dirt exposure, which were responsible for 98% of claims; the mean (± SD) number of lost workdays was 6.5±10. The only identified environmental change associated with this spike was a cleaners’ strike at all elementary and high schools in the Toronto District School Board in Ontario, which started on March 31, 2001 and ended on May 1, 2001.

CONCLUSION:

The spike in accepted WEA claims in Ontario in April 2001 was temporally associated with a strike by Toronto District School Board cleaners, suggesting acute symptomatic effects of poor workplace (school) maintenance on asthmatic employees. The WSIB database was sufficiently sensitive to capture this phenomenon.     

立法为骑手加装\

了解上海市松江区电动自行车道路交通伤害状况及其影响因素,为电动自行车道路交通伤害的防控提供参考依据。

采用自行设计的调查问卷对上海市松江区西部工业区>16岁骑电动自行车的社区居民开展调查。调查内容包括一般人口学特征、身体及心理状况、电动自行车使用状况、发生事故及受伤状况。通过描述性分析、χ²检验、Fisher精确概率法探讨松江区电动自行车道路交通伤害的影响因素。

本调查发放问卷1 030份,回收有效问卷1 013份,问卷有效率为98.35%。2020年6月—2021年5月上海市松江区西部工业区电动自行车道路交通事故发生率为17.47%,伤害发生率为12.64%。电动自行车事故组与非事故组在性别、户籍、文化程度、睡眠时长、劳累、新规限速25 km‧h^-1、违反交规被处罚、闯红灯、酒后骑行、骑速≥30 km‧h^-1、骑行中打电话、戴耳机、转向无提示、机动车道骑行、车辆使用年限之间的差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。受伤部位前3位依次是四肢骨盆（48.10%）、体表（27.85%）、头部（13.92%）。伤害性质主要为挫伤/擦伤（82.03%）,其次是骨折（17.19%）。

上海市松江区电动自行车道路交通事故发生率较高,应加强电动自行车骑行者交通安全教育,加强道路交通管控,改善电动自行车道路交通伤害发生状况。

     

输液区流程再造的实践应用

输液区是门急诊各科病人接受门诊治疗的主要部门。我院是一所综合性的三甲医院，日门急诊量平均约5《XX)人次。由于病人集中，工作量大，造成病人输液排队，等候时间长，容易产生护患冲突及医疗隐患。针对这种情况，于2(X)3年底扩建了输液区，对输液区的工作流程进行了科学分析     

第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查（2015—2017）抽样工作手册

调查上海市杨浦区12岁儿童患龋状况及相关影响因素,为杨浦区制订儿童口腔疾病预防政策及措施提供相关数据支持。

2021年,按照随机原则在上海市杨浦区随机抽取5所普通初中,采用整群抽样法,从5所初中共抽取839名12周岁儿童作为本次研究的调查对象。调查内容包括口腔健康检查和龋病相关影响因素的问卷调查,使用logistic回归分析儿童患龋的相关影响因素。

共调查839名儿童,纳入有效数据830例。其中男性426人（51.30%）,女性404人（48.70%）。830名儿童中,总患龋人数203人,患龋率为24.46%,龋补充填比为32.60%,龋均为0.63。多因素logistic回归分析,母亲学历大专及以上（OR=0.849,95%CI：0.732~0.984）、刷牙2 次‧d^-1（OR=0.827,95%CI：0.703~0.973）、照顾者自身刷牙2 次‧d^-1（OR=0.843,95%CI：0.726~0.983）是降低患龋率的有效因素。甜点心进食≥1 次‧d^-1（OR=1.397,95%CI：1.197~1.342）、女性（OR=1.482,95%CI：1.347~1.671）是儿童龋病的相关因素。

上海市杨浦区12岁儿童患龋率为24.46%,性别、母亲学历、儿童刷牙次数、甜点心进食频率和照顾者自身刷牙次数是影响患龋率的主要因素。

     

Therapeutic effects of topical 0.03% Tacrolimus ointment in children with refractory vernal keratoconjunctivitis in Middle East

ObjectiveThe purpose of this paper is to review the efficacy and safety profile in children treated with topical 0.03% Tacrolimus ointment for vernal keratoconjunctivitis in Middle East and to propose a treatment posology. According to recent studies, a complex non-IgE dependent mechanism plays a relevant role in the pathogenesis of vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Numerous cells and mediators have been found in the serum, conjunctiva and tears of patients with Vernal keratoconjunctivitis.DesignThis case series included 10 patients from a single centre, pediatric department of a tertiary hospital with active symptomatic vernal keratoconjunctivitis. All the patients had proliferative lesions and corneal involvement despite conventional medications, including topical steroids. All other medications, systemic and topical: steroids, antihistamines and cyclosporine, were unsuccessful. Patients were treated with topical 0.03% Tacrolimus ointment twice daily for 8 weeks and then once a day for the next two month followed by thrice a week for two months. The changes in symptoms and signs after treatment were evaluated, also the development of possible complications was assessed.ResultsThe results showed a significant reduction in signs and symptoms after 4 weeks of the treatment. Clinical resolution of giant papillae and corneal lesions were seen within eight weeks and no additional drug was required during that period, except tear substitutes. Treatment was continued for period of two months and then slowly reduced.ConclusionThe use of 0.03% Tacrolimus ointment is safe and effective in children refractory to conventional treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis even in high temperature climate as Middle East. Due to the effectiveness of the treatment, the dosage used may be proposed for conventional use.     

集装箱检验检疫区域监管机制的建立和运行

目的建立集装箱检验检疫区域监管机制，防范集装箱逃报漏检，防止集装箱携带疫病疫情和有毒有害物质的传入。方法依据有关法律法规和口岸通关现状，对口岸局和指运地局构建集装箱检验检疫区域监管机制和运行情况进行研究。结果经过一年半的试运行，共对127批集装箱实施了区域监管，其中从来自法国、澳大利亚、马来西亚和泰国的入境集装箱中发现疫情11批次。结论集装箱检验检疫区域监管机制，加快了通关速度，提高疫情检出率，促进了港口物流发展，有效服务于中国进出口贸易。     

Aspects of imported malaria at a district general hospital in non-endemic Kuwait,Arabian Gulf

There is no indigenous mosquito-borne transmission of malaria in Kuwait. However, in a five year period at a district general hospital, the number of laboratory-diagnosed cases of malaria increased annually from 25 to 84, a rise of 336%. Except for two induced infections, all were imported, mainly from the Indian subcontinent. Plasmodium vivax was responsible for 87.29% of the cases; P. falciparum (12.05%), a mixed infection of P. vivax and P. falciparum (0.33%) and a case of P. ovale (0.33%) were also identified. Rapid preparation of acetone-fixed, Giemsa-stained thick blood films, a heightened awareness of the infection, examination of multiple samples of blood from patients and the general resurgence of malaria in endemic areas were some of the factors responsible for the high number of cases diagnosed. Most patients were young males and presented with clinical malaria due to P. vivax between May and October each year, an apparent seasonal peak. However, many were already resident in the country for a variable period. Patients with P. falciparum though, presented clinically within two weeks of arrival in the country. Parasite densities were calculated to monitor the progress of treatment and identify quickly any possible chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum strains. A policy of active prophylaxis is suggested to stem the tide of imported malaria.Corresponding author.