主要工作量预算法在综合医院护理单元护士人力配置中的应用研究

目的观察主要工作量预算法在综合医院护理单元护士人力配置中的应用效果。方法 2011年按主观测算法以床护比1∶0.4配置护理单元(除神经外科)护士人数,2012年按主要工作量预算法进行护理单元护士人力配置。比较两种方法对护理质量及护士工作满意度、患者对护理工作满意度的影响。结果 2012年实施主要工作量预算法后护理质量、护士对工作满意度及患者对护理工作满意度均高于2011年(P0.05)。结论采用主要工作量预算法配置护理单元护士人力,可提高护理质量、护士及患者的满意度。     

Estimation of fetal weight (EFW) with hemoglobin levels during pregnancy at Pagar Dewa-West Lampung Province of Lampung

Objective

To know the relation between estimation of fetal weight with hemoglobin levels during pregnancy at Public Health Service (Puskesmas) Pagar Dewa-West Lampung, Province of Lampung.

Nonregular Robust Parameter Designs

Robust parameter design, originally proposed by Taguchi (1986), has received considerable attention in recent years. The primary objective of a robust parameter design is to identify the setting of control factors of a product/system such that the mean of the response is optimal and the variance of the response is minimized. Often a regular fractional factorial design is selected for experimentation of robust parameter design. In this article, we explore nonregular fractional factorial designs from Hadamard designs with run size up to 60 and obtain optimal ones for studies of robust parameter designs.     

Methods for population size estimation of problem drug users using a single registration

BackgroundThe number of problem drug users is used as a key indicator to monitor the drug situation in the European Union. An alternative approach to estimate the number of problem drug users is given by ‘the one-source capture–recapture analysis’ that uses a single registration.MethodsTwo variants of the one-source capture–recapture analysis were applied to a single registration: the truncated Poisson regression model (TPR) and the Zelterman regression model. These models were applied to data about clinical drug-related hospital admissions derived from the Dutch Hospital Registration (LMR). The TPR accounts for heterogeneity in capture probabilities by allowing for covariates and the Zelterman regression model relies on the problem drug users that were seen only once or twice in the hospital; the latter model is known to be robust against unobserved heterogeneity.ResultsThe TPR model was found to have a bad fit due to unobserved heterogeneity. The Zelterman regression model estimated the population size at 10,415 problem drug users (95% CI is 8400–12,429). This figure is an estimate of the number of problem drug users who are at risk of a clinical hospital admission due to the medical consequences of their drug use. The model can also provide estimates of different subgroups of problematic drug users.ConclusionThe method presented here offers a promising alternative for estimating the number of problem drug users, including different subgroups of drug users. In addition, observed and unobserved heterogeneity can be accounted for in these estimates.     

长期护理保险基金筹资负担的测算——基于8城长护险试点方案的比较分析

本文使用宏观与微观数据,建立马尔可夫模型,预测2021—2030年全国失能老人规模,并对预测结果进行校准缩减误差率。基于试点政策测算第二批8城长护险试点方案的筹资负担,探究长护险筹资方案的完善方向。发现2021—2030年同期重度失能老人规模在校准后增加5%～7%,支出压力上涨6%,收不抵支节点的出现提前1—2年。针对此情况提出北京、开封方案需设置动态筹资增长率,以社会医疗保险缴费基数为基础的南宁、福州方案考虑调整筹资比例等建议。     

北京、广东、宜昌三地吸毒人群基数的快速评估

目的：探索科学、实用的快速评估吸毒人群基数的方法。方法：采用多轮快速评估方法（改进的Delphi方法），于2005年12月至2006年5月，在北京、广东、宜昌三地的戒毒人员中进行本地区滥用海洛因和新型毒品（冰毒、摇头丸、“K”粉）人数的调查估计。结果：估计2005年12月北京市滥用海洛因人数的中位数是40000（30000～60000），是同期登记在册人数的2．14（1．60～3．21）倍；估计滥用新型毒品人数的中位数是30000（25000～50000）。估计2006年5月广东省滥用海洛因人数的中位数是400000（310000～500000），是同期登记在册人数的2．13（1．65～2．66）倍；估计滥用新型毒品人数的中位数是420000（400000～600000）。估计2006年5月宜昌市滥用海洛因人数的中位数是10500（9000～15000），是同期登记在册人数的2．63（2．25～3．75）倍；估计滥用新型毒品人数的中位数是13000（8000～20000）。结论：应用快速评估方法在戒毒人员中进行毒品滥用情况估计，方法比较科学、实用、易行；虽然存在一些影响估计结果的因素，但随着研究设计和现场实施技术的不断完善，此类快速调查评估可应用于毒品滥用流行程度评估研究。     

时间驱动作业成本法在基本公共卫生服务项目成本测算中的应用

时间驱动作业成本法是国外新兴的成本测算方法,在国外卫生领域中的应用已较为成熟。目前国内利用时间驱动作业成本法测算基本公共卫生服务项目成本的研究仍处于探索阶段。为弥补国内相关研究的不足,本文借鉴时间驱动作业成本法的基本原理,分析其在基本公共卫生服务项目成本测算中的必要性和可行性,将时间作为主要的成本动因,通过管理人员估计产能成本率和作业单位时间,来测量基本公共卫生服务项目的成本,以期为卫生领域引入一种新的成本测算理念。     

Characterizing intersection variability of butterfly diagram in post-stroke gait using Kernel Density Estimation

BackgroundCenter of pressure (COP) trajectory during treadmill walking have been commonly presented using the butterfly diagram to describe gait characteristics in neurologically intact and impaired individuals. However, due to the large amount of displayed information, the butterfly diagram is not an efficient solution to visualize locomotor variability.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate post-stroke locomotor variability by applying Kernel density estimation (KDE) on the intersections of the butterfly diagram, and to compare KDE derived metrics with conventional metrics of gait symmetry and variability.MethodsBilateral toe-off (TO) and initial contact (IC) points of the butterfly diagram were determined to calculate the COP symmetry index and the intersections of bilateral TOIC. Subsequently, the intersections during the walking window were used to evaluate its density and variability by Kernel density estimation. Standard deviations of step width and step length were compared between groups.ResultsUsing the KDE surface plots we observed 4 characteristically different patterns with individuals post-stroke, which were associated with functional status quantified using walking speed and lower extremity Fugl-Meyer scores. However, locomotor variability quantified using standard deviations of step width and lengths did not differ between groups.Significance & Novelty: This paper presents a novel approach of using KDE analysis as a better and more sensitive method to characterize locomotor COP variability in individuals with post-stroke hemiparesis, compared to conventional metrics of gait symmetry and variability.     

A simple stability indicating RP-HPLC-DAD method for concurrent analysis of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate,Doravirine and Lamivudine in pure blend and their combined film coated tablets

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