150年的《自然》演绎了“卓越”期刊的内涵——读《铸造<自然>》有感

鉴于当下中国科技期刊进入了变革期,及“中国科技期刊卓越行动计划”的实施,结合2020年初两部委发布的破除“唯论文”导向、树立正确的科技评价的相关文件精神,笔者对世界卓越期刊《自然》150年的历史通过《铸造<自然>》一书进行了专业的浅析,感悟到成就卓越期刊的内涵在于中国的办刊人要真正理解什么是卓越的科技期刊。     

巨型OA期刊的发展现状及相关思考

【目的】 总结巨型OA期刊(Open Access Mega Journal,OAMJ)的发展历程和商业模式,探讨OAMJ的成功办刊经验。【方法】 通过文献调研OAMJ的学科范围、出版规模、同行评议机制、商业模式、作者群特点等,讨论OAMJ的特点及发展模式。【结果】 OAMJ的出版规模与其影响力紧密相关,根据出版规模和影响因子的演变可将OAMJ划分为处于上升期、上升潜力较小、发展出现困境3个类别。【结论】 OAMJ的发展历程和现状可为新的OAMJ创办和运作提供参考与借鉴,在出版规模化发展的同时应注意提升期刊的学术声誉和影响力指标。     

国际学术出版中的同行评议进展与展望

【目的】 了解国际学术出版领域同行评议的现状、进展、发展特点,把握其发展方向与脉络,为国内学术期刊同行评议的发展提供参考和借鉴。【方法】 以案例分析为主线,辅之以文献调研、比较分析的方法,对国际学术出版领域同行评议实践进行探索,分析其发展特点,探究其趋势和规律。【结果】 国际学术出版领域同行评议呈现多样化发展的趋势,同行评议参与主体多元化、组织形式多样化,多边合作不断加深,人工智能等新技术的应用日益广泛,对同行评议的认证和激励机制日益完善,对审稿人的同行评议技能培训更加全面、系统,对同行评议中的学术失当行为的监督和惩戒力度不断增强。【结论】 同行评议各方参与者正协同努力,通过流程再造、理念渗透、智能技术应用、政策法规指导、专业技能培育,不断提高同行评议的质量、效率、透明度、公信力,使同行评议专家更好地发挥学术出版质量把关者的作用。未来,同行评议将继续扮演学术出版质量控制的重要角色。随着理念的提升、技术的进步、操作的规范、开放科学实践的深入发展,同行评议必将向着更加客观、公平、透明、智能的趋势发展。     

Beliefs towards vaccination and trust in the scientific community in Italy

BackgroundIn 2017 the Italian government introduced compulsory vaccination for Italian school children for ten diseases, in response to an alarmingly decrease in coverage and measles outbreak. A hot social debate arose around the issue of the law. Studies on the opinion of Italians on this topic are rare, so we investigated the socio-cultural profile of Italians about beliefs towards vaccination.MethodsData were extracted from the Italian section of the European Social Survey (ESS), conducted by the Italian National Institute for Public Policies Analysis during 2017. The main outcome assessed was the opinion about the supposed harmfulness of vaccines. We analysed the association between the outcome and a selected group of socio-cultural characteristics, with a specific interest in examining the interaction between our main outcome and the perceived trust in the scientific community in regards to vaccines. A principal component analysis was then performed for determining the socio-cultural profile of respondents.ResultsAmong the 2,626 subjects interviewed face to face, 19% believed that vaccines were harmful and 10% did not have trust in the scientific community in regards to vaccines. Out of the respondents who believed in the harmfulness of vaccines, 29% neither had trust in the scientific community. Principal Component Analysis suggested that this group (Anti-vax/science sceptic) was characterised by low participation in political and cultural life, being male, older of age and politically oriented towards the right. People agreeing about harmfulness of vaccines are mostly males, have a lower education level, poor attendance in political and cultural life and are politically oriented to the right.ConclusionsThe ESS survey is unique in its capacity to deal with emerging themes of the social debates. Results paint a picture of the opinions of Italians on vaccines. This profile may be useful for policymakers to design targeted vaccination campaigns and to intervene more efficaciously in the public debate.     

《昆明医学院学报》创刊15周年的回顾与展望

总结了《昆明医学院学报》（自然科学版）创刊１５周年来所取得的成绩，指出了存在问题及今后的努力方向．     

Reviewing Foucault: possibilities and problems for nursing and health care

This paper addresses Foucauldian theory and its usefulness to nursing research. It is written in the form of a discussion between the authors on the merits and liabilities of Foucauldian theory as applied to analyses of nursing. As such, it focuses upon some of the more pertinent critiques of both Foucauldian and postmodern theory. By addressing Foucault from two different positions, the discussion seeks to demonstrate the complexity of Foucauldian theory and warns against oversimplification in its application to nursing research. The authors also argue for an awareness of the strengths and weaknesses of any given theoretical stance.     

《中国中医基础医学杂志》创刊以来刊载文献的统计与评述

目的：通过对《中国中医基础医学杂志》所刊文献的统计及分析，初步反映该杂志的办刊历程与走势，并借以了解中医基础学科的研究现状及发展。方法：采用文献计量学方法，对1995～2002年刊物的文献量、栏目设置、稿源的地域分布、作者资料及文稿涉及病种、指标进行统计分析。结果：该刊物文献量逐年增多，总栏目不断扩增，个体栏目文献量呈增多、减少或波动三类变化，投稿地域形成以北京、广东为首的明显梯队，来自于医学院校具有副高及中级职称的硕博士人群是该杂志的主要投稿源，文稿所涉病种以心脑血管病、肿瘤、糖尿病为多，涉及指标则以分子生物学、病理形态学、功能性测定居首。结论：(1)《中国中医基础医学杂志》作为中医基础学科重要的理论期刊，创刊8年来发展迅速，信息量大，涵盖面广，具有一定的权威性，但也显示出某种地方期刊特征。(2)通过该窗口，映现同一时期中医基础学科的动态，其研究队伍日渐扩大，学者素质不断提高，思路活跃．选题呈现出与世界基础医学接轨的趋势。、     

Commentary on Kenneth Pope's Review

Pope ignores the book's central message that thousands of people are being harmed by recovered memory therapy and instead attempts to discredit personally several professionals who question recovered memory claims. This commentary examines the nature of science and scientific data relevant to recovered memory assumptions and concludes that many assumptions of recovered memory therapy are falsified. But these claims deeply divide the psychological community. Pope's review contributes nothing positive to the important issues involved and, instead, adds to the mistrust and anger surrounding this controversy. The method of alternate hypotheses and the Principle of Charity are suggested as more productive steps to decrease the polarization.     

加强对药厂和医院制剂室空气净化室的管理

本文根据笔者对药厂和医院制剂室的空气净化室上百家次的检查和几十家次的测试，分析了空气净化室目前存在的各种问题，提出了应重视净化工程设计审查和加强空气净化室科学管理的意见，以便使空气净化室真正发挥其效能。