Women's access to modern methods of fertility regulation.

Preventing unintended pregnancies through access to modern family planning could avert 20-35% of maternal deaths, saving the lives of more than 100,000 women each year. Obstacles to wider access still exist, but they may be overcome by overt policy commitment to reproductive health services, partnership between stakeholders, community involvement and quality programs.     

Introducing dental students to clinical patient care: The complete denture prosthodontics transition clinic

Using complete denture treatment as an introduction to clinical patient care for dental students, the purposes of the Complete Denture Prosthodontics Transition Clinic at the University of Colorado School of Dentistry are to reduce the time lapse between the preclinical complete denture prosthodontics course and the first denture patient experience, and to encourage development of student self-confidence and skills. In the 2002 spring semester, faculty at the University of Colorado School of Dentistry initiated the Complete Denture Prosthodontics Transition Clinic for DS-II (second-year) dental students, as an introduction to clinical patient care. Each patient was assigned to a team of two dental students. Three Division of Prosthodontics faculty members staffed each clinic session, providing a student-to-faculty ratio of approximately 6.6:1 and a patient-to-faculty ratio of approximately 3.3:1. All DS-II students in the Class of 2004 delivered their first complete dentures no later than 8 months (average, 184 days) after the last day of the preclinical complete denture prosthodontics course. The time from the diagnostic appointment through the denture placement appointment averaged 39 days for patients treated in this program, compared with an average of 98 days or more for previous classes. The program was successful in achieving the goal of reducing the time lapse between the preclinical complete denture prosthodontics course and the first denture patient experience.     

初中生信件咨询常见问题分析

目的通过分析初中生心理发展的特点，找出信件咨询常见问题的原因，提出问题解决的对策。方法通过对初中生心理咨询信件的整理分析。结果信件咨询作为学校心理咨询的一种非主流形式，由于其自身的种种缺陷并没有受到过多的重视。介从初中生的来询信件中确实反映了一些问题。结论对初中生进行心理健康教育有十分重要的意义。     

设立门诊健康教育室需求的调查与分析

且的调查和分析门诊设立健康教育室的可能性与必要性，使门诊健康教育工作变得更规范．更系统。更科学、更有效，更经济。方法采用发放问卷的形式，随机对2004年1月-2006年1月在上海市桌三级综合性医院门诊就诊的200例病人进行不记名调查、统计和分析．结果病人在门诊就诊时普遍认为健康教育现状不够理想，而对健康教育需求较迫切，对于开设健康教育室十分受欢迎。结论门诊设立健康教育室可将现有的医院内存在的、分散的、不同形式的健康教育工作纳入一个集中、统一的部门，有利于提高门诊健康教育质量。     

Intimate Saboteurs

Background: The bariatric patient exists in dynamic relationship with family members and friends who have considerable influence upon the patient and his or her surgical outcome. When family members and friends behave as intimate saboteurs, they attempt to hamper, hurt, or subvert the bariatric patient's goal of achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight. Successful or not, intimate saboteurs provide significant treatment challenges for the patient and the treatment team. Methods and Patients: Patient profiles provide examples of intimate sabotage. The psychological construct of Family Systems Theory is used as a plausible explanation for the sabotage of friends and family. Conclusions: Multidisciplinary professionals treating the bariatric patient must be aware of the critical influence of intimate saboteurs and the tactics they use to sabotage. Treatment guidelines recommended by Family Systems Theory are presented as strategies to mitigate the influence of intimate saboteurs.     

老年冠心病患者实施健康教育的远期效果分析

目的：探讨老年冠心病患者实施健康教育的远期效果。方法：110例老年冠心病患者被随机分为健康教育组（教育组）及对照组，每组各55例。在常规治疗的基础上教育组在住院期间及出院后4年内给予健康教育处方结合口头卫生宣教及科普板报知识等经常性的健康教育活动，而对照组不予健康教育。结果：教育组患者对冠心病知识的了解情况、饮食控制情况、规律服药治疗情况比对照组好（P＜0．01），出院后再次住院次数比对照组少（P＜0．01）。而情绪及吸烟量控制两组无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。结论：对老年冠心病患者实施经常性的健康教育是控制疾病恶化的重要措施。     

The 5-Step family intervention in primary care: II. The views of primary healthcare professionals

Background: This is the second of two papers using qualitative methods from a study of an intervention for family members affected by close relatives' substance misuse problems.

Participants: 168 primary healthcare professionals (PHCPs: GPs, practice nurses and health visitors) working in general practices in two areas of England, and who took part in the study.

Data sources: Recruitment and post-session forms completed by PHCPs; telephone interviews with each PHCP 12 weeks after recruitment of a family member; interviews with PHCPs at the end of the study.

Results: At the end of the project PHCPs were overwhelmingly positive about the family member intervention and about primary care as the appropriate site. Difficulties were encountered, however, in identifying and engaging affected family members, who were often excluded on grounds of the complexity of their problems or the level of their distress. Shortage of PHCP time and other practice-related factors added to the difficulty. Active work by a PHCP was often necessary in order to make the link between presenting symptoms of physical or mental ill-health and the existence of a family substance misuse problem. When family members were identified and recruited, PHCPs were usually positive about what was achieved. Nearly all were in favour of an approach that combined giving a self-help manual with some follow-up contact with a family member as needed.

Conclusions: Taken in conjunction with statistical outcome findings of significant reductions in symptoms and changes in ways of coping, plus qualitative analysis of the views of family members, the present results encourage the view that a flexible form of this intervention should be developed for use in primary healthcare, and that further work should build on existing strengths and attempt to overcome weaknesses identified.     

对高等教育大众化背景下中医药高等院校专业建设问题的思考

中医药高等院校专业建设应随着社会的进步发展和社会的需求而不断拓宽、延伸其专业领域，本文从中医药高校的专业延伸的必要性、建设原则以及专业延伸的思路等三个方面对中医药高等院校的专业建设工作提出了几点思考。     

便携式负压吸引装置的设计及材料学特点

对负压吸引装置便携方式的研究一直是急救医学追求的目标之一，因为它能够极大地促进急救成功率。文章基于这种需要，研制了一套便携式负压吸引装置，并根据实际应用效果，选择优化的制造材料。研制的便携式负压吸引装置主要由特殊设计的储液罐及罐盖、负压产生装置、过渡接头等部分组成，关键部件采用特殊材料制作，体积小，质量轻，操作简单，易于携带，完全能满足临床抢救及治疗的需要。作为一种急救中必不可少的器械，便携式负压吸引装置在急救伤病员运输、转运，家庭急救，及无动力源环境等情况下，对于抢救患者及提高救治效果，具有极大的竞争优势和应用前景。