Late dislocation after total hip arthroplasty

Objectives: Instability after total hip arthroplasty is a troublesome complication. It commonly occurs in the first 3 postoperative months, but the risk continues over time.There are numerous treatment options, but they have relatively unpredictable outcomes. Numerous factors have been associated with dislocation, but research has mainly focused on the surgical ones. Epidemiological factors remain the subject of much debate.We aimed to establish the incidence of dislocation over time.     

Hemi-hamate arthroplasty for the management of chronic proximal interphalangeal joint fracture dislocations: Analysis of 21 cases in Indian population and review of the literature

BackgroundChronic fracture-dislocations involving the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint are challenging cases. We conducted this study to analyze the outcomes following hemi-hamate autograft reconstruction of such injuries and to compare our results with the existing literature.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 21 patients with chronic dorsal PIP fracture-dislocations that were managed with hemi-hamate autograft reconstruction was done. The average articular surface involvement was 64%. The average duration between injury and surgery was 9.4 weeks (range, 6–16). Quick DASH (Disabilities of Shoulder and Hand) scores, VAS (Visual Analog Scale) scores, range of motion of the PIP joints, DIP (distal interphalangeal) joints, and MCP (metacarpophalangeal) joints were measured during serial follow-up visits.ResultsUnion and graft incorporation was seen in all cases. The average Quick DASH score at four weeks post-surgery was 66 and it improved to eight at one year (p-value<0.05). The average VAS score at four weeks post-surgery was 7.66 and it improved to 2.09 at one year (p-value<0.05). The mean flexion of the MCP joint improved from 52.85° at the end of four weeks to 72.38° at one year (p-value<0.05). The average flexion at the PIP joint improved from 10.47° at the end of four weeks to 70.47° at one year (p-value<0.05). The average DIP flexion improved from 38.33° at the end of four weeks to 62.38° at one year (p-value<0.05). The average hand grip strength was 85% of the normal side.ConclusionHemihamate autograft reconstruction is a suitable procedure for the management of chronic PIP joint fracture-dislocations, especially in cases with extensive involvement of the articular surface.Level of evidenceIII.     

Open Arthrolysis for Chronic Elbow Dislocation with Extremely Severe Stiffness in Children

Objective

Studies on extremely severe elbow stiffness after chronic dislocation in children are scarce. This study aims to investigate the choice of surgical treatment modalities and to analyze their treatment efficacy in children with chronic elbow dislocation with extremely severe periarticular stiffness.

Methods

Data of 21 children with chronic elbow dislocation with extremely severe periarticular stiffness diagnosed and treated in our department between February 2015 and February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty boys and one girl were included in the study, their mean age was 11 ± 2.5 years, and they had concomitant distal humerus fractures. For the treatment protocol, all children with extremely severe elbow stiffness were treated with open arthrolysis, and elbow joint stability was intraoperatively assessed. All children performed passive functional exercises the day after surgery. The elbow flexion and extension angles, range of motion (ROM), and Mayo score were evaluated preoperatively and at the final follow-up.

Results

Of the 21 children, only one had recurrent severe stiffness of the elbow joint after surgery; nevertheless, the function was still improved compared with that before surgery. Preoperatively, the mean elbow extension and flexion angles were 72.2° ± 12.7° and 93.6° ± 11.1°, respectively, and the range of motion (ROM) of the elbow joint was 17.8° ± 8.3°. At the final follow-up, the mean elbow extension and flexion angles were 22.7° ± 18.6° and 118.8° ± 15.4°, respectively, and the elbow joint ROM was 96.1° ± 17.4°. The differences in the preoperative and postoperative ROMs, flexion angles, and extension angles of the elbow joint were significant (p < 0.01). The MEPS at the final follow-up was 78.57 ± 14.24, which was significantly higher than preoperative (29.76 ± 10.89), and the excellent rate was 81%.

Conclusion

Open arthrolysis and open reduction and internal fixation of the elbow joint are effective in treating chronic elbow dislocation with extremely severe stiffness in children.     

“分侧复位法”在颞下颌关节脱位中的应用与评价

对50例各类颞下颌关节脱位的患者使用分侧复位法进行颞下颌关节复位,1次成功49例、失败1例,无任何并发症发生,与传统的颞下颌关节复位术对比有操作简单、复位迅速、效果可靠、患者痛苦小等优点。     

Clinical Effect of Acute Complete Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation Treated with Micro-Movable and Anatomical Acromioclavicular Plate

Objectives: We evaluated the long-term clinical results of acute complete acromioclavicular dislocations treated with micro-movable and anatomical acromioclavicular plate.Methods: Open reduction and internal fixation was performed using the MAAP in 16 patients (10 males, 6 females; mean age 36 years; range16 to 63 years) with acute complete acromioclavicular joint dislocation. Radiographic evaluations were routinely conducted every 3 weeks until 3 months postoperatively. The MAAP were removed under local anesthesia after 3 months postoperatively. We evaluated the functional results by using the constant scoring system and radiological results in the last follow-up time. The mean follow up was 26 months (range 16 to 38 months).Results: The mean Constant score was 94 (range, 78 to 100). The results were excellent in 12 patients (75.0%), good in 3 patients (18.8%) and satisfactory in 1patient (6.2%). Three patients with scores of 80 to 90 had mild pain during activity, but have not affected the shoulder range of motion. One patient has both some pain and limited range of motion of shoulder joint. All patients but one have returned to their preoperative work without any limitations. Compared to the contralateral side, radiography showed anatomical reposition in the vertical plane in 14 cases, slight loss of reduction in 2 older patients.Conclusion: We recommend the MAAP fixation for surgical treatment of acute complete acromioclavicular joint dislocation as it could provide satisfactory shoulder functions and clinical results, with lower complication rate. However, it is necessary to continue to observe the clinical effects of this fixation technique.     

Simultaneous bilateral dual mobility total hip arthroplasty dislocation in a patient with hepatic encephalopathy: A case report

Introduction and importanceDislocation is a severe complication after total hip arthroplasty (THA). It is one of the most common reasons for failure and revision surgery. This is the first case of a documented simultaneous bilateral dual mobility (DM) THA dislocation.Case presentationA forty-nine-year-old man presented with bilateral hip pain, immobility and deformity. X-ray images demonstrated simultaneous bilateral posterior THA dislocation. Previously, the patient had presented atraumatic dislocations recurrently. When he was thoroughly re-interrogated, he complained of uncontrolled and generalized muscle contractions, which were compatible with myoclonus due to hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Multidisciplinary treatment was performed satisfactorily to control myoclonus symptomatology and to prevent dislocation.Clinical discussionPatient’s most important risk factor was a neuromuscular disorder, which we initially gave little notice and undervalued. HE is a serious but reversible syndrome, observed in patients with liver dysfunction. It leads to a wide spectrum of neuropsychiatric abnormalities. Management is based on prevention of episodes, avoiding the underlying triggers.Due to the high risk for dislocation of our patient, we decided to use DM cups bilaterally. This system has demonstrated lower rates of dislocation.ConclusionThis case report reminds us that a careful evaluation through meticulous history and physical examination are mandatory when faced with recurrent instability. Furthermore, prevention of dislocation is vastly preferable to treating this challenging complication. High-risk patients should be identified, and appropriate surgical approach, technique and implants have to be collectively used to reach a strategy that mitigates and ideally prevents dislocation.     

Luxación posterior bilateral del cristalino en una paciente agitada, ¿causa o consecuencia?

Complete posterior lens dislocation is an infrequent clinical entity. Trauma is the first cause of secondary lens dislocation. Most of the cases are unilateral, and bilateral cases are unusual. We report the uncommon case of a 70-year-old woman with evidence of a posterior bilateral dislocation of the lens in the context of an acute onset of confusional syndrome. We discuss about sensory deprivation as a trigger for acute confusion and agitation in patients with predisposing conditions. In addition, we describe the benefits that, in our experience, the refloating technique with perfluorocarbon liquid provides for the surgical approach to these cases.     

桡骨远端骨折畸形愈合合并远尺桡关节脱位的治疗

目的：探讨桡骨远端截骨矫形、尺侧腕屈肌腱移位、腕背侧关节囊及伸肌支持带紧缩重建远尺桡关节治疗桡骨远端骨折畸形愈合合并远尺桡关节脱位的临床疗效。方法：21例桡骨远端骨折畸形愈合合并远尺桡关节脱位。骨折类型按AO桡骨远端骨折分类皆为A型,未合并远尺桡关节炎。行桡骨远端截骨后,在＂C＂形臂下,桡骨高、掌倾角、尺偏角、远尺桡关节面对位恢复正常解剖位置,重建钢板固定,自体髂骨植骨。尺侧腕屈肌腱移位,腕背侧关节囊及伸肌支持带紧缩重建远尺桡关节。部分患者行旋前方肌松解。前臂旋后位克氏针固定。结果：21例患者均获随访,时间15～24个月,平均19.3个月。术前前臂旋转活动度为（41.6±8.9）°,术后为（138.1±14.3）°; 腕关节背伸术前为（9.2±4.2）°,术后为（33.2±11.8）°; 腕关节尺偏活动度术前为（10.5±6.3）°,术后为（31.3±4.4）°。Mayo评分结果：优10例,良7例,可4例。结论：应用桡骨远端截骨矫形术治疗尺侧腕屈肌腱移位,腕背侧关节囊及伸肌支持带紧缩重建远尺桡关节治疗桡骨远端骨折畸形愈合合并远尺桡关节脱位,手术效果良好,安全可靠。前臂旋转功能及腕关节各项运动功能得到有效恢复。     

手术治疗髋关节后脱位合并股骨头与髋臼骨折的体会

目的：探讨髋关节后脱位合并股骨头与髋臼骨折的手术治疗效果与预后。方法：回顾性总结17例髋关节后脱位合并股骨头骨折与髋臼骨折患者的手术治疗经验。所有患者于伤后12h内行髋关节手法复位,并于术前通过CT定位,股骨头骨折采用切开复位可吸收螺钉内固定,髋臼骨折根据情况或予切除,或予钢板内固定。结果：17例患者术后6个月内所有骨折均骨性愈合,无股骨头坏死,按Modifie Daobigne and Postal临床分级标准评定关节功能恢复情况,优8例,良7例,可2例。优良率为88.2%。结论：髋关节后脱位伴股骨头骨折与髋臼骨折,采取手术治疗可获得较好的预后。