磷脂酶C-γ1在高温诱导热休克蛋白70表达中的作用

目的:研究磷脂酶 C -γ1(phospholipaseC -γ1,PLC- γ1)对高温诱导成纤维细胞热休克蛋白70(heat shock protein 70,HSP 70)表达的影响。方法:以基因敲除方法建立的缺失 plcg1 基因(plcg1 / )及野生型(plcg1+/+ )小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞为模型,Western 免疫印迹 增强化学发光法检测它们在高温诱导时的HSP 70表达,并以酶联免疫吸附( ELISA)法做半定量分析,MTT法对比分析两种细胞的热耐受力。结果:两种细胞经43℃与45℃高温诱导 30 min,都能引起HSP 70合成,但plcg1 / 细胞HSP 70表达水平显著低于 plcg1+/+ 细胞,P<0 01;较低温度(41℃)不能诱导 plcg1 / 细胞 HSP 70 表达,却能引起 plcg1+/+ 细胞 HSP - 70 表达,且 pl cg1 / 细胞的热耐力亦明显低于 plcg1+/+ 细胞。结论:PLC- γ1 参与了热诱导成纤维细胞 HSP70表达的信号转导。     

加热和病毒感染对胃癌细胞HSP 70表达及细胞周期的影响

目的:研究加热法及新城疫病毒(NDV)单独或联合体外诱导BGC-823胃癌细胞热休克蛋白70(HSP70)的表达及其意义。方法:通过加热及NDV感染BGC-823胃癌细胞,经倒置显微镜观察细胞形态变化,噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测胃癌细胞的增殖状况,经流式细胞仪分析法及RNA斑点杂交检测感染及加热后细胞凋亡、细胞分裂周期各时相的变化及胃癌细胞HSP70的表达。结果:加热及NDV感染对BGC-823胃癌细胞的杀伤作用明显。加热和感染均可使细胞高表达HSP70及其mRNA,细胞凋亡率增加,G2、S期细胞减少,增殖指数(PI)降低,与阴性对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:加热法与NDV感染法单独或联合应用均可增强胃癌细胞HSP70及其mRNA的表达且有较强的杀瘤作用。     

干扰mTOR表达增强食管鳞癌EC9706细胞对雷帕霉素的敏感性

目的：观察哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)特异性小干扰RNA（mTOR-siRNA）干扰mTOR表达后,食管鳞癌EC9706细胞对雷帕霉素(rapamycin)敏感性的变化。方法：mTOR-siRNA转染EC9706细胞, RT-PCR检测干扰效果。mTOR-siRNA转染前后的EC9706细胞用雷帕霉素处理,Western blotting检测EC9706细胞中mTOR及其下游p70S6K蛋白的表达;流式细胞术检测EC9706细胞的周期及凋亡,CCK-8试剂盒检测EC9706细胞的增殖。结果：mTOR-siRNA下调EC9706细胞中mTOR mRNA的表达（P<0.05或P<0.01);雷帕霉素抑制EC9706细胞中mTOR和p-p70S6K蛋白的表达（P<0.05),并促进p70S6K蛋白表达(P<0.01),且mTOR-siRNA转染后此作用更明显（P<0.05）。雷帕霉素可诱导EC9706细胞凋亡(P<0.01)、抑制EC9706细胞增殖(P<0.05或P<0.01)、使EC9706细胞阻滞于G1期(P<0.01),且mTOR-siRNA转染后这些作用更强（P<0.05）。结论：mTOR-siRNA能特异性下调食管鳞癌EC9706细胞中mTOR表达,提高EC9706细胞对雷帕霉素的敏感性。     

新型分子靶向药物联合放疗在肺癌中的应用

非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)约占肺癌总病例数的80%-85%,对于III期患者 来说,NSCLC约占肺癌总病例数的40%.不可切除III期NSCLC的治疗为以铂类为基础的化疗联合胸部放疗. 本文将综述正在研发中且有可能用于联合治疗的新型靶向制剂.其中最具前景的策略之一为表皮生长因子受 体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)通路的抑制.放疗可激活EGFR信号,通过诱导细胞增殖并增强DNA 修复而导致放疗抵抗.几项临床前模型研究表明西妥昔单抗与放疗联合具有协同效应.几项II期试验评估了西 妥昔单抗与放疗同步使用的安全性与疗效,结果喜人.吉非替尼对多种细胞系具有放疗增敏作用,其与放疗 的联合已被试验用于不可切除III期NSCLC的治疗.然而,放化疗后使用吉非替尼作为维持治疗的结果不容乐 观.一项I期试验评估了厄洛替尼与放化疗联合的疗效.放疗可通过损伤细胞膜、DNA以及微血管内皮细胞而 诱导肿瘤死亡,而这反过来可增加促血管生成生长因子的产生.抗血管生长制剂可降低血管密度,但可改善 肿瘤的含氧量.应用血管内皮生长因子受体(vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, VEGFR)抑制剂可通过阻 断亚致死量辐射损伤的修复而增强放疗对人NSCLC的疗效.厄洛替尼、贝伐珠单抗与胸部放疗联合试验正在 进行中.该三种药物联合治疗的新策略尚需制订.由于放疗可增强HSP90分子伴侣的功能从而引起肺癌细胞的 放疗抵抗,此通路的阻断剂可通过抑制HIF-1α和VEGF的表达进而抑制肺癌细胞的生存和血管生成,因而可能 用于减少放疗抵抗.在NSCLC和间皮瘤的临床前模型中,Aurora激酶抑制剂似乎对放疗具有增效作用.     

热休克蛋白70和90α在人胃癌组织中表达及其与胃癌生物学行为的关系

目的:研究热休克蛋白70和90α在人胃癌组织和正常黏膜组织中的表达,探讨其表达与胃癌生物学行为的关系。方法:41例胃癌组织和相应的正常黏膜组织分别行免疫组织化学染色和RT-PCR检测,分析检测结果。结果:热休克蛋白70和90α在胃癌组织中表达分别为75·6%(31/41)和80·5%(33/41),明显高于正常黏膜组织中的表达,在分化较差的肿瘤类型中表达分别为85·2%和88·9%,高于分化较好的肿瘤类型,在淋巴结转移阳性的病例中分别为82·8%和86·2%,高于淋巴结转移阴性的病例,在TNM分期Ⅲ、Ⅳ期的病例中表达分别为80·6%和83·9%,高于其他分期。结论:热休克蛋白70和90α在胃癌组织中明显表达升高,且在晚期的病例中表达高于相对较早期的病例,与胃癌的生物学行为有关。     

Survival Outcomes of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Elderly Patients with Stage III Colon Cancer

BackgroundThe survival impact of multi-agent (MAC) compared with single-agent (SAC) adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in elderly patients with stage III colon cancer (CC) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to compare survival outcomes of MAC and SAC in this population utilizing the National Cancer Database (NCDB).Patients and MethodsPatients aged ≥70 years with pathological stage III CC diagnosed in 2004-2015 were identified in the NCDB. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted, and Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify associations between MAC vs. SAC and overall survival (OS).ResultsAmong 41 707 elderly patients (≥70 years old) with stage III CC, about half (n = 20 257; 48.5%) received AC; the majority (n = 12 923, 63.8%) received MAC. The median age was 79 (range 70-90). The majority were female (n = 11 201, 55.3%), Caucasians (88%) and had moderately differentiated tumor grade (n = 12 619, 62.3%), tumor size >4 cm (11 785, 58.2%), and negative surgical margins (18 496, 91.3%). Low-risk stage III CC constituted 50.6% (n = 10 264) of the study population. High-risk stage III CC was associated with worse OS compared with low-risk disease (HR 0.35, 0.34-0.36, P < .001). Multi-agent chemotherapy was associated with a better 5-year OS compared with SAC (P < .001). High-risk stage III patients who received MAC vs. SAC had an OS of 4.2 vs. 3.4 years, respectively (P < .001). Low-risk stage III patients who received MAC vs. SAC had a median OS of 8.5 vs. 7 years (P < .001). In univariate and multivariable analyses, male sex, positive surgical margin, insurance and facility types, age, year of diagnosis, tumor size, and Charlson-Deyo score of >2 were associated with worse OS (P < .05).ConclusionsAny adjuvant chemotherapy has a trend of survival benefits. Multi-agent chemotherapy seems to have an enhanced benefit in the 70-75 age group. Multi-agent chemotherapy seemed to have similar efficacy as SAC in those aged >76 years.     

早期丙氨酰谷氨酰胺强化营养对危重病患者热休克蛋白及炎症因子表达的影响

目的 探讨早期丙氨酰谷氨酰胺(Gln)肠外营养对危重病患者热休克蛋白70(HSP70)、白细胞介素6、10(IL-6、IL-10)变化的影响及对机体的保护作用.方法 危重病患者44例,随机分为常规治疗组和Gln组各22例,Gln组给常规营养加Gln 0.4 g·kg-1·d-1,共7 d,比较治疗前后患者体内HSP70、IL-6、IL-10、IL-6/IL-10及APACHEⅡ评分的变化.结果 Gln组治疗后HSP70显著高于治疗前(P＜0.01),IL-6、IL-6/IL-10水平明显下降(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),APACHEⅡ评分显著降低(P＜0.05).而常规治疗组则无上述改变.结论 早期予以危重病患者Gln,可明显提高其体内HSP70的水平,降低IL-6的表达,比常规肠外营养更有利于降低机体应激水平,促进脏器功能恢复.     

热休克蛋白70在两个年龄组前磨牙成牙本质细胞表达的比较研究

目的观察热休克蛋白(HSP)70在前磨牙成牙本质细胞表达的增龄变化特点。方法采用免疫组化法结合图像分析系统,对HSP70在年老组(71~80岁)和年轻组(13~20岁)前磨牙成牙本质细胞和成牙本质细胞胞质中的表达强度进行比较。结果年老组成牙本质细胞内总的HSP70免疫组化染色的平均吸光度值比年轻组降低,而胞质内HSP70免疫组化染色的平均吸光度值平均值比年轻组略高,但无显著性差异。结论年老患者成牙本质细胞抵御急性刺激的能力下降可能与胞核内HSP70表达强度下降有关。     

Histone deacetylase inhibitors inhibit cervical cancer growth through Parkin acetylation-mediated mitophagy

Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays a role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis through targeting damaged mitochondria for mitophagy. Accumulating evidence suggests that the acetylation modification of the key mitophagy machinery influences mitophagy level, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Here, our study demonstrated that inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) by treatment of HDACis activates mitophagy through mediating Parkin acetylation, leading to inhibition of cervical cancer cell proliferation. Bioinformatics analysis shows that Parkin expression is inversely correlated with HDAC2 expression in human cervical cancer, indicating the low acetylation level of Parkin. Using mass spectrometry, Parkin is identified to interact with two upstream molecules, acetylase acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) and deacetylase HDAC2. Under treatment of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), Parkin is acetylated at lysine residues 129, 220 and 349, located in different domains of Parkin protein. In in vitro experiments, combined mutation of Parkin largely attenuate the interaction of Parkin with PTEN induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and the function of Parkin in mitophagy induction and tumor suppression. In tumor xenografts, the expression of mutant Parkin impairs the tumor suppressive effect of Parkin and decreases the anticancer activity of SAHA. Our results reveal an acetylation-dependent regulatory mechanism governing Parkin in mitophagy and cervical carcinogenesis, which offers a new mitophagy modulation strategy for cancer therapy.     

重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子滴眼液联合羟糖甘滴眼液治疗干眼症的成本效果分析

目的 对重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子滴眼液联合羟糖甘滴眼液治疗干眼症进行卫生经济学评价,探讨其成本效果.方法 遵循临床流行病学与卫生经济学的原理和方法,将126例干眼症患者随机分为2组：治疗组接受重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子滴眼液联合羟糖甘滴眼液治疗,对照组单独使用羟糖甘滴眼液治疗,记录临床疗效和费用,计算并比较2组的成本效果.结果 治疗组与对照组的成本效果比（C/E）分别为130.1和165.0,在达到相同的愈显率时,治疗组比对照组节省34.9元,所需药品费用仅为对照组的78.8%;以对照组为基准,增量成本效果比（C/E）为58.5,治疗组每增加1%的愈显率仅比对照组多用0.585元;敏感性分析显示2组的成本效果相对于药品价格波动稳定.结论 重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子滴眼液联合羟糖甘滴眼液治疗干眼症在临床疗效、治疗成本等方面均令人满意,值得在临床上推广应用.