益母草总碱对小鼠前列腺增生模型的影响

目的:探讨益母草总碱对小鼠前列腺增生模型的影响。方法:昆明种雄性小鼠连续3周sc丙酸睾酮5 mg.kg-1.d-1,造前列腺增生模型,将模型小鼠分为5组,分别ig 160,80,40 mg.kg-1的益母草总碱液,450 mg.kg-1癃闭舒胶囊混悬液和同体积的生理盐水,另设一组空白组给同体积生理盐水;每天给药1次,连续给药30 d。末次给药1 h后处死小鼠,观察益母草总碱对前列腺指数,对前列腺、睾丸、附睾、胸腺、脾脏组织形态的影响。结果:与前列腺增生模型组比,益母草总碱160,80,40mg.kg-1可显著降低前列腺增生模型小鼠前列腺指数,前列腺指数分别为(0.53±0.14),(0.51±0.11),(0.64±0.18)mg.g-1;可显著减改善前列腺增生伴发的睾丸、附睾病变;益母草总碱160,80,40 mg.kg-1可显著改善前列腺增生伴发的胸腺、脾脏萎缩,胸腺皮质厚度及淋巴细胞数分别为(24.16±2.22),(26.28±3.20),(26.32±3.31)μm及(60.3±4.5),(68.2±5.2),(53.3±4.2)个,脾小结及淋巴细胞数分别为(14.18±2.32),(16.14±3.04),(29.26±3.52)μm及(17.2±2.0),(15.3±3.1),(28.3±3.4)个。结论:益母草总碱对丙酸睾酮所致的小鼠前列腺增生模型有好的治疗作用。     

翅柄铁线蕨治疗小鼠实验性良性前列腺增生有效部位的筛选

目的:研究翅柄铁线蕨对良性前列腺增生（BPH）模型小鼠的治疗作用,并筛选其有效部位。方法:皮下注射丙酸睾酮连续21d复制小鼠BPH模型,同时给药组分别灌胃给予翅柄铁线蕨总提取物及不同极性部位（石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇）(600mg·kg^-1·d^-1)。于末次给药后禁食,于次日剥离前列腺组织,称取前列腺湿质量,计算前列腺指数并进行病理学观察。结果:总提取物和乙酸乙酯部位组前列腺指数明显减小（P<0.05）,各用药组前列腺组织病理学变化均有不同程度的改善,其中乙酸乙酯部位组对BPH小鼠前列腺病理学改善效果最显著。结论:翅柄铁线蕨对BPH有一定的疗效,其中乙酸乙酯部位效果最好,初步确定为翅柄铁线蕨治疗BPH的有效部位。     

噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗/氟替卡松对慢阻肺稳定期患者肺功能影响

目的:探讨联合吸入噻托溴铵和沙美特罗/氟替卡松对稳定期中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺功能的影响。方法:60例稳定期中重度COPD患者随机分成两组,治疗组给予噻托溴铵及沙美特罗/氟替卡松吸入治疗12周,对照组给予沙美特罗/氟替卡松吸入治疗12周,比较两组治疗前后肺功能主要指标变化及急性发作次数。结果:两组治疗后肺功能均明显改善,治疗组较对照组FEV1/FVC及FEV1占预计值百分比改善更明显(P<0.05);治疗后治疗组急性发作次数较对照组明显减少(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率分别为14.3%和11.1%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:吸入噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗/氟替卡松更有效改善肺功能,减少患者急性发作次数。     

沙美特罗联合丙酸氟替卡松吸入剂对老年稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病的治疗作用的临床分析

目的研究沙美特罗／丙酸氟替卡松吸入剂对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病老年患者的治疗效果。方法对我院收治的100例符合条件的老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者随机分成两组,每组50人,在综合治疗的基础上,实验组使用沙美特罗联合丙酸氟替卡松吸入剂进行治疗,对照组使用丙酸倍氯米松进行治疗,治疗90天后对两组患者进行一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、用力肺活量（FVC）、FEV／FVC及FEV1占预计值比例等肺通气功能的测试和呼吸困难症状MRC量表评价。结果两组患者通气困难症状均有不同程度的改善,实验组患者MRC评分（3．84±0．78）、FEV1（1．54±0．43）、FEV／FVC（69．37±5．12）％等均优于对照组[（4．15±0．82）,（1．47±0．42）,（64．36±4．98）％1其差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论沙美特罗联合丙酸氟替卡松吸入剂能有效改善老年稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的肺功能,缓解通气困难症状,提高其生活质量。     

沙美特罗替卡松联合噻托溴铵治疗COPD的疗效

目的观察沙美特罗替卡松联合噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的疗效。方法入选的60例COPD患者随机分为观察组和对照组,两组各30例。对照组采用沙美特罗替卡松（舒利迭,50／500μg,英国葛兰素史克公司生产）治疗;观察组联合应用噻托溴铵（思力华,18μg／粒,德国勃林格殷格翰药业有限公司）。结果治疗6个月后,观察组的临床症状评分为（7．2±2．3）分,对照组为（4．0±1．6）分,两组比较差异显著（P〈0．05）。观察组的总有效率（93．33％）明显高于对照组（73．33％）,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组患者均未见明显的不良反应。结论沙美特罗替卡松联合噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的疗效确切,能明显改善临床症状,安全性好,值得广泛推广和应用。     

丙酸睾酮对大肠杆菌RecQ解旋酶结构和功能的影响

目的研究体外丙酸睾酮对大肠杆菌RecQ解旋酶结构和功能的影响及二者的相互作用机制。方法分别运用荧光偏振技术、ATPase试剂盒和紫外吸收光谱技术分析丙酸睾酮对大肠杆菌RecQ解旋酶活性和DNA结合活性、AT-Pase活性和构象的影响。结果丙酸睾酮能够影响E.coliRecQ解旋酶的活性。低浓度促进解旋酶活性,高浓度抑制;抑制RecQ解旋酶与dsDNA的结合活性,其抑制常数Ki小于7×10-5 nmol.L-1;对与ssDNA结合活性的Ki为7×10-3 nmol.L-1;对ATPase活性抑制作用的时间相关性较弱;影响RecQ解旋酶的构象变化,但峰位无偏离。结论提示丙酸睾酮与RecQ解旋酶具有弱相互作用,二者具有两个结合位点。     

The effects of tricentric chromium(III) propionate complex supplementation on pregnancy outcome and maternal and foetal mineral status in rat

Chromium(III) is an essential element for carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and various chemical forms of this element are widely used as dietary supplements. Of particular interest is [Cr₃O(O₂CCH₂CH₃)₆(H₂O)₃]⁺ cation (CrProp), that has been proposed as an alternative source of Cr. However, its safety has not been studied completely. In this study we investigated the effects of CrProp supplementation on pregnancy outcome and maternal and foetal mineral status in the rat. Female Wistar rats (n = 20, 14 weeks old) were mated with males and, after successful conception were fed either AIN-93G diet supplemented with CrProp (100 mg Cr/kg diet, equals to 7.2 mg Cr/kg body mass/day) or non-supplemented diet (0.27 mg Cr/kg diet, equals to 0.02 mg Cr/kg body mass/day) for 21 days. Dams were sacrificed on 21 day of gestation, and their foetuses were examined for adverse effects. Maternal and foetal organs were analysed for minerals contents (Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr) using the AAS-method. Supplemental Cr given did not affect pregnancy outcome, litter size, body and inner organ masses, maternal blood biochemical indices. No abnormalities in gross organ morphology of foetuses were detected. Supplemental CrProp increased maternal liver and kidney Cr levels by 177% and 455%, decreased liver Cu and Zn concentrations by 9% and 12%, increased foetal liver Zn by 181%, and decreased kidney Cu level by 34%.     

沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂治疗中重度儿童哮喘48例疗效观察

目的：观察沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂治疗儿童哮喘的疗效。方法：48例患儿,给予沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入,50μg／100μg／次,每日2次。观察治疗前、治疗1月、3月的呼气峰流速值（PEF）及其占个人预计值的百分比。结果：治疗前患儿PEF值占预计值的百分比与治疗1月后比较差异有统计学意义,治疗3月与治疗前及治疗1月时相比差异亦有统计学意义。治疗3月后病人主观感受明显好转占89．5％,无加重及恶化病人。治疗过程中有3例出现轻微不良反应。结论：沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入治疗儿童中重度哮喘,能够有效控制症状,显著提高哮喘患者的生活质量,不良反应小。     

Combination of fluticasone propionate and salmeterol potentiates the suppression of cigarette smoke-induced IL-8 production by macrophages

Cigarette smoke is the major risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Macrophages are suggested to orchestrate the chronic inflammatory response and tissue destruction associated with COPD by secreting interleukin (IL)-8, a major neutrophil chemoattractant. The combination of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonists are increasingly used as maintenance therapy in patients with COPD. The aim of this study was to determine whether combined fluticasone propionate, a corticosteroid, and salmeterol, a long-acting beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonist, can suppress IL-8 production by human macrophages. To mimic resident macrophages in the lung, human monocytes were cultured for 5 days in medium containing Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) and Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (M-CSF). In human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages, we found that cigarette smoke medium strongly enhanced IL-8 release in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. IL-8 release by cigarette smoke was significantly suppressed in a concentration-dependent manner by fluticasone and salmeterol. Coincubation of the drugs potentiated the inhibitory effect on cigarette smoke medium-induced IL-8 production and longer preincubation times resulted in more IL-8 inhibition. Interestingly, preincubation of cells with suboptimal concentration of salmeterol for 4 h before fluticasone administration for 30 min potentiates the inhibitory effect of fluticasone on IL-8 release. In conclusion, combination therapy may provide benefits over monotherapy for the treatment of COPD patients.