3-氧-乙酰-11-脱氧甘草次酸铝抗大鼠实验性胃溃疡作用机制

目的　探讨 3-氧 -乙酰 - 11-脱氧甘草次酸铝 (aluminum 3-oxo -acetyl- 11-deoxogly cyrrhetinate,ADA)对实验性大鼠胃溃疡的保护作用机制。 方法　采用Shay结扎法、醋酸法复制大鼠胃溃疡模型 ,分别测定给药后胃粘液PGE2 含量及胃粘膜血流量 (GMBF) ,并对结果进行统计分析。结果　ADA5 0mg·kg-1,10 0mg·kg-1与对照组相比 ,能显著增加胃内游离粘液和胃壁粘液量及胃壁内PGE2 含量(P <0 .0 1)。连续以ADA灌胃能显著增加胃粘膜血流量 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　ADA的抗溃疡作用与增加胃粘液量 ,促进PGE2 分泌及增加GMBF有关     

膳食铝暴露评估及食品中铝限量安全标准研究进展

随着工业和建筑行业的高速发展,工业废水,酸雨等污染环境,以及含铝食品添加剂的滥用和铝包装材料的广泛使用,铝在食品中的含量达到较高水平.人群通过空气,饮水,食品等途径摄入铝,造成人体内的平均铝含量已严重超标,膳食铝暴露是主要原因.对居民膳食铝暴露评估结果表明,居民通过面制食品摄入的铝量较高,这与使用铝制器具及在食品中添加含铝添加剂有关.本文将对膳食铝暴露评估及食品中铝限量安全标准研究进展进行综述,为相关部门修订食品中铝安全标准提供参考.     

Excessive Aluminum Accumulation in the Bones of Patients on Long‐Term Parenteral Nutrition

Background: Aluminum (Al) contamination of parenteral nutrition (PN) solutions remains a concern for long‐term PN patients. Al accumulates particularly in bone. Excessive exposure to Al may result in increased Al body burden and impaired bone formation and mineralization, leading to bone disease. Although the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has limited Al contamination in large‐volume parenteral solutions, small‐volume parenterals may still contribute considerable amounts of Al to PN solutions. The goal of this study is to determine whether or not long‐term adult PN patients remain at risk for increased bone Al accumulation. Methods: We measured Al accumulation in autopsy bones from 7 patients who had received PN for 2–21 years and compared bone Al levels with those in living control patients undergoing hip or knee replacement. Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry was used for bone Al measurements. Results: When compared with bone Al content in controls, markedly elevated Al levels (P < .0001) were found in the bones of all but 1 patient, who received PN for only 2 years before death. Even greater Al accumulation was found for PN patients who developed late renal impairment (P = .0159). Conclusions: We conclude that long‐term adult PN patients continue to be at risk for Al toxicity.     

Multiplex immunoassay for in vitro characterization of acellular pertussis antigens in combination vaccines

Vaccines characterization is required to ensure physical, chemical, and biological integrity of antigens and adjuvants. Current analytical methods mostly require complete antigen desorption from aluminum-based adjuvants and are not always suitable to distinguish individual antigens in multivalent formulations. Here, Luminex technology is proposed to improve the analytics of vaccine characterization. As proof of concept, TdaP (tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis) combination, adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide, was chosen as model formulation to quantify and determine the level of adsorption of acellular pertussis (aP) antigens onto adjuvant surface at the same time. The assay used specific antibodies bound to magnetic microspheres presenting unique digital signatures for each pertussis antigen, allowing the simultaneous recognition of respective antigens in the whole vaccine, avoiding laborious procedures for adjuvant separation. Accurate and reproducible quantification of aP antigens in TdaP vaccine has been achieved in the range 0.78–50 ng/mL, providing simultaneously information on antigen identity, quantity, and degree of adsorption to aluminum hydroxide. The current study could further be considered as a model to set up in vitro potency assays thus supporting the replacement of animal tests accordingly to the 3Rs concept.     

艾滋病元素医学食疗一月临床观察

笔者在去年用元素医学食疗法试治4例艾滋病患者获突破的基础上,于今年8月在安徽阜阳市、河南上蔡县文楼村免费为33例[原25例]艾滋病患者进行元素医学食疗,一个月中观察到：食疗患者症状有不同程度改善,有的非常显著,还有20％患者症状完全消失。首先,胃口100％改善,体重增加占80％以上,最多体重增加6kg／月,睡眠较原来好,有精神,有力气,无1例有不良反应。病人自愿要求元素医学食疗,积极配合食疗。     

An enveloped virus-like particle vaccine expressing a stabilized prefusion form of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein elicits highly potent immunity

We evaluated enveloped virus-like particles (eVLPs) expressing various forms of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein and several adjuvants in an effort to identify a highly potent Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine candidate. eVLPs expressing a modified prefusion form of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were selected as they induced high antibody binding titers and neutralizing activity after a single injection in mice. Formulation of SARS-CoV-2 S eVLPs with aluminum phosphate resulted in balanced induction of IgG2 and IgG1 isotypes and antibody binding and neutralization titers were undiminished for more than 3 months after a single immunization. A single dose of this candidate, named VBI-2902a, protected Syrian golden hamsters from challenge with SARS-CoV-2 and supports the on-going clinical evaluation of VBI-2902a as a highly potent vaccine against COVID-19.     

基质补偿-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脂肪乳注射液中铝元素含量

目的 建立脂肪乳注射液中铝元素含量的电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定方法.方法 采用基质饱和系统,直接稀释制样,在线内标引入方式,以电感耦合等离子体质谱法进行含量分析.结果 铝离子浓度在1～30 ng·mL-1线性关系良好,相关系数(r)为0.9994,仪器精密度、重复性的RSD均＜3％,方法检测限为1.04...     

铝碳酸镁联合艾司奥美拉唑治疗胃溃疡伴出血患者的临床研究

目的 探讨铝碳酸镁联合艾司奥美拉治疗胃溃疡伴出血患者的效果.方法 按照随机数字表法将纳入的大连市友谊医院收治的胃溃疡伴出血患者分为2组:试验组和对照组各77例.对照组给予奥美拉唑每次20 mg,bid,早晚给药;试验组在对照组基础上加用铝碳酸镁每次100 mg,qd,晨起给药;2组患者均治疗4周.对比2组治疗前后的胃溃...     

复方颠茄氢氧化铝片含量测定方法的改进

目的：改进复方颠茄氢氧化铝片含量测定方法。方法：不需进行沉淀处理,采用锌盐返滴定法。结果：回收率平均值为99.1%,RSD为0.18%(n=6)。结论：该方法简便、快捷、准确,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

Comparison of subchronic immunotoxicity of four different types of aluminum‐based nanoparticles

Nanoparticles (NPs) have recently emerged as an inhalable pollutant, owing to their applications, aluminum‐based NPs (Al‐NPs) have been prioritized for toxicity testing. In the current study, we compared the pulmonary biopersistence and subsequent toxicity of four different types of Al‐NPs (two rod‐type aluminum oxide NPs [AlONPs] with different aspect ratios [short (S)‐ and long (L)‐AlONPs], spherical aluminum cerium oxide NPs [AlCeO₃, AlCeONPs] and spherical γ‐aluminum oxide hydroxide nanoparticles [AlOOHNPs]) 13weeks after a single intratracheal instillation, considering the importance of their properties in their toxicity. We found that the pulmonary biopersistence of Al‐NPs was strengthened by a high aspect ratio in the rod‐type AlONPs and by the presence of hydroxyl groups in the spherical‐type Al‐NPs. The highest toxicity was observed in the mice treated with AlOOHNPs, which showed low biostability. More importantly, we identified that the commercially available AlCeONPs were Al₂O₃‐coated CeO₂ NPs, but not AlCeO₃ NPs, although they have been sold under the trade name of AlCeONPs. In conclusion, the aspect ratio and biostability may be important factors in the determination of the biopersistence of NPs and the subsequent biological response. In addition, the physicochemical properties of NPs should be examined in detail before their release into the market to prevent unexpected adverse health effects.