硒对碘过量小鼠肝脏I型脱碘酶活性的影响

目的　研究碘过量摄入对小鼠肝脏I型脱碘酶 (IDI)活性的影响及硒的干预作用。方法　将 4 0只Balb c小鼠按体重随机分为 5组 :正常对照组、碘过量I组 (3mg L)、碘过量I+Se(1mg L)组、碘过量II组 (5mg L)以及碘过量II+Se(1mg L)组 ,分别喂饲碘过量水或碘过量 +硒水以及正常鼠饲料。 3个月后 ,取血、尿及脏器测定相关指标。结果　碘过量组小鼠出现了弥漫胶质性甲状腺肿 ;与正常对照组相比 ,两个碘过量的血清TT4水平显著升高 ,而碘过量II组血清TT3水平显著降低 ;碘可显著降低肝硒水平及I型脱碘酶活性 ,补硒可明显增加碘过量小鼠的肝硒储备 ,抑制碘过量I组脱碘酶活性的降低。结论　碘过量摄入降低小鼠肝硒水平及肝脏I型脱碘酶活性 ,可能是引起血清TT4升高、出现甲状腺肿的原因 ,补硒具有一定的干预作用。     

昆明地区成年人2型糖尿病的流行病学研究

目的　了解昆明地区成年人 2型糖尿病患病现状及其特征。方法　采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法对昆明市 14县区 2 0岁及以上的 5 6 2 6名城镇常住居民进行调查。结果　调查人群 2型糖尿病患病率为 2 70 % (标化患病率为 1 5 1% ) ,其中男性患病率 2 17% ,女性患病率为 3 10 % ,女性患病率高于男性 ,且中心城区居民 2型糖尿病患病率高于郊区 ,远高于郊县居民。年龄、超重肥胖、文化程度等是影响 2型糖尿病发生的重要因素。结论　 2型糖尿病是影响昆明城市居民尤其是中老年人健康的重要公共卫生问题 ,应进一步加强预防控制工作。     

2型糖尿病和葡萄糖耐量异常患者游离脂肪酸升高及其意义

目的　观察 2型糖尿病 (DM)和葡萄糖耐量异常 (IGT)患者血清游离脂肪酸 (FFA)的水平 ,探讨FFA与胰岛素(INS)、胰岛素抵抗 (IR)和甘油三酯 (TG)的关系。方法　采用酶法测定 2 0例 2型DM和 2 0例IGT患者口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT) 0和 2h血清FFA水平 ,同步测定血浆葡萄糖 (PG)、血清INS以及空腹TG和胆固醇 (TC) ,并与 2 0例正常人对照。结果　 2型DM和IGT患者OGTT 0和 2hINS均显著高于正常对照组 ,且 2型DM患者INS高于IGT患者 ,P <0 .0 5 ;空腹FFA和胰岛素抵抗指数 (HOMA -IR) 2型DM患者高于IGT患者 ,IGT患者高于正常对照组 ,P <0 .0 1;TG和OGTT 2hFFA 2型DM患者高于IGT患者和正常对照组 ,P <0 .0 5 ,而IGT患者和正常对照组之间比较差异无显著性 ;多元逐步回归显示空腹FFA是HOMA -IR的独立影响因素。结论　不仅 2型DM患者而且IGT患者存在FFA异常升高 ,FFA升高与IR有关 ;2型DM和IGT患者存在IR和脂代谢紊乱 ,FFA反映脂代谢紊乱可能较TG更灵敏的指标     

两株宫颈癌细胞株中HPV16E6/E7蛋白的表达

目的 :探索及检测宫颈癌细胞株 Caski、 Si Ha细胞内 HPV1 6 (16型人乳头瘤病毒 ) E6 /E7蛋白含量 ,筛选宫颈癌基因治疗研究的合适细胞株。方法 :用间接免疫荧光染色及流式细胞术检测 Caski、 Si Ha宫颈癌细胞株中 HPV1 6 E6 、 HPV1 6E7蛋白含量 (荧光强度值 )。结果 :Caski细胞中 HPV1 6 E6 、 HPV1 6 E7蛋白含量分别为 :2 0 .72± 6 .35、 5 6 .80± 4 .30 ;Si Ha细胞中 HPV1 6 E6 、E7蛋白含量分别为 :1.77± 0 .75、 4 9.2 7± 8.0 6。 2细胞株间 HPV1 6 E7蛋白表达量无明显差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :Caski、Si Ha宫颈癌细胞株中 HPV1 6 E6 、E7蛋白的表达是不平行的。Caski细胞适用于以 HPV1 6 E6 ,HPV1 6 E7蛋白为观察对象的研究 ,Si Ha细胞可用于 HPV1 6 E7蛋白的研究 ,但不适宜用于以 HPV1 6 E6 蛋白为观察对象的研究。     

四川省金川县饮水型砷中毒流行病学调查

目的　了解金川县砷中毒的病情及流行特征 ,查明引起砷中毒的高砷来源。方法　对经检测饮水砷含量超标的村进行病情调查 ,同时对该村的地理、地貌、饮用水源及环境中砷污染情况进行调查 ,测定内环境和外环境介质中砷含量。结果　饮水砷含量检测有 3个共饮泉水源超标 ,最高饮水砷含量达 0 2 87mg/L ,超标 5倍多 ;共调查 375人 ,查出患者 6 2人 ,患病率为 16 5 3% ,其中年龄最小 11岁 ,最大 83岁。结论　四川省存在地方性砷中毒。共饮泉水中砷含量超标是引起该病流行的主要因素。由于没有其他环境砷污染 ,水砷含量高是自然形成的 ,因此属于饮水型地方性砷中毒     

A型肉毒毒素治疗大鼠致敏性鼻炎的实验研究

目的　研究A型肉毒毒素 (botulinumtoxin A ,BTX A)对大鼠变应性鼻炎、鼻溢是否有治疗作用及对血管活性肠肽 (vasoactiveintestinalpolypeptide ,VIP)免疫表达的延时性。 方法　用卵清蛋白 (ovalbumin)致敏健康Wistar大鼠 ,制作变应性鼻炎动物模型。将 2 0只大鼠随意分为 3组 ,即对照组 (8只 )、致敏组 (12只 )和致敏后BTX A用药组 (6只 )。观察给予BTX A前后时限大鼠鼻部症状和体征的变化。采用组织学和免疫组织化学方法观察鼻腔黏膜形态学改变以及对VIP表达的影响。结果　 (1)致敏组动物鼻分泌量明显增多。组织学结果显示 :致敏组鼻腔黏膜水肿、腺体增生、嗜酸性粒细胞增多。免疫组织化学结果显示 :致敏组腺体周围VIP纤维密集 ,呈束状。 (2 )致敏后BTX A用药组 ,鼻分泌量逐渐减少 ,致敏后BTX A用药组与致敏组相比鼻分泌量差异有显著性(P <0 0 5 )。组织学结果示 :鼻黏膜上皮完整 ,腺体明显减少 ,腺管萎缩。免疫组织化学结果示 :致敏组动物致敏后BTX A用药组腺体周围VIP纤维减少 ,未见束状VIP纤维。结论　BTX A能缓解变应性鼻炎流涕 ,VIP纤维密度、数量和免疫阳性反应减少 ,能治疗变应性鼻炎的鼻溢症状     

玻璃体腔注射组织型纤维蛋白酶原激活剂诱导玻璃体后脱离的实验研究

目的 :观察对兔眼玻璃腔注射组织型纤维蛋白酶原激活剂 (tissue typeplasminogenactivator,t PA)联合周边视网膜冷凝诱导玻璃体后脱离 (posteriorvitreousdetachment,PVD)的效果。方法 :30只兔随机分为三组 (A、B、C) ,每组 10只兔 ,右眼为实验组 ,左眼为对照组。实验组A组平坦部注入t PA(5 0 μg/ 0 .1ml) ;B组周边视网膜冷凝 平坦部注入t PA(5 0 μg/ 0 .1ml) ;C组行周边视网膜冷凝术 ,2 4h后平坦部注入t PA(5 0 μg/ 0 .1ml) ;对照组方法同实验组 ,眼内注入BSS0 .1ml。术前、术后用裂隙灯、间接检眼镜、VOLK 90D、B超收稿日期 :2 0 0 4-0 3 -2 2 ;修回日期 :2 0 0 4-10 -0 8基金项目 :陕西省自然科学研究基金资助项目 (2 0 0 2C2 80 )。作者简介 :王丽丽 (195 7-) ,女 ,陕西清涧人 ,主任医师 ,研究方向 :玻璃体视网膜疾病。E -mail:wanglili72 2 @sohu .com及视觉电生理 (electroretinograghy ,ERG)进行随访观察 ,最后取眼球标本进行扫描、透射电镜观察。结果 :实验组A组 :玻璃体后脱离 10 % (1/ 10 ) ,与对照组相比无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。B、C组玻璃体部脱离 6 0 % (6 / 10 )和 90 % (9/ 10 ) ,与A组相比差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。对照组均未见玻璃体后脱离。透射电镜观察t PA 5 0 μg对视     

Effect of chronic alcohol consumption on plasma lipid, vitamins A, and E in Korean alcoholics

This human study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chronic alcohol consumption on plasma concentrations of lipid and the antioxidative system in 44 Korean alcoholics and 45 age-, sex-, and nationality-matched nonalcoholic subjects. Plasma triacylglycerols and atherogenic index were higher in alcoholics than in control subjects. Plasma total cholesterol was not different among groups, but plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in alcoholics. There were positive correlations between ethanol consumption and plasma lipid peroxide and atherogenic index in all subjects; there were negative correlations between ethanol consumption and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in all subjects. There were no significant differences between alcoholics and control subjects in plasma concentrations of α-tocopherol, although plasma α-tocopherol/lipid tended to be lower in alcoholics. Plasma retinol was lower in alcoholics. These results suggest that chronic ethanol consumption can contribute to increased risk for vascular diseases in Korean alcoholics.     

α‐crystallin: a review of its structure and function

α‐crystallin, the major protein of the mammalian lens in most species, is an aggregate assembled from two polypeptides, each with a molecular weight around 20,000 Da. It is polydisperse and can be isolated in a variety of forms, including spherical particles with molecular weights ranging upwards from about 200 kDa. Sequence comparisons reveal that it is a member of the small heat shock protein (shsp) family. These proteins are aggregates assembled from polypeptides of 10 to 25 kDa that share a common central domain of about 90 residues (the ‘α‐crystallin domain’) with variable N‐ and Gterminal extensions. α‐crystallin has been intensively studied for more than 50 years but its three‐dimensional structure remains unknown because it has not been possible to obtain crystals for X‐ray studies and it is too large for NMR measurements. Structural information has been derived from a variety of solution studies. Because of the protein's polydispersity, interpretation of data has been difficult. This led to different viewpoints and vigorous debate on its structure and properties. Recently, the crystal structures of two closely‐related small heat shock proteins have been determined. These have provided some insight into the structure of α‐crystallin and explanations of previous observations. Like many other heat shock proteins, α‐crystallin exhibits chaperone‐like properties, including the ability to prevent the precipitation of denatured proteins and to increase cellular tolerance to stress. It has been suggested that these functions are important for the maintenance of lens transparency and the prevention of cataract.     

Cell-cell adhesion molecules and signaling intermediates and their role in the invasive potential of prostate cancer cells

PURPOSE: The highly variable natural history of prostate carcinoma may be reflected in heterogeneity of invasive potential between tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have examined two prostate cancer cell lines of low invasive potential (CAHPV10 and PZHPV7) and three cell lines of high invasive potential (DU-145, PC-3, LNCapFGC), to determine whether specific adhesion molecule profiles correlated with their invasive behavior. RESULTS: Using an in vitro invasion assay, we demonstrated that DU-145, LNCapFGC and PC-3 cells were highly invasive compared with CA-HPV-10 and PZ-HPV-7 cells. LNCapFGC cells expressed high levels of E-cadherin, alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin, desmoglein, desmoplakin and GSK3beta using immunoblotting. This was, in general, comparable to immunohistochemical staining. PC-3 cells had no E-cadherin or alpha-catenin, but expressed a high level of the HGF/SF receptor c-Met. In contrast, DU-145 cells were found to express E-cadherin and low levels for all other protein molecules, except c-Met. The DU-145 cell line also lacked alpha-catenin expression. In CA-HPV-10 and PZ-HPV-7 cells, there was no detection of APC, PECAM-1, P-cadherin or Wnt-1. DU-145, LNCapFGC and PC-3 cells formed cell-cell aggregates, which were reduced by inclusion of anti-E-cadherin antibody and the motogen HGF/SF. CONCLUSION: These results show that prostate cancer cells exhibit a diverse expression of cell-cell adhesion molecules and their signaling intermediates. The expression of these adhesion molecules bears an important relationship with the invasive phenotype of these cells.