医院配电室和特种设备的安全管理

本文主要探讨对医院配电室和特种设备的安全管理，消除安全隐患，间接地为医院创造效益。     

影响注意缺陷多动障碍患儿就诊因素的分析

目的分析探讨影响注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患儿延迟就诊的因素。方法采用家庭环境量表（FES-CV）及自编简明就诊因素问卷对68例ADHD患儿的家长进行调查评定，分析影响延迟就诊的相关因素。结果61例患儿完成调查。所有因素经多元线性逐步回归分析，3个自变量差异具有统计学意义，分别为分型（Beta值：-0．449），接触知识（Beta值：0．369），父亲文化（Beta值：-0．268）。结论影响患儿就诊时间延迟的因素有3种情况，其顺序如下：（1）ADHD的注意缺陷型；（2）家长缺乏儿童心理卫重知识；（3）父亲的文化程度低。     

参加新婚教育人群对紧急避孕的知识、态度和实践

为探讨新婚前后人群对避孕方法(特别是紧急避孕方法)的知识、态度和使用以及新婚前后人群对紧急避孕的需求及对推广EC的意愿的建议。采用描述性流行病学研究方法,以郑州市新婚学校为研究现场,直接收集第一手数据。采用EPI INF6.04软件包,和SPSS7.5 FOR WINDOW95软件包,进行数据处理、统计与分析。统计分析的主要指标有:频数分布,单因素分析,logistic多元回归分析等。结果平均年龄26.41岁,女性占49.4％。在第一次同房时,仅有46.4％的人使用过避孕方法。第一次同房时最常用的避孕方法是避孕套(76.1％)。在女性应答者中,25岁以下开始同房者占76.6％,有9.3％的人有过人工流产史。88.2％的人每周有1～6次同房。有43.2％的人听说过EC方法,有35.9％的人听说过紧急避孕片,有29.9％的人知道使用EC片有时间限制,有24.7％的人听说过上环可作为紧急避孕方法,有17.4％的人知道上环紧急避孕方法有时间限制。仅有12.9％的人使用过某种事后避孕方法,其中有事后3天内使用者占82.0％。92.6％的人赞成开展EC教育。73.7％的人认为,应在未婚青少年中开展EC教育。80.7％的人认为,在本单位进行EC教育是可行的。应答者认为,最易的接受的EC教育形式依次为:阅读材料(40.4％),录相(20.6％)和讲课(15.7％)。认为EC的最可靠的信息来源     

Population-based study of emergency department admissions and deaths from injuries in Barcelona,Spain: Incidence,causes and severity

The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of morbidity and mortality due to injuries in the population over the age of 14 years in Barcelona, Spain. Injury distribution according to sex, age, external cause, place of occurrence of the injury and severity was also obtained. A one-year survey was conducted in the emergency departments of the six main hospitals in Barcelona, based on a multistage sampling. Information was collected prospectively in emergency services by specially trained non-staff interviewers. Mortality data were drawn from death certificates. The incidence rate was 74.7 injury cases per 1,000 person-years over 14 years of age, higher in males than in females. Injury rates were highest in the youngest age-group and progressively lower until people over 75 years of age. Main external causes of injury were falls, being struck or caught by objects, and traffic-related injuries. The leading specific causes of injury mortality were traffic injuries, suicides and poisonings. While the overall admission incidence was 3.34 cases per 1,000 inhabitants, the proportion of hospitalized cases was 45.0 per 1,000 injury cases admitted to emergency rooms, higher for females, for traffic injuries and in the elderly population. Ninety-six percent of injury cases had an ISS value of 8 or less, mean ISS being highest for traffic injuries and falls. Injury morbidity and mortality amongst residents of Barcelona follow sex, age and cause of injury patterns which are, overall, comparable to those observed in other industrialized countries, suggesting that similar etiologic factors might be operating in those areas. The results should enable the orientation of injury prevention policies in the urban environment targeted on the young and the elderly population.     

STRESS IN THE RURAL EMERGENCY ROOM

ABSTRACT: This study identifies stress-producing factors reported by registered nurses (RNs) attending serious incidents in an Australian rural hospital's emergency room. A Delphi approach was used to determine the six most significant stress-producing factors, and these factors were then ranked by two groups of nurses. The rankings were compared using the Spearman Rank Order Coefficient of Correlation and were found to be dependent on years of nursing experience of the RNs taking part in the study. The more experienced group nominated 'anxiety about nursing a family member or close friend' as the most significant stress-producing factor, while the less experienced group reported 'concerns about nursing a child' as the most important stress-producing factor. Possible reasons for the variation in rankings are discussed, and recommendations are made in the light of the study's findings.     

目标教学结合Roy适应式情景教学在急诊科护理教学中的应用研究

目的 探讨目标教学结合Roy适应式情景教学在急诊科护理教学中的应用效果。方法 将分配到空军军医大学第一附属医院西京医院急诊科实习的护生110人作为研究对象,按进科先后顺序分为对照组和观察组,每组55人。对照组采用传统教学,观察组采用目标教学结合Roy适应式情景教学。评估两组实习护生情景模拟演练考核成绩和急诊急救能力。采用SPSS 22.0进行t检验和卡方检验。结果 观察组实习护生情景模拟演练考核教学目标,理论知识目标、技能目标、态度目标考核平均成绩分别为（9.09±1.21）分、（13.98±1.87）分、（9.32±0.95）分,对照组理论知识目标、技能目标、态度目标考核平均成绩分别为（8.41±1.17）分、（12.43±1.72）分、（8.72±0.83）分,观察组教学目标（理论知识目标、技能目标、态度目标）的掌握程度均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组实习护生急诊急救能力优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 目标教学结合Roy适应式情景教学应用于急诊科护理教学,有助于提升实习护生的理论和实践技能,有助于培养实习护生的急诊急救能力。     

Increased yield of full GBA sequencing in Ashkenazi Jews with Parkinson's disease

Background

Variants in GBA are the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), and are especially prevalent in the Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) population. However, most studies on GBA in AJ genotype only seven selected Gaucher-associated pathogenic variants rather than sequencing the whole gene, which may leave carriers of PD-associated GBA variants undiscovered.

高血压急诊患者降压前后脑电图变化及临床意义

目的:观察高血压急诊快速降血压对大脑功能的影响情况。方法:监测56例病人含服 降压药前后的脑电活动和血压情况,并对所获资料进行分析。结果:2 h内收缩压(SBP)下降>5.33 kPa (40 mmHg)或舒张压(DBP)下降>4.00 kPa(30 mmHg)时,脑电图异常程度增加,θ及δ频段功率值明 显升高(P<0.01)。结论:降压急骤,可能会造成大脑功能损害     

EEG enhancement during electrosurgery using an optical fibre

The paper considers the limiting factors in EEG enhancement in the presence of electrosurgery interference and presents a design for a useful fibre-optic EEG monitoring instrument which is free from such problems as electrical shock (micro and macroshock), patient burns and susceptibility to electrosurgery interference associated with conventional EEG monitors.