Effects of Thiamin Restriction on Exercise-Associated Glycogen Metabolism and AMPK Activation Level in Skeletal Muscle

This study aimed to investigate the direct influence of a decrease in the cellular thiamin level, before the onset of anorexia (one of the symptoms of thiamin deficiency) on glycogen metabolism and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation levels in skeletal muscle at rest and in response to exercise. Male Wistar rats were classified as the control diet (CON) group or the thiamin-deficient diet (TD) group and consumed the assigned diets for 1 week. Skeletal muscles were taken from the rats at rest, those that underwent low-intensity swimming (LIS), or high-intensity intermittent swimming (HIS) conducted immediately before dissection. There were no significant differences in food intake, locomotive activity, or body weight between groups, but thiamin pyrophosphate in the skeletal muscles of the TD group was significantly lower than that of the CON group. Muscle glycogen and lactate levels in the blood and muscle were equivalent between groups at rest and in response to exercise. The mitochondrial content was equal between groups, and AMPK in the skeletal muscles of TD rats was normally activated by LIS and HIS. In conclusion, with a lowered cellular thiamin level, the exercise-associated glycogen metabolism and AMPK activation level in skeletal muscle were normally regulated.     

Young adults' healthcare utilisation and healthcare needs: Perceptions and experiences of healthcare providers

BackgroundHealth care in many countries entails long waiting times. Avoidable healthcare visits by young adults have been identified as one probable cause.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore healthcare providers'' experiences and opinions about young adults'' healthcare utilisation in the first line of care.MethodThis study used latent qualitative conventional content analysis with focus groups. Four healthcare units participated: two primary healthcare centres and two emergency departments. This study included 36 participants, with 4–7 participants in each group, and a total of 21 registered nurses and 15 doctors. All interviews followed an interview guide.ResultsData were divided into eight categories, which all contained the implicit theme of distribution of responsibility between the healthcare provider and the healthcare user. Young adult healthcare consumers were considered to be highly influenced by external resources, often greatly concerned with small/vague symptoms they had difficulty explaining and unable to wait with. The healthcare provider''s role was much perceived as being part of a healthcare structure—a large organisation with multiple units—and having to meet different priorities while also considering ethical dilemmas, though feeling supported by experience.ConclusionHealthcare personnel view young adults as transferring too much of the responsibility of staying healthy to the healthcare system. The results of this study show that the discussion of young adults unnecessarily seeking health care includes an underlying discussion of scarcity of resources.Patient or Public ContributionThe conduct of this study is based on interviews with young adult patients about their experiences of seeking healthcare.     

杜鹃素对映体的分离及其在中药材中的含量测定

目的 建立杜鹃素对映体分离的HPLC方法,并应用于满山红和照山白药材中的对映体含量测定。方法 用HPLC对杜鹃素对映体进行拆分,优化手性柱种类、流动相比例、流速和柱温的色谱条件。对手性热力学拆分进行探讨,计算杜鹃素对映体在色谱柱分离的焓变、熵变、焓变差值和熵变差值等热力学参数。并在最佳分离条件测定了满山红和照山白2种药材中2个对映体的含量。结果 确定了杜鹃素的2个对映体的最佳分离条件：色谱柱为Chiralcel OJ-RH(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),乙腈-水(40∶60)为流动相等度洗脱,流速为0.5 mL·min^–1,柱温为25℃,检测波长为295 nm。在最佳分离条件下,杜鹃素对映体的分离度达到1.5,表明杜鹃素的2个对映体能够完全分离。当柱温为20～35℃时,分离因子随着温度的升高呈降低趋势,2个对映体的lnα与1/T呈良好的线性关系,手性拆分过程受焓的控制。将所建立的杜鹃素对映体分离方法应用于中药材满山红、照山白中的杜鹃素对映体含量测定,杜鹃素的2个对映体线性范围分别为0.718～57.44μg·mL^–1和1.28～102...     

在线医疗用户满意度影响因素研究

介绍国内在线医评相关研究现状,在江苏省中西医结合医院在线评论文本基础上分析患者满意度影响因素,提出建议,包括坚持以用户为中心深化服务、提升医生满意度和归属感、树立医院与医务人员良好形象等。     

What Is a 2021 Reference Body?

The historical 1975 Reference Man is a ‘model’ that had been used as a basis for the calculation of radiation doses, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, sizes for organ transplantation and ergonomic optimizations in the industry, e.g., to plan dimensions of seats and other formats. The 1975 Reference Man was not an average individual of a population; it was based on the multiple characteristics of body compositions that at that time were available, i.e., mainly from autopsy data. Faced with recent technological advances, new mathematical models and socio-demographic changes within populations characterized by an increase in elderly and overweight subjects a timely ‘state-of-the-art’ 2021 Reference Body are needed. To perform this, in vivo human body composition data bases in Kiel, Baton Rouge, San Francisco and Honolulu were analyzed and detailed 2021 Reference Bodies, and they were built for both sexes and two age groups (≤40 yrs and >40 yrs) at BMIs of 20, 25, 30 and 40 kg/m². We have taken an integrative approach to address ‘structure–structure’ and ‘structure–function’ relationships at the whole-body level using in depth body composition analyses as assessed by gold standard methods, i.e., whole body Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and the 4-compartment (4C-) model (based on deuterium dilution, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and body densitometry). In addition, data obtained by a three-dimensional optical scanner were used to assess body shape. The future applications of the 2021 Reference Body relate to mathematical modeling to address complex metabolic processes and pharmacokinetics using a multi-level/multi-scale approach defining health within the contexts of neurohumoral and metabolic control.     

高效液相色谱法测定毛支清口服液中黄芩苷含量

目的建立毛支清口服液中黄芩苷含量的测定方法。方法选用Venusil MP C18分析柱（4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm）,甲醇-水-磷酸（60∶40∶0.2）为流动相,检测波长为280 nm,流速为1.0 ml/min。结果黄芩苷进样量为0.5~3.0μg时与峰面积具有良好的线性关系,回归方程为：Y=3.00×106X-415 373,r=0.999 6,平均回收率为103.0%,相对标准偏差为1.117%。结论所建立的高效液相色谱方法简便、准确、灵敏度高、分离效果好,可作为毛支清口服液的质量控制标准。     

大黄提取液对脱矿釉质中钙溶出量的影响

目的 观察大黄提取液对脱矿釉质中钙溶出量的影响.方法 用不同浓度的大黄提取液和去离子水处理牙面后进行脱矿,ASCA生化分析仪对釉质脱矿后的脱矿液进行钙离子浓度的检测.结果 2 mg/ml和4 mg/ml大黄提取液处理后釉质钙溶出量<去离了水(P<0.01)、<1 mg/ml大黄提取液组(P<0.05),>2%氟化钠组但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).1 mg/ml大黄提取液处理后釉质钙溶出量>2%氟化钠组(P<0.01),<去离子水组但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 2mg/ ml和4 mg/ml大黄提取液具有抑制脱矿釉质中钙溶出作用:2mg/ml大黄提取液为抑制钙溶出的起始有效浓度.     

胃蛋白酶含量监测对诊断误吸的意义

目的探讨胃蛋白酶含量作为误吸诊断指标的可行性,为临床诊断误吸提供依据。方法27例创伤后昏迷患者鼻饲含锝的匀浆液,鼻饲开始计时1、2、3、4、5h收集患者口咽及支气管分泌物,测定其中的放射性计数及胃蛋白酶含量。结果放射性计数与胃蛋白酶含量等级相关检验的相关系数为0．700,两者高度相关。结论测定支气管中的胃蛋白酶含量可作为诊断误吸的较可靠指标。     

不同产地天麻质量评价

目的测定天麻中天麻素的含量以及多糖的含量。方法用HPLC法测定天麻素的含量,以苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量。结果与结论以天麻素和多糖两项指标来衡量,能更真实反映天麻的品质,且方法简便,灵敏,准确。