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排序方式: 共有67条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Mosca L Marcellini S Perluigi M Mastroiacovo P Moretti S Famularo G Peluso I Santini G De Simone C 《Biochemical pharmacology》2002,63(7):1305-1314
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of a wide spectrum of diseases, implicating that strategies directed at counterbalancing oxidative processes could have a role in clinical medicine. There is also an evidence that oxidative stress acts as a major determinant of apoptotic cell death. Many studies have reported favourable effects of antioxidant formulas on several parameters of the oxidant-antioxidant balance, but none of them has focused whether antioxidant formulas could modulate apoptosis. We investigated in 20 healthy individuals the effect of supplementation with a formula containing alpha-tocopherol, alpha-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q(10), carnitines, and selenomethionine, on plasma oxidant status and peroxide levels, erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes, lymphocyte apoptosis, and generation of ROS at the mitochondrial level. Control subjects received only carnitines or an incomplete formula with alpha-tocopherol, alpha-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q(10), and selenomethionine. Supplementation with the complete formula resulted in a significant increase in the plasma antioxidant status that was mirrored by a decrease in blood peroxide levels and a reduced generation of ROS at the mitochondrial level. This was associated with a significant decrease in the frequency of peripheral blood lymphocytes, with either CD4 or CD8 phenotype, undergoing apoptosis. Less consistent results were found when either incomplete formula was used. Our study suggests that supplementation with antioxidant formulas can modulate the process of apoptosis under in vivo conditions. The clinical potential of this strategy in the treatment of diseases with an elevated commitment to apoptosis should be explored. 相似文献
62.
Jaeger K Heine J Ruschulte H Jüttner B Scheinichen D Kuse ER Piepenbrock S 《Transfusion》2001,41(8):1064-1068
BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have revealed that gelatin and HES produce increased neutrophil respiratory burst activity. It was investigated whether 3-percent gelatin (MW 35,000) and three types of 6-percent HES (MW 70,000; degree of substitution, 0.5; 200,000/0.5; 450,000/0.7) preparations can influence superoxide anion production during respiratory burst under clinical conditions. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from 40 patients before and 1 hour after the infusion, before anesthesia and surgical treatment. After stimulation with bacteria (Escherichia coli), the respiratory burst was measured by oxidation of nonfluorescent dihydrorhodamine 123 to the fluorescent rhodamine 123 by the use of flow cytometry. RESULTS: Respiratory burst activity decreased significantly (p = 0.004) from the baseline (60.0 +/- 6.5%) to 1 hour after the administration of the low-molecular-weight HES preparation (55.0 +/- 6.8%). No significant differences in respiratory burst activity could be found after the administration of gelatin or medium-molecular-weight or high- molecular-weight HES solution. CONCLUSION: The investigated administration of gelatin and medium- and high-molecular-weight HES preparations did not influence respiratory burst activity under clinical conditions. However, the neutrophil respiratory burst was impaired after the administration of low-molecular-weight HES. Neutrophil respiratory burst activity may vary according to the type of colloidal plasma substitutes administered. 相似文献
63.
Comparison of flow cytometric assays with isotopic assays of (51)chromium-labeled cells for estimation of red cell clearance or survival in vivo 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BACKGROUND: A comparison was made between flow cytometric and conventional radioisotopic assays in the determination of the clearance or survival of small volumes of (51)chromium-labeled D+ red cells after injection into volunteers. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Four clearance studies were performed using 4 mL of autologous D+ cells coated with anti-D at two concentrations (5 or 10 microg anti-D/mL red cells) transfused to two subjects at separate times. Five survival studies were carried out using 5 mL of frozen-thawed D+ cells transfused to five D- subjects with no detectable anti-D. Sequential blood samples were taken for gamma counting and flow cytometry. Several methods were used to stain the transfused red cells, and the data were analyzed by using three flow cytometers. RESULTS: The determination of red cell clearance or survival by radioactivity measurements gave results consistent with published data. However, none of the flow cytometric assays exhibited the necessary sensitivity or accuracy in quantitation of the rare events to provide reliable data for the calculation of the initial clearance rate, the red cell half-life, or the mean cell lifespan, although rough estimates of red cell clearance were obtained in some subjects. This inability to accurately enumerate rare fluorescence-labeled cells was due mainly to the presence of "background" events, which were a considerable problem in some samples, when the coating level of anti-D was less than 3000 molecules of IgG per cell. CONCLUSION: Flow cytometry may enable the crude estimation of the percentage of small volumes (<5 mL) of transfused D+ red cells, but in this study it was found that this method was not sufficiently accurate to determine the initial clearance rate, red cell half-life, or mean cell lifespan. If the proportion of transfused cells in the recipient is about 0.2 percent or less, the use of radioisotopes for labeling cells for quantitative in vivo red cell clearance or survival data should remain the method of choice. 相似文献
64.
Accurate detection of apoptotic cells is important for the determination of cell viability. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity of the cell permeant SYTO 16 fluorescent dye for detecting early apoptotic mononuclear cells (MNCs) in normal donor blood with other apoptosis assays [i.e. Annexin-V, light scatter/7-amino-actinomycin-D (7-AAD) and chloromethyl-X-rosamine (CMXRos)] and to identify critical parameters for optimal SYTO 16 staining. Apoptosis was induced in normal human leukocytes from adult peripheral blood or cord blood, or the Jurkat T-lymphocytic cell line and assessed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Dual labelling showed that SYTO 16 detected more apoptotic MNCs compared to Annexin-V. SYTO 16 staining intensity was consistent with the light scatter profiles expected of live, apoptotic and necrotic MNCs and was more objective than light scatter/7-AAD. CMXRos staining required considerable care and may not be a robust marker of apoptotic primary MNCs. For SYTO 16 flow cytometric analysis, the optimal conditions for staining 1x10(6) leukocytes were 4 nM SYTO 16 in the presence of 30 muM verapamil for 25-45 min at 37 degrees C in media containing calcium/magnesium supplemented with protein. A P-glycoprotein inhibitor, such as verapamil, and calcium/magnesium are essential for optimal loading of SYTO 16 into live MNCs and discrimination of apoptotic MNCs in normal blood samples. SYTO 16 is a sensitive, simple, inexpensive 'live cell' method for the discrimination of live, apoptotic and necrotic normal blood MNCs and is more sensitive for detecting apoptosis in these cells than Annexin-V or light scatter/7-AAD. 相似文献
65.
66.
《Vaccine》2015,33(32):3813-3820
Based on current studies on the effects of single dose vaccines on antibody production, Latin American countries have adopted a single dose vaccine program. However, no data are available on the activation of cellular response to a single dose of hepatitis A. Our study investigated the functional reactivity of the memory cell phenotype after hepatitis A virus (HAV) stimulation through administration of the first or second dose of HAV vaccine and compared the response to that of a baseline group to an initial natural infection. Proliferation assays showed that the first vaccine dose induced HAV-specific cellular response; this response was similar to that induced by a second dose or an initial natural infection. Thus, from the first dose to the second dose, increase in the frequencies of classical memory B cells, TCD8 cells, and central memory TCD4 and TCD8 cells were observed. Regarding cytokine production, increased IL-6, IL-10, TNF, and IFNγ levels were observed after vaccination. Our findings suggest that a single dose of HAV vaccine promotes HAV-specific memory cell response similar to that induced by a natural infection. The HAV-specific T cell immunity induced by primary vaccination persisted independently of the protective plasma antibody level. In addition, our results suggest that a single dose immunization system could serve as an alternative strategy for the prevention of hepatitis A in developing countries. 相似文献
67.
Armen V. Gyulkhandanyan Asuman Mutlu David J. Allen John Freedman Valery Leytin 《Thrombosis research》2014