甲型肝炎疫苗免疫前后发病情况分析

为比较沙县在甲型肝炎（甲肝）疫苗免疫前后甲肝的发病情况,对本站疫情定收集的1990～1997年报告的882例甲肝病例进行了分析。结果表明,疫苗免疫前甲肝发病率在63.36／10万～99.90／10万,免疫后为16.20／10万～21.87／10万,免疫前后平均发病率之比为422：1。按＜15岁、15～44岁和≥45岁分组,发病率下降最明显的是＜15岁,其次是15～44岁和≥45岁,依次下降了91.9％、70.1％和37.1％．工人、农民、学生（大、小、小学生）不同职业人群,以学生下降最明显,农民下降不明显,存在差别的原因可能是甲肝疫苗接种率的高低。甲肝疫苗接种的成本效益为1：953．     

糖尿病中医证型的分布及动态资料对比分析

目的:掌握糖尿病住院患者中医证型的分布及动态发展资料。方法:运用统计学方法,对本院1996-1998年所有糖尿病患者的中医病证进行编码、分类、统计。结果:1996年糖尿病患者中医证候分布主要顺位为:肺胃燥热证(29.8%)、气阴两虚证(25.7%)、肾阴亏虚证(22.2%)、阴阳两虚证类(11.1%)。1997年中医证候谱发生变化,顺位为气阴两虚证(41.4%)、肺胃燥热证(24.5%)、阴阳两虚证(20.7%)、肾阴亏虚证(13.8%)。1998年为肺胃燥热证(33.2%)、气阴两虚证(30.5%)、阴阳两虚证(21.3%)、肾阴亏虚证(14.9%)。结论:危害糖尿病患者较重的阴阳两虚证所占病例逐年增多,要引起高度警惕,如不及时治疗,消渴病证候将向严重方向转移,威胁患者生命     

不同单位保种的S180细胞核型及DNA含量的比较研究

对四个单位保种的S180 细胞经KM 小鼠腹腔传代,体外培养加秋水仙碱,涂片、染色后,显微镜下计数染色体数目:腹水传代的S180 细胞,用70 % 乙醇固定,流式细胞仪测DNA 含量。结果如下:本学部( 本部) ,中国医学科学院药物所( 药物所) ,武汉大学保种中心( 武汉大学) 和北京市肿瘤所( 肿瘤所) 保种的S180 细胞株,其染色体均数分别为62-8 ±22-8 ,69-1 ±21-2,39-9 ±8-26 ,58-7±9-75 条。四单位S180 细胞株染色体数做方差分析表明,除肿瘤所与本部外,其它两单位比较均有显著统计学差异(P< 0-01) 。直方图分析显示主流染色体范围分别为56 ～60 ,61 ～65,41 ～45,61 ～65 条。流式细胞术DNA 含量分析表明肿瘤所S180 DNA含量最多,武汉大学保种的S180 细胞的DNA含量最少。这些结果均证明四个单位的S180 细胞株在一些方面已出现显著差异。     

家庭环境因素对青少年精神分裂症的影响

目的 探讨精神分裂症和家庭环境的关系。方法 用自编“家庭环境调查问卷”、修订的父母养育方式评价量表（ＥＭＢＵ）对８２例青少年患者和８２个正常青少年家庭进行调查,用Ｃａｍｂｅｒｗｅｌｌ家庭会谈表（ＣＦＩ）评定患者亲属的情感表达（ＥＥ）水平。结果 （１）病例组父母关系、亲子关系差,父母有不良行为习惯者多（Ｐ〈０．０５）;家庭性患者父母文化水平低、经济收入低、健康状况差（Ｐ〈０．０１）。（２）病例组父母     

腭裂术后语音的实验研究

提供一种易被患者接受、无害、科学客观的腭裂术后语音缺陷的诊断方法。方法：随机选择各种腭裂类型的腭裂术后患者４７例,将其语音输入ＫＡＹ７８００语图仪,分析其语音特点和语图表现。结果：腭裂术后语音有３大语音特点和８类语图表现。３大语音特点是残缺、代偿和干扰;８类语图表现是辅音残缺、共振峰残缺、送气代偿、浊化代偿、喉塞代偿、鼻音干扰元音、鼻音干扰辅音和噪音干扰。结论：腭裂术后患者口腔内的能量不足是造成以上语音缺陷的主要原因。     

Altruism and the Vietnam War Veteran: The Relationship of Helping to Symptomatology

This study examines the relationships among demographic factors, combat experiences, personality characteristics, altruism, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology. Participants were Vietnam War veterans currently undergoing treatment for PTSD. The developmental level of internalized schemas of interpersonal relations (object relatedness) and the altruistic intent to help were significant predictors of PTSD symptomatology, with lower levels of symptomatology associated with higher levels of altruism. Results indicated that predispositional variables and altruistic intentions may be important factors to consider in designing and implementing treatment programs for chronically impaired veterans with PTSD.     

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections

This paper has analyzed respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections in 201 hospitalized children. In children with wheezing, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was significantly higher in those with pneumonia than with syndroma pertussis, while the white blood cell (WBC) count was significantly lower in patients with bronchitis than in those with bronchiolitis and syndroma pertussis. Bronchodilatators were applied in 75.6% and corticosteroids in 20% of patients. Ten patients were ventilated. Fatal disease outcome was observed in one infant. Twelve consecutive-year study of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections showed that 27.3% of these diseases were bronchiolitis and pneumonia.     

浅谈医院门诊部工作的主要特点与基本要求

翔实地阐述了门诊工作的特点：服务对象与病种的复杂性及心态的多样性;医疗质量监控缺乏系统必 ;病人就诊高峰的相对集中性;门诊诊治工作的时效性与风险性;急诊抢救工作的突发性与应性;门诊业务工作的多元性、专业性和服务保障工作的整体性;门诊部管理职能的双重性,同时提出了相应的基本要求。     

Progetto ATENA,A study on the etiology of major chronic diseases in women: Design,rationale and objectives

In spite of their important impact on populations, a number of diseases - all types of cancer and coronary heart disease in women - are rare events for statistical analysis and often analyzed in designs affected by selection and information biases, such as case-control studies. Large cohort studies based on the storage of biological specimens appear to be the most suitable solution for identifying risks for those diseases.Progetto ATENA, a study on the etiology of major chronic diseases in women is based on this design. Ten thousand women, aged 30–69 years, living in the area of the city of Naples, free of cancer and cardiovascular disease, are being recruited over a four-year period. Ten per cent of the cohort is being randomly selected from the electoral roles, the rest will be volunteers.Information on dietary habits, reproductive history, familiarity for chronic disease, active smoking habits and passive smoking exposure, physical activity, and socio-demographic data are being collected. Clinical data such as blood pressure, anthropometry, and electrocardiogram are also taken. All the participants provide biological samples of blood (fasting drawing) and urine (timed morning spot). The biological samples are processed in order to explore the main areas under study (nutritional markers, metabolism, endocrinology, genetics, environmental exposure markers, thrombogenesis). The samples are stored in liquid nitrogen (–196° C) as soon as the blood and urine processing have been finished. An appropriate follow-up information system on the health status of the participants is being set up to estimate incidence and mortality rates.Corresponding author.