多囊卵巢综合征患者外周血生长激素水平测定

为了解多囊卵巢综合征肌（ＰＣＯＳ）患者生长激素（ＧＨ）水平，对２１例（肥胖１０例，非肥胖１１例）ＰＣＯＳ患者进行外周血ＧＨ测定，并以２６名（肥胖１２名、非肥胖１４名）正常月经周期妇女作对照。结果：（１）ＰＣＯＳ患者ＧＨ含量（肥胖组０．９１±０．３５ｐｇ／Ｌ，非肥胖组１．３４±０．４９μｇ／Ｌ）较相应正常对照组（肥胖组１．８６±０．５８μｇ／Ｌ，非肥胖组２．１１±０．８８μｇ／Ｌ）降低（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５）。（２）ＰＣＯＳ患者肥胖组较非肥胖组ＧＨ明显降低。认为ＰＣＯＳ患者伴ＧＨ相对不足，可能与下丘脑生长抑素活性、肥胖和高胰岛素血症有关     

Urinary growth hormone excretion in post-menarcheal adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes

The aim of the present study was to compare measurements of urinary growth hormone (GH), serum insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) between two groups of post-menarcheal girls, 13–18 y of age, one comprising 64 type 1 diabetic patients and the other 64 healthy girls matched for age and stage of puberty. GH was determined on two occasions in nocturnal urine samples by using a modification of an immunoradiometric method for serum. Significantly higher urinary GH concentrations but lower IGF-I and IGFBP3 levels were found in diabetic girls than in controls ( p < 0:001). A significant correlation was found between urinary GH concentrations and the daily dose of insulin (U kg ⁻¹) ( r = 0:426, p = 0:003). Urinary GH concentrations were also significantly related to HbA1c ( r = 0:380, p = 0:003). In conclusion, disturbances of the GH-IGF-I axis may be evaluated by the use of non-invasive urinary GH measurements, which is a simple alternative to frequent sampling of serum GH. Increased GH secretion seems to be related to a great need for insulin and poor metabolic control. More knowledge about underlying causal factors in the disturbed GH-IGF-I axis is required.     

Extraction and Purification of Hepatocyte Growth Factor of New-Born Calf

新生小牛肝经组织匀浆、加热和离心制得粗制的肝细胞生长因子（ＨＧＦ），然后经过超滤、ＤＥＡＥＤＥ５２纤维层析，Ｓｕｐｅｒｏｓｅ１２凝胶过滤，ＭｏｎｏＱ离子交换层析和高效液相色谱进行分离提纯，用３Ｈ标记的胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入法在人肝瘤ＳＭＭＣ７２２１细胞株上检测提纯的新生小牛肝细胞生长因子的生物学活性，得到一分子量为（１２～１４）×１０３的有促进肝细胞有丝分裂的有效成分。显而易见此ＨＧＦ的分子量不同于循环在血浆中的ＨＧＦ的分子量。本文对２种ＨＧＦ的不同作用进行了讨论。     

念珠菌在人唾液中生长及蛋白酶表达情况的研究

目的：了解念珠菌在人唾液中生长及分泌型天冬氨酸蛋白酶（SAP）表达情况。方法：分别用添加0．2M葡萄糖的人唾液振荡培养白色念珠菌，热带念珠菌及季也蒙念珠菌，定时取样测定生长量，pH值，胞外蛋白酶活性及唾液总蛋白浓度，结果：三种念珠菌在含糖唾液中均生长良好且都能产生SAP，蛋白酶表达水平存在种间差异，念珠菌生长速率，唾液pH变化及总蛋白含量降低幅度与菌株SAP表达程度基本一致。结论：SAP很可能在口腔念珠菌病发生过程中起致病作用。     

Reduced loading due to spinal-cord injury at birth results in “slender” bones: a case study

Introduction The present case study compared bone density, bone geometry and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) in a male who sustained spinal-cord injury (SCI) at birth (from here called SCI-B) with two matched controls without SCI, and also with four individuals with SCI of similar level and injury completeness but sustained at age 15 or greater. Methods All subjects with SCI were at least 3 years post-injury and had experienced motor incomplete lesions at the cervical level. Computed tomography was used to measure volumetric bone density, indices of bone strength [CSA and maximum, minimum and polar area moments of inertia (I _max, I _min, I _pol)] and muscle CSA at the tibia (66% of tibia length, measured proximally from the distal end). Results Lower leg muscle CSA of SCI-B was 63±6% of values in non-SCI controls, and 72±12% of values in other males with SCI. In SCI-B, bone CSA was roughly half (52±4%) that of non-SCI controls and 73±16% of bone CSA values in other males with SCI. The magnitudes of the area moment of inertia variables (I _max, I _min, and I _pol) in SCI-B were ~25% of control values. Further, the moment of inertia variables in SCI-B were 27–54% of values obtained in other males with SCI, indicating that experiencing SCI in the early stages of life has a remarkable impact on bone shape. Interestingly, tibia bone density did not appear to be affected; the average difference in bone density between SCI-B and non-SCI controls was −1.2±0.7%. The bone densities of other males with SCI were 4–19% lower than in SCI-B. Conclusions Muscle atrophy and bone loss are commonly reported consequences of SCI. This case reveals that important changes in bone geometry occur after SCI, and that mechanical loading during growth plays a vital role in the development of bone size and shape.     

Sex-specific pain modulation: The growth factor,neuregulin-1, as a pro-nociceptive cytokine

An increasing amount of evidence indicates that there are significant sex differences in clinical and experimental pain sensitivity in men and women. While it is now clear that the endogenous sex steroids are involved in mediating these sex differences, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie their effects on nociceptive sensitivity remain elusive. Recent studies have shown that sex steroids are potent regulators of gene expression in glial cells, particularly astrocytes. This review specifically highlights some of the evidence of sex steroid regulation of growth factor expression. Growth factors have been shown to be potent pro-nociceptive mediators in rodents. Thus, regulation of their expression by sex steroids may be a general mechanism by which sex steroids exert their effect on pain sensitivity. One such mechanism, the progesterone specific regulation of the growth factor, neuregulin-1, following nerve root injury in the rat, is described in detail. Neuregulin-1 expression is increased in spinal cord astrocytes only in female rats with circulating progesterone. Neuregulin-1 has also been shown to produce transient tactile allodynia when delivered intrathecally in rats. Our understanding of growth factor regulation by sex steroids promises to open up new avenues of investigation into the mechanisms that drive sex differences in pain sensitivity.     

The influence of steroid therapy and recombinant human erythropoietin on the growth of children with renal disease

Long-term steroid therapy has a depressant effect on hypothalamo-pituitary pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH), and this results in an attenuated pubertal growth spurt. Oxandrolone and recombinant human GH improve growth rates in children taking long-term steroid therapy for renal disease, but there are potential side effects. Treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin improved the growth of three prepubertal, but not three pubertal haemodialysis patients.     

Synergistic effect of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and clonidine in stimulating GH release in young and old dogs

The effect of acute administration of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), clonidine (CLO), an alleged GHRH releaser, or GHRH and clonidine given simultaneously was studied in young and old dogs. Simultaneous administration of CLO induced in young dogs an additive effect on GH release and potentiated in old dogs the GHRH-induced GH release, with the GH response being clearly higher than the sum of the GH responses to GHRH or CLO alone. These data suggest that CLO promotes GH release in the dog also by inhibition of somatostatin release.     

1457名城乡中专学生生长发育及常见病浅析

本文对１４５７名城乡中专学生的体检结果分析表明，其在校学习时期生长发育指标均值有一定幅度的上升，但１９９７年男女学生的视力低下率城市达７９．５％、９０．７％，乡村为７０．９％、８２．０％，较１９９５年有所上升。学生生长发育水平乡村较同龄城区学生为低。沙眼感染率乡村男女生为５３％、３７．０％，高于城市男女生（３３．０％、１８．２％）。