Neighbourhood migrant composition and tobacco-related cancer mortality: A census-linked study among five origin groups in urban Belgium

We studied the role of ‘ethnic density’ in the neighbourhood for tobacco-related cancer mortality among five migrant origin groups in urban Belgium. Using full population linked census data, multilevel Poisson models were applied to model effects of three linear and categorical indicators of same-origin presence for each origin group, and to test effect mediation by migrant generation and educational level. We first of all found that increased same migrant-origin presence in the neighbourhood had protective effects on tobacco-related cancer mortality for men in most groups. Second, only Turkish men had a mortality disadvantage when Turkish concentration was higher. Third, effects were not detected across all indicators of same-origin presence, nor among most groups of women. Finally, for several groups, neighbourhood effects were mediated by generational status and educational level.     

一种基于色差的彩色图像的边缘检测方法

传统的边缘检测方法大都是基于灰度图像的,这就不能充分利用彩色图像的全部信息。文章提出了一种基于色差的彩色图像的边缘检测方法,它能快速准确地检测到图像的边缘,具有低的错判率和较高的效率,优于传统基于灰度的边缘检测方法。     

Stabilization of positive coupled differential‐difference equations with unbounded time‐varying delays

This paper researches the static output‐feedback stabilization of single‐input single‐output (SISO) positive coupled differential‐difference equations (CDDEs) with unbounded time‐varying delays. First, a necessary and sufficient condition is provided for the positivity and asymptotical stability of CDDEs with unbounded time‐varying delays. For this type of system, based on the constructed estimates of its solution, a necessary and sufficient condition on asymptotical stability is provided. Then, based on this criterion, for CDDEs with unbounded time‐varying delays, a kind of static output‐feedback controller is designed to ensure the positivity and asymptotical stability of the corresponding closed‐loop systems. It is also worth pointing out that the controller is designed by the linear programming method without parameterization technique. This design approach can also be applied to the static state feedback stabilization problem of CDDEs with unbounded time‐varying delays. Finally, two illustrative examples are given to show the effectiveness of our results.     

Adaptive Order WENO Reconstructions for the Semi-Lagrangian Finite Difference Scheme for Advection Problem

We present a new conservative semi-Lagrangian finite difference weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme with adaptive order. This is an extension of the conservative semi-Lagrangian (SL) finite difference WENO scheme in [Qiu and Shu, JCP, 230 (4) (2011), pp. 863-889], in which linear weights in SL WENO framework were shown not to exist for variable coefficient problems. Hence, the order of accuracy is not optimal from reconstruction stencils. In this paper, we incorporate a recent WENO adaptive order (AO) technique [Balsara et al., JCP, 326 (2016), pp. 780-804] to the SL WENO framework. The new scheme can achieve an optimal high order of accuracy, while maintaining the properties of mass conservation and non-oscillatory capture of solutions from the original SL WENO. The positivity-preserving limiter is further applied to ensure the positivity of solutions. Finally, the scheme is applied to high dimensional problems by a fourth-order dimensional splitting. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the new scheme by extensive numerical tests on linear advection equations, the Vlasov-Poisson system, the guiding center Vlasov model as well as the incompressible Euler equations.     

我国不同性别老年人成功老龄化与死亡的关系研究

目的 了解我国老年人成功老龄化的现状,并探究不同性别老年人成功老龄化及其组成部分与死亡的关系。方法 数据来源为2010—2016年中国健康与养老全国追踪调查（China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS）数据。采用χ2检验比较不同性别老年人成功老龄化之间的差异;利用Cox比例风险回归模型探讨不同性别老年人成功老龄化与死亡的关系及其差异。结果 无论成功老龄化率和死亡率,女性均高于男性;就女性而言,与成功老龄化人群相比,未成功老龄化人群死亡风险是其2.702倍,低认知功能人群其死亡风险更高;无论男女,患慢性病、功能损失的人群其死亡风险更高。结论 不同性别老年人成功老龄化及其组成部分与死亡关系存在显著差异;相比男性,女性成功老龄化与死亡的关系更加显著;为促进健康老龄化,女性应不断注重心理健康,无论男女,生理健康的改善,有利于降低死亡风险。     

艺术大学生自我效能、主观幸福感及其关系的研究

目的研究艺术大学生自我产能与主观幸福感的关系。方法用幸福感指数量表、一般自我效能感量表494艺术大学生进行了测量。结果①艺术大学生的主观幸福感和自我效能感有显着的独生和性别差异。②艺术大学生的高、低自我效能与主观幸福感存在显着的差异和相关。结论自我效能是影响幸福感的重要因素。     

Strain-dependent effects of post-training GABA receptor agonists and antagonists on memory storage in mice

Post-training administration of the GABA-A and GABA-B receptor agonists muscimol and baclofen dose-dependently impaired retention of an inhibitory avoidance response in C57 mice, while improving memory consolidation in the DBA strain. By contrast, picrotoxin (blocker of GABA-activated ionophores), bicuculline (GABA-A antagonist) and CGP 35348 (GABA-B antagonist) dose-dependently improved retention in C57 mice and impaired it in DBA mice. These effects cannot be ascribed to non-specific actions of the drugs on retention performance, as the latencies during the retention test of those mice that had not received footshock during the training were not lengthened by the post-training drug administration. The effects on retention performance induced by GABA agonists and antagonists are probably due to an effect on memory consolidation, since they are observed when the drugs are given at short, but not at long, intervals after training. These results are discussed in terms of possible interaction of GABA systems with endogenous opioid and dopamine systems, whose activation has been shown to produce strain-dependent effects on memory processes. The possible utilization of these results for a genetic behavioral approach with recombinant inbred (RI) mice is also considered.     

Nationality differences in distributions of serum lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins levels in Xinjiang China

目的　种族间血脂水平的差异已有研究。本文拟探讨民族间血脂、脂蛋白及载脂蛋白水平是否也存在差异。方法　作者对新疆地区的汉族居民 911人 (男性 4 6 6人 ,女性 4 45人 )及哈萨克族居民 773人 (男性 36 0人 ,女性4 13人 )随机个体血总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL c)、脂蛋白 (a) (Lp(a) )及载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)进行测定。结果　与汉族人群比较 ,哈萨克族人群男、女均分别有较高的HDL c(P <0 0 0 1)和ApoA1(P <0 0 0 1)水平与较低的TG(P <0 0 1,P <0 0 0 1)、Lp(a) (P <0 0 0 5 )、ApoB(P <0 0 0 5 ,P <0 0 0 1)及较低的ApoB/ApoA1值 (P <0 0 1,P<0 0 0 1) ;汉族人群有 2 0 7%的个体ApoA1水平值低于 1 2g/L ,而在哈萨克族人群中只有 9 8%的个体ApoA1值低于 1 2g/L ,汉族人群有 18 6 %的个值ApoB值高于 1 2g/L ,而在哈萨克族人群中只有 14 3%的个体ApoB水平值超过 1 2g/L ;多因素相关与回归分析发现 :TG、HDL c、Lp(a)、ApoAI及ApoB/ApoAI值水平均与民族有密切的相关关系。结论　血脂、Lp(a)、ApoA1及ApoB水平存在显著的民族间的差异 ,哈萨克族人群具有较汉族人群明显为优的血脂谱 ,推测遗传因素可能控制和影响着个体     

英汉颜色词差异浅探

英、汉语分属两种不同的语系 ,受语言与文化特殊性的影响 ,人们对色彩的感受和赋予颜色词的意义也各不相同。翻译时 ,不可望文生义 ,“对号入座” ,必须在充分了解中西方文化差异的基础上 ,准确把握颜色词所处的语境 ,力求做到信、达、雅     

人体牙齿颜色测量系统口内活体牙测量重复性的研究

对人体牙齿颜色测量系统的重复性进行研究。方法：采用ＣＩＥ１９７６Ｌ＾＊ａ＾＊ｂ＾＊色度参数对７名自愿者上中切牙进行测量,通过比较不同时间、不同损伤者测量结果差异,计算、比较不同时间测量色差偏差的大小,研究人体牙齿颜色测量系统的重复性。结果：本实验所测人体牙齿颜色系统在不同时间测量结果的色差偏差为１．０２６个单位,且不同时间比较该色差值无显著性差异;不同时间内测量指标比较除ａ＾＊以外,Ｌ＾＊,ｂ＾＊