小剂量碳酸锂与丙基硫氧嘧啶联合治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的近期疗效观察

目的碳酸锂、丙基硫氧嘧啶单独或小剂量联合治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的疗效比较。方法全部甲状腺功能亢进症病例共56例,随机分为3组:碳酸锂组17例,丙基硫氧嘧啶组19例,联合组(碳酸锂+丙基硫氧嘧啶)20例,治疗前及治疗2、4周测定血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)、甲状腺刺激素(TSH)及跟腱反射时间,比较3组疗效。结果3组治疗前甲状腺功能无明显差异,治疗后甲状腺功能均有明显下降,治疗2、4周时碳酸锂组、丙基硫氧嘧啶组FT3、FT4下降程度相似,联合组较另2组下降明显。结论碳酸锂能改善甲状腺功能,近期疗效与丙基硫氧嘧啶相似,联合治疗时其改善甲状腺功能效果将加强。     

1999～2002年上海精神卫生中心抗抑郁药应用分析

目的：了解上海市精神卫生中心近4年来抗抑郁药的用药变化情况，探讨其使用特点及趋势。方法：统计分析了该院在1999—2002年使用抗抑郁药的品种、用量、金额及用药频度、年平均增长率和药品日耗费用等情况。结果：该院在近4年中使用的抗抑郁药金额平均年增长率为13．52％。5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂在4年中年平均增长率达18．78％，用药金额排位前2名。杂环类抗抑郁药物在用药频度上排位前列。新上市的抗抑郁药用药金额年平均增长率为23．88％，但其使用频度仍排位在后。国产氟西汀类药物的上市，使药品的日耗费用下降，用药金额及频度却大幅度上升。结论：在抗抑郁药使用中还存在用药较为集中的问题。合理选用抗抑郁药，除了考虑疗效确切、不良反应较少外，还需考虑价格适中。     

中药新药一般毒理试验及评价

根据多年研究实践,针对新药一般毒理试验及临床前安全性评价进行探讨,提出新药一般毒理试验需在12个环节中予以重视和加强管理。     

3个不同品种小鼠繁殖性能及生长发育的比较观察

对ＫＭ、ＮＩＨ和ＩＣＲ３个常用封闭群不同品种小鼠繁殖性能及生长发育差异进行比较。结果提示：ＫＭ性成熟比ＮＩＨ和ＩＣＲ小鼠迟,ＩＣＲ小鼠最早;ＫＭ小鼠窝产仔数比ＮＩＨ和ＩＣＲ小鼠多,ＮＩＨ小鼠窝产仔数量最少;ＮＩＨ和ＩＣＲ小鼠离乳率比ＫＭ小鼠高;ＮＩＨ小鼠初生仔鼠平均体重比ＫＭ及ＩＣＲ小鼠重,离乳后ＮＩＨ小鼠体重增长比ＫＭ及ＩＣＲ小鼠快。     

Variation of Nasal Respiratory Pattern With Age During Growth and Development

The purpose of this study was to determine changes in nasal respiratory pattern with growth and development, particularly to determine the age where upper airway growth ceases. The results on 361 healthy subjects, aged 7 to 24 years, based on aerodynamic measurements during rest breathing, showed clear differences between inspiratory and expiratory phases. Nasal airflow rate and cross-sectional area increased and oral-nasal pressure and nasal resistance decreased with age up to the age of 16, levelling by the age of 20 years. The body size and gender had effect only on nasal airflow rate. This study suggests that the measurements of the nasal respiratory pattern, determining impaired nasal airway, should be done during inspiration and using age-related assesment from a healthy population until the age of 16 years. From then on, guidelines for adults are applicable.     

Embryo developmental stage at transfer influences outcome of treatment with intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Purpose: Our purpose was to determine if embryo cell stage at the time of intrauterine transfer correlates with pregnancy rate in patients treated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 455 embryo transfer cycles following ICSI and 304 conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer cycles in women aged 40 years or less. Abstracted information included grading of the embryo cell stage and quality at the time of transfer. Results: The overall ICSI pregnancy rate was 30.8%, while that of conventional IVF was 29.3%. However, the ICSI pregnancy rate fell to 9.3% for embryo transfers taking place at the two-cell stage but increased to 35.8% when at least one embryo had more than two cells, and this difference was statistically significant (P≤0.0001). The pregnancy rate following conventional IVF was 22.0% when only two-cell embryos were transferred and 32.0% when at least one of the embryos had more than two cells, but this difference in pregnancy rates was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusions: The stage of embryo development at transfer appears to exert a powerful influence on the successful establishment of pregnancy after ICSI.     

念珠菌对唑类药物耐药机理的探讨

文献报道念珠菌对唑类药物耐药机制有三，即膜通透性降低、靶酶改变及靶酶产生过多。本文对２６株分离自艾滋病患者的耐氟康唑白念珠菌及通过诱变获得的白念珠菌ＡＴＣＣ１４０５３五个氟康唑耐药突变菌落的耐药机制进行了初步探讨。根据唑类药物靶酶编码序列设计六对上下之间交叉重叠的引物，分六段（包括相当于调控序列所在部位）将目的基因扩增出来，采用Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交、限制性片段多态性分析及聚合酶链反应－单链构象多态性分析等方法对所获目的片段进行了分析。结果排除了所有受试菌株因靶酶编码基因缺失而耐药的可能，单链构象多态性分析结果呈阳性，且耐药株之间也存在差异。故此，推测耐药性系因为靶酶编码序列多位点突变造成，这一点尚有待进一步证实。另外，本实验结果不能排除另两条耐药机理的存在     

液态媒质中鸡胚心脏瞬间心电向量的综合

目的和方法在电导率不同的2种液态媒质中,采集60个5日龄鸡胚心脏2组相反方向上若干离场源不同距离的测试点心电图,分别比较相同媒质中相反方向上相同距离点的心电图形态和R(r)波振幅,判断该单腔心瞬间心电向量综合的可能性.结果无论是高电导率的生理盐水,还是低电导率的蒸馏水,相同媒质相反方向相同距离点上的心电图皆为正立,其R(r)波振幅的差异不显著(P>0.05);心电在高电导率液态媒质中的衰减幅度远大于在低电导率的液态中的衰减幅度.结论单腔心相反方向的心肌除极所形成的瞬间心电向量可能由于心腔内高电导率血液的衰减效应而无法实现跨越心腔的相互综合.任一瞬间的心电活动可能无法用单一的综合心电向量来表示.     

CONGENITAL EXPRESSION OF mdr-1 GENE IN FRESH CANCER TISSUES FROM SEVERAL HIGH-INCIDENCE NEOPLASMS WITHOUT PREOPERATIVE CHEMOTHERAPY

ＣＯＮＧＥＮＩＴＡＬＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＯＦｍｄｒ１ＧＥＮＥＩＮＦＲＥＳＨＣＡＮＣＥＲＴＩＳＳＵＥＳＦＲＯＭＳＥＶＥＲＡＬＨＩＧＨＩＮＣＩＤＥＮＣＥＮＥＯＰＬＡＳＭＳＷＩＴＨＯＵＴＰＲＥＯＰＥＲＡＴＩＶＥＣＨＥＭＯＴＨＥＲＡＰＹＺｈａｎｇＹａｎｍ...     

182例子宫内膜癌的疗效分析

目的：探讨子宫内膜癌的疗效从其预后因素。方法;收集1979年4月至1991年4月随访资料完整的182例子宫内膜癌。全组病人均经手术及术前放疗，部分病人术后放疗。经统计学X2检验分析预后。结果：总5年生存率80.2％，Ⅰ期91.9％，Ⅱ期81％，Ⅲ期56％，Ⅳ期0，临床分期、病理类型、组织学分级、宫体肌层浸润盆腔淋巴结转移是影响预后的重要因素、结论;术前分段诊刮至关重要、放宽1期病例下术指征是提高Ⅰ期盆腔淋巴结转移病例存活率的关键，术前术后放疗是防止复发提高存活率的有效措施。