高压氧综合治疗糖尿病性胃轻瘫患者的疗效观察

目的观察高压氧（HBO）联合吗丁啉综合治疗对糖尿病性胃轻瘫患者胃动素及胃排空时间的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将2000年10月至2004年10月间连续人院的糖尿病性胃轻瘫患者112例随机分为高压氧组和对照组各46例，HBO组在给予吗丁啉（每次10mg，每天3次，连用4周）的基础上加用HBO治疗，HBO采用多人氧舱，在舱内停留120min，压力为0．25MPa（2．5ATA），戴面罩吸人纯氧60min（30min各2次，中间休息10min吸人舱内空气），10次为1个疗程，共3个疗程，每疗程间隔3～5d（排除HBO治疗禁忌证）。对照组为单纯吗丁啉，每次10mg，每天3次，连用4周。45d分别对两组患者治疗前后胃动素、空腹血糖、胃排空时间及症状的改善各项指标进行研究对比。结果HBO组和对照组总有效率分别为92．9％和76．8％，症状的改善、胃动素及胃排空时间治疗组均优于对照组，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论糖尿病性胃轻瘫患者在服用吗丁啉的基础上应用HBO可降低胃动素、加速胃排空时间，对临床症状的改善具有积极作用。     

皮质发育障碍模型的建立及其致痫敏感性的研究

目的:建立皮质发育障碍模型,探讨皮质发育障碍模型的敏感性。方法:在SD大鼠孕17d腹腔注入1,3-二氯乙烯-亚硝基脲(BCNU)制作皮质发育障碍模型;Nissl染色观察P60d仔鼠病理变化;选取P60d雄性仔鼠,腹腔注射氯化锂-毛果芸香碱,分别比较两组大鼠癫发生的潜伏期、持续状态时间和死亡率。结果:同龄仔鼠脑组织湿重实验组比对照组显著减轻(P<0.01);Nissl染色显示皮质变薄、皮质层次紊乱、海马区域异位细胞异常聚集;有皮质发育障碍的仔鼠注射氯化锂-毛果芸香碱后,癫发生的潜伏期显著缩短(P<0.01),癫持续状态时间延长(P<0.01),死亡率显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:BCNU致皮质发育障碍模型具有癫易感性。     

hs-CRP、TAS联合血脂检测在早老性痴呆症诊断中的应用研究

[目的]研究超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、总抗氧化状态（TAS）联合血脂检测在早老性痴呆症诊断中的应用价值：[方法]选择浦东新区精神卫生中心早老性痴呆专科门诊患者54例，作超敏C反应蛋白、总抗氧化状态与血脂检测。[结果]与对照组比较，实验组hs-CRP、TAS差异非常显著，t1=4．55，t2=2．79，P1〈0．001，P2〈0．01；血脂中甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白B、Lp（a）差异显著；t1=3.01，P1〈0．01，t2=2．21，P2〈0．05，t3=2．64，P3〈0．01，t4=1．91，P4〈0．05。[结论]超敏C反应蛋白、总抗氧化状态联合血脂（甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白B、Lp（a））检测对实验室诊断早老性痴呆症具有较好敏感性和特异性，临床应用前景乐观。     

Prevalence of vitamin D depletion among morbidly obese patients seeking gastric bypass surgery

BACKGROUND: Abnormalities in calcium and vitamin D metabolism have been reported after bariatric surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate vitamin D nutritional status among morbidly obese patients before gastric bypass surgery. METHODS: We prospectively studied 279 morbidly obese patients seeking gastric bypass surgery for vitamin D nutritional status as assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level. In addition, serum samples were analyzed for calcium, alkaline phosphatase (AP), intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. RESULTS: Mean patient age was 43 +/- 9 years; 87% of the study patients were women, and 72% were white. Serum calcium and AP levels were normal in 88% and 89% of the patients, respectively. Vitamin D depletion, defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level 相似文献   

Insurance-mandated preoperative dietary counseling does not improve outcome and increases dropout rates in patients considering gastric bypass surgery for morbid obesity

BACKGROUND: Preoperative dietary counseling (PDC) before bariatric surgery is mandated by a growing number of insurance payers. Their claim is that PDC improves outcomes and postoperative compliance. We compared outcomes of GBP patients undergoing a mandatory 13 weeks of PDC (n = 72) to a contemporaneous group of patients with no such requirement (no-PDC; n = 252) who underwent operation between January 2000 and December 2002. METHODS: The PDC and no-PDC groups were characterized by similar male:female ratios (1:4 vs 1:4.6), mean age (42 years), mean body weight (324 lb vs 309 lb), and mean body mass index (BMI) (52 kg/m2 vs 50 kg/m2). The PDC group had a higher incidence of obstructive sleep apnea compared with the no-PDC group (41% vs 28%; P < .04) but otherwise the two groups had similar incidences of obesity-related comorbidities. The presurgery dropout rate was 50% higher in the PDC group than in the no-PDC group (28% vs 19%; P < .05). RESULTS: At 1 year follow-up, the no-PDC patients had a statistically greater percentage excess weight loss (67% vs 60%; P < .0001), lower BMI (32 vs 35; P < .015), and lower body weight (197 vs 218; P < .01). Resolution of major comorbidities, complication rates, 30-day postoperative mortality, and postoperative compliance with follow-up were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The data demonstrate that insurance-mandated PDC is an obstacle to patient access for surgical treatment of severe obesity and has no impact on weight loss outcome or postsurgical compliance. PDC should be abandoned by the insurance industry.     

Prevalence of H pylori associated 'high risk gastritis' for development of gastric cancer in patients with normal endoscopic findings

INTRODUCTION H pylori infection is an established risk factor for development of gastric cancer[1,2]. According to the model of carcinogenesis of the intestinal type adenocarcinoma proposed by Correa, the multi-step development starts from the condition o…     

气雾熏蒸法与浸泡消毒法消毒吸痰管效果比较

目的比较2%强化戊二醛(下称戊二醛)气雾熏蒸法与浸泡消毒法消毒吸痰管的效果.方法消毒按5周期(1个周期12 d)进行,每周期将200根使用过的吸痰管经初步处理,即5% 84消毒液浸泡30 min后清水冲洗干净晾干.将每周期200根吸氮管随机均分为实验组和对照组,实验组采用戊二醛原液气雾熏蒸法消毒4 h,对照组采用戊二醛原液浸泡消毒30 min,12 d为1个周期.两组分别于第1、6、12天对消毒后的吸痰管及消毒过程中的戊二醛采样行细菌菌落数计数,并观察有无细菌生长.结果两组每周期第1、6天吸痰管和消毒液标本均未检测出细菌,且无致病微生物生长;每周期第12天对照组吸痰管和消毒液标本均检测出细菌,实验组未检测出细菌.结论气雾熏蒸法消毒灭菌效果可靠,具有节约开支、使用方便、有利于吸痰管的保存与放置等优点.     

IMPROVED BALLOON‐TIPPED TRANS‐ANAL ILEUS TUBE

Background: For management of bowel obstruction due to colorectal cancer, endoscopic trans‐anal decompression technique has been first reported by Lelcuk et al. in 1986 using balloon dilatation technique. Since then, various types of trans‐anal decompression tubes have been clinically used for patients suffering from left side obstructing colorectal cancer as an emergent decompressing device. At present, two types of trans‐anal ileus tube (trans‐anal decompression tube) have been available for clinical use, but they have two main problems that are late colon perforations caused by the tip of the tube and tube obstruction by stool. Methods: Analysis on three late colon perforations experienced with the use of conventional devices drew possible improvements to make a trans‐anal ileus tube less harmful. To overcome the pitfalls inherent to conventional tubes, the author has developed an improved trans‐anal ileus tube with a balloon installed at the very end of the tube (‘balloon‐tipped type’) made of silicone, measuring 1200 or 1700 mm in total length and 22 Fr in outer diameter. It has been used for 12 cases with obstructing colorectal cancer etc. and its outcomes were compared with those obtained by the use of conventional trans‐anal ileus tube. Results: No late perforations have been encountered, but tube obstruction did occur in one of 12 cases. Conclusion: The new trans‐anal ileus tube with a balloon installed at the tip of ileus tube is considered to be safer and especially effective in preventing late colon perforation and tube obstruction.