Antihyperglycemic,hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of total saponins extracted from Aralia taibaiensis in experimental type 2 diabetic rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

As a well-known traditional Chinese medicine the root bark of Aralia taibaiensis has multiple pharmacological activities, including relieving rheumatism, promoting blood circulation to arrest pain, inducing diuresis to reduce edema, and antidiabetic action. It has long been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of traumatic injury, rheumatic arthralgia, nephritis, edema, hepatitis and diabetes mellitus in China.

Aim of study

To evaluate the antihyperglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of total saponins extracted from Aralia taibaiensis (SAT) in experimental type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) rats.

Materials and methods

Acute toxicity was studied in rats to determine the safe oral dose of SAT. Then, SAT was given orally to normal and streptozotocin–nicotinamide induced T2DM rats at 80, 160 and 320 mg/kg doses for a series of 28 days to determine the antihyperglycemic activity. Glibenclamide (600 μg/kg), a standard antidiabetic drug, was used as a positive control drug. At the end of treatment, biochemical parameters and antioxidant levels were measured to evaluate the hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of SAT.

Results

Oral administration of SAT did not exhibit toxicity and death at a dose not more than 2000 mg/kg. SAT dose-dependently improved the symptoms of polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia and weight loss in diabetic rats. Compared with diabetic control group, administration of 320 mg/kg SAT resulted in significant (P<0.05) fall in the levels of fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, creatinine, urea, alanine transarninase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and malondialdehyde, but significant (P<0.05) increase in the levels of serum insulin, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione. However, SAT did not have any effect on the normal rats.

Conclusions

SAT had excellent antihyperglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities in T2DM rats and might be a promising drug in the therapy of diabetes mellitus and its complications.     

调脂散胶囊治疗高脂血症的实验研究

观察了调脂散胶囊对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂水平及血清过氧化产物的影响,实验结果表明,调脂散胶囊能明显降低总胆固醇TC、甘油三酯TC、低密度脂蛋白LDL－C含量,升高高密度脂蛋HDL－C含量,降低血清MDA含量,说明调脂散胶囊具有调节血脂代谢异常,降低脂质过氧化的作用,能有效防治动脉粥样硬化。     

中药红曲复方制剂降脂作用的实验研究

[目的]探讨中药红曲复方制剂对降低高脂血症模型大鼠血脂水平的疗效。[方法]采用高脂饲料喂养SD大鼠建立预防性高脂血症模型,将实验大鼠分成阴性对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组。连续灌胃给药30d,观察中药红曲复方制剂对高脂血症大鼠血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的影响。[结果]与阴性对照组比较,高脂饲料连续喂养30d后,模型对照组大鼠血清TG、TC和LDL-C显著升高(P0.01);与模型对照组比较,给药30d后,阳性对照组TG、TC和LDL-C显著降低(P0.05);低剂量组大鼠血清TG显著降低(P0.05),中剂量组和高剂量组血清TG、TC和LDL-C显著地降低(P0.01);各剂量组大鼠血清HDL-C无统计学差异(P0.05)。[结论 ]中药红曲复方制剂可有效控制并降低血脂水平。     

健康人性格类型与血清脂蛋白组分胆固醇相关性的研究

本文报告对1548名健康人性格类型与血清脂蛋白组分胆固醇的关系进行观察,结果表明A型性格者HDL-C、HDL_2-C、HDL_3-C、HDL_2-C/HDL_3-C均明显低于非A型性格者,而LDL-C/HDL-C则相反。性格类型对LDL-C和VLDL-C无明显影响。不同性别、年龄、职业人群观察结果相似。研究结果说明,A型性格易患冠心病的结论是可信的,性格类型影响血清脂蛋白组分胆固醇水平而发生致病作用可能是原因之一。     

Fine particulate matter and incidence of metabolic syndrome in non-CVD patients: A nationwide population-based cohort study

Background

It has been reported that particulate matter (PM) is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) while metabolic syndrome is also an important risk factor for CVD. However, few studies have investigated the epidemiological association between PM and metabolic syndrome.

氟伐他汀治疗50例冠心病伴高脂血症的临床疗效分析

目的分析与探讨采用氟伐他汀对冠心病伴高脂血症的治疗效果。方法选取本院2009年8月至2011年8月期间收治的冠心病伴高脂血症患者共50例,对其给予氟伐他汀40mg进行治疗,疗程持续6周,观察患者在治疗前与治疗后的TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C以及肝肾功能、血糖值、12导联静息心电图等,观察治疗效果。结果通过6周的治疗后,患者的TC降低有效率为29.0%,TG降低有效率为32.2%,LDL-C降低有效率为30.5%,HDL-C升高有效率为37.0%,治疗前后差异性具有统计学意义。患者合并冠心病的症状在通过6周的治疗后,有明显的好转。结论采用氟伐他汀对冠心病合并高脂血症患者进行治疗疗效良好,不良反应少,值得在临床上进行推广与应用。     

硫氮酮和异搏定治疗高血压时的血脂变化

53例原发性高血压患者,随机分为两组,分别用硫氮酮(diltiazem)和异搏定(verapamil)治疗,疗程4周。用双盲法观察降压效果和血脂改变。结果两组均示有明显降压效果,硫氮(艹卓)酮的降压效果又明显大于异搏定。治疗后的血脂改变,两组均显示有:HDL-C,HDL-C/TC比值,HDL_C/LDL-C比值和ApoAl的升高,且两组间比较无显著差异。这些改变均有利于防止动脉粥样硬化,故认为,两者对血脂代谢的影响虽相似,但硫氮(艹卓)酮对心脏抑制作用较异搏定为轻,降压疗效较异搏定为佳,故在治疗高血压时,硫氮(艹卓)酮更值得推广应用。     

中性粒细胞与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值对急性心肌梗死病人院内主要心血管不良事件的预测价值

目的探讨中性粒细胞与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇( HDL-C)的比值( NHR)对 AMI病人发生院内 MACE的预测价值以及 NHR与 Gensini评分量化的冠状动脉病变严重程度、左室射血分数( LVEF)量化的心脏泵功能的潜在关联。方法纳入 2018年 1月至 2022年 1月东南大学附属中大医院住院并接受冠状动脉造影的 546例 AMI病人。收集人口统计学数据、临床资料及计算 Gensini评分,依据住院期间是否发生 MACE,分为 MACE组( n=105)和非 MACE组( n=441)。使用受试者操作特征曲线(ROC曲线)检验 NHR预测院内 MACE的能力,并确定最佳截断值。使用多因素 logistic回归分析院内 MACE的影响因素,时,采用线性回归分析 NHR对 Gensini评分、 LVEF值的影响,并通过 Graphpad prism绘图进行可视化处理。院内 MACE定义同为:住院死亡、心源性休克、致血流动力学紊乱的恶性心律失常(包括室颤、持续性室速、高度及三度房室传导阻滞)等。结果MACE组的 NHR［13.64(9.89,18.19)］显著高于非 MACE组［7.73(5.83,10.07)］并且 NHR对 AMI病人院内 MACE具有较强的预测价值［AUC:0.84,95%CI:(0.79,0.88),P<0.001］调整混杂因素后,多因素二元,logistic回归分析显示 NHR是 AMI病人院内MACE的独立危险因素［OR:1.29,95%CI:(1.16,1.43),P<0.001］。线性回归分析显示 NHR与 AMI病人 Gensini评分呈显著正相关( P<0.001)与 LVEF呈显著负相关( P<0.001)。结论,本研究证实 NHR是 AMI病人院内 MACE的有力预测指标,是院内MACE的独立危险,因素之一,与 Gensini评分量化的冠状动脉病变严重程度呈显著正相关,与 LVEF量化的心脏泵功能呈显著负相关,可用于早期识别 AMI病人院内 MACE的高危人群,辅助临床诊疗。