Extra‐hepatic replication and infection of hepatitis E virus in neuronal‐derived cells

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of hepatitis E in humans and a member of the genus Orthohepevirus in the family Hepeviridae. Infection usually leads to acute hepatitis that can become fulminant, particularly among pregnant women and in patients with preexisting liver disease, or may evolve to a chronic state, especially in immunosuppressed individuals. HEV has been shown to produce a range of extra‐hepatic manifestations including aplastic anaemia, acute thyroiditis, glomerulonephritis as well as neurological disorders such as Guillain‐Barré syndrome, neuralgic amyotrophy and encephalitis. The pathogenesis of these neurological injuries remains largely unknown, and it is also uncertain whether or not HEV can directly infect neuronal cells. In this study, we investigated whether HEV is capable of completing the viral life cycle in human neuronal‐derived cell lines such as neuroepithelioma (SK‐N‐MC), desmoplastic cerebellar medulloblastoma (DAOY), glioblastoma multiforme (DBTRG), glioblastoma astrocytoma (U‐373 MG) and oligodendrocytic (M03.13) cells. Following transfection of these cells with HEV Gaussia luciferase reporter virus, all tested cell lines supported HEV RNA replication. Furthermore, extra‐ and intracellular viral capsid was detected by an HEV antigen ELISA as a marker for virus assembly and release. Permissiveness for HEV cell entry could be demonstrated for the oligodendrocytic cell line M03.13. In conclusion, these results indicate that HEV tropism is not restricted to the liver and HEV can potentially complete the full viral life cycle in neuronal‐derived tissues explaining neurologic disorders during HEV infection.     

Characterization of Full Genome of Rat Hepatitis E Virus Strain from Vietnam

We amplified the complete genome of the rat hepatitis E virus (HEV) Vietnam strain (V-105) and analyzed the nucleotide and amino acid sequences. The entire genome of V-105 shared only 76.8%–76.9% nucleotide sequence identities with rat HEV strains from Germany, which suggests that V-105 is a new genotype of rat HEV.     

Tumor-associated high endothelial venules mediate lymphocyte entry into tumors and predict response to PD-1 plus CTLA-4 combination immunotherapy

1. Download : Download high-res image (268KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

     

慢性乙型肝炎重叠戊型肝炎病毒感染与肝炎重症化关系的临床观察

目的 探讨慢性乙型肝炎重叠戊肝病毒（HEV）感染与肝炎重症化的关系。方法 对771例慢性乙肝患进行酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）,放射免疫试验（RIA）和斑点杂交试验检测甲、丙、丁、戊型肝炎病毒感染和肝功能检测。结果 经临床观察、对照和分析。发现重叠HEV感染的慢性乙肝患的重型肝炎发生率和慢性乙肝重度发生率高。结论 提示HBV/HEV重叠感染在肝炎重症化过程中起着重要的作用。     

大理地区戊型肝炎病毒感染病例分析

目的：了解大理地区戊型肝炎病毒（ＨＥＶ） 感染状况。方法：对３９８ 例病毒性肝炎进行血清病原学检测和肝功能检查。结果：ＨＥＶ感染６１ 例（１５－３２％ ） ,其中单纯感染１５ 例（２４－５９ ％ ） ,合并感染４６ 例７５－４１％ ） ,以ＨＢＶ＋ ＨＥＶ感染模式最多见（４４－２３％ ） 。ＨＥＶ合并其它病毒感染后,病情重,黄疸深,恢复慢（ Ｐ＜ ０－０５） 。结论：散发性戊型肝炎不少见,ＨＥＶ可与任何一种或多种肝炎病毒合并感染。如何防治戊型肝炎的重叠感染应引起注意。