儿童外伤牙再植-方丝弓托槽固定术的护理21例

目的保存脱位牙,保持牙齿正常功能及牙列完整.方法对外伤致恒前牙脱位患儿行牙槽窝清创后,配合医生行脱位牙再植--方丝弓托槽固定术,并做好术前、术中及术后护理.结果患儿能够主动配合手术,愈合效果良好,达到保持牙齿正常功能及牙列完整的目的.结论儿童外伤致恒前牙脱位,行牙再植--方丝弓托槽固定术,损伤少,家长及患儿容易接受,是一种操作简单、有效的方法;护士做好术前、术中及术后护理,能够使患儿及家长主动配合,顺利进行手术,提高手术的成功率.     

Lack of experience is a significant factor in the missed diagnosis of perilunate fracture dislocation or isolated dislocation

Objective

The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors contributing to the misdiagnosis of perilunate injuries.

Acute dislocations of the distal radioulnar joint and distal ulna fractures

This article reviews acute dislocations of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) and distal ulna fractures. Acute dislocations can occur in isolation or in association with a fracture to the distal radius, radial metadiaphysis (Galeazzi fracture), or radial head (Essex-Lopresti injury). Distal ulna fractures may occur in isolation or in combination with a distal radius fracture. Both injury patterns are associated with high energy. Outcomes are predicated on anatomic reduction and restoration of the stability of the DRUJ.     

应用锁骨钩钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位

目的:探讨应用国产仿AO锁骨钩钢板对肩锁关节脱位进行切开复位内固定手术的临床治疗效果。方法:自2005年1月~2011年4月应用锁骨钩钢板治疗TossyIII型肩锁关节脱位,术中不修补喙锁韧带。平均年龄35.5岁,随访时间12～24个月。结果:所有患者术后均获得良好复位和固定,术后X线评估复位率达100%,无再脱位,患者肩关节在术后3周功能恢复良好,优良率达100%。结论:应用国产仿AO锁骨钩钢板治疗TossyIII肩锁关节脱位,操作简单、固定可靠,手术并发症少,疗效满意,是一种值得推广的方法。     

陈旧性无脊髓损伤AllenⅠ度下颈椎脱位的手术治疗

目的探讨陈旧性无脊髓损伤AllenⅠ度下颈椎脱位的治疗策略和手术疗效。方法回顾性分析2005年7月-2010年1月手术治疗的陈旧性无脊髓损伤AllenⅠ度下颈椎脱位患者21例。单侧关节突交锁9例,双侧关节突交锁2例。全部病例均行单纯前路椎间盘切除松解复位内固定椎间植骨融合。结果术后患者均获得随访,时间13～30个月,平均21个月。症状均获得改善,其中19例症状完全消失。7例获得完全复位,14例遗留轻度椎间移位。颈椎生理曲度和椎间高度维持良好。植骨均获融合,未出现内固定失效和脊髓损伤等并发症。结论单纯前路复位及内固定椎间植骨融合术治疗陈旧性无脊髓损伤AllenⅠ度下颈椎脱位可获得满意的临床效果,是一种值得推荐的术式。     

微型外固定支架结合有限内固定治疗跗横关节骨折脱位

目的 分析微型外固定支架结合有限内固定治疗跗横关节骨折脱位的临床疗效.方法 自2006年5月至2008年1月应用微型外固定支架结合有限内同定治疗跗横关节骨折脱位15例,骨折脱佗按Main分型:Ⅰ型8例,Ⅱ型2例,Ⅳ型1例,Ⅴ型4例.对骨折脱位行切开复位内同定,使用微型外固定支架恢复维持足内外侧柱的长度.术后指导功能锻炼,术后3个月拆除内、外固定,采用美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)中足评分系统评估临床疗效. 结果 本组12例患者获得11～24个月(平均15个月)随访,3例失访.术后3个月AOFAS评分为(68.6±3.9)分,术后6个月为(72.9±2.6)分,术后1年为(77.5±4.6)分,所有患者均能自丰行走,无需进一步治疗. 结论 微型外固定支架结合有限内固定治疗跗横关节骨折脱位可获得满意的临床疗效,治疗时除了使骨折脱位解剖复位外,更应注意恢复足内外侧柱的长度.     

The Management of Bilateral Interfacetal Dislocation with Anterior Fixation in Cervical Spine : Comparison with Combined Antero-Posterior Fixation

Objective

Combined antero-posterior fixation has been a standard method for bilateral interfacetal dislocation in cervical spine. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and complication of anterior cervical stabilization in treatment of bilateral interfacetal dislocation.

Methods

A total of 65 cases of traumatic bilateral interfacetal dislocation in cervical spine who were managed in our institution, from Mar. 1997 to Feb. 2006, were included in this study. Closed reduction was tried in all cases before operation. If closed reduction was accomplished successfully, only anterior cervical fixation was performed (Group I), and attempted to place screws bicortically as possible with unicortical screws. If failed, posterior open reduction with fixation was first tried, followed by anterior cervical fixation (Group II). All patients were evaluated for neurological outcome and radiological evidence of healing.

Results

The Group I included 47 patients and the Group II, 18 patients. The improvement of Frankel grade and increase of mean cervical lordosis angles were not statistically different between two groups. Screw-plate system used did not influence the outcome. On follow up, solid bone fusion was evident and there were no cases of instability in both groups.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrated that anterior cervical fixation on BID is safe and effective in comparison with combined antero-posterior cervical fixation.     

关节囊松解被卡环状韧带下移治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折

目的 探讨关节囊松解被卡环状韧带下移治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的方法及疗效。方法 2008年3月至2010年2月,采取关节囊松解被卡环状韧带下移桡骨头复位加尺骨延长成角截骨钢板内固定方法治疗Ⅰ、Ⅲ型儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折11例,男8例,女3例;年龄3～7岁7例,年龄8～11岁4例。病程2～3个月4例,4～6个月4例,7～12个月1例,13～30个月2例。结果 术后随访6个月至2年（平均9个月）,随访6～12个月7例,13～24个月4例。按照Mackay[1]功能评定标准进行疗效评价,结果全部为优。X线表现无半脱位或脱位。结论 利用关节囊松解被卡环状韧带下移方法治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折具有：疗效可靠,方法简单,创伤小,重建环状韧带实为环状韧带的再复位,其生物学特性完全符合伤前环状韧带。该方法值得临床医生探讨和推广。     

Late dislocation after total hip arthroplasty

Objectives: Instability after total hip arthroplasty is a troublesome complication. It commonly occurs in the first 3 postoperative months, but the risk continues over time.There are numerous treatment options, but they have relatively unpredictable outcomes. Numerous factors have been associated with dislocation, but research has mainly focused on the surgical ones. Epidemiological factors remain the subject of much debate.We aimed to establish the incidence of dislocation over time.