Effects of 5-HT3 agonists on reproductive behaviors in rats

Activity at 5-HT₁ and 5-HT₂ receptor sites influences sexual behavior in male and female rats. 5-HT₃ antagonists reportedly have no effect on copulatory activity in rats of either sex although they influence a variety of other behaviors. The effects of 5-HT₃ agonists on sexual behavior are unknown. The following experiments were undertaken to assess the influence of the 5-HT₃ agonists 1-phenylbiguanide (PBG) and 2-methyl-serotonin (2-Me-5-HT) on sexual behavior, when administered intracerebroventricularly. Consistent with earlier reports indicating that 5-HT₁ and 5-HT₂ receptor activity influences reproductive activity in a sex-dependent manner, PBG was found to facilitate male, but not female, rat sexual behavior. 2-Me-5-HT, however, failed to modify either female or male rat sexual activity. Evidence that PBG, but not 2-Me-5-HT, induces carrier-mediated dopamine release suggests that the effect of PBG in male rats is due to dopaminergic mediation. Overall, the present data indicate that 5-HT₃ receptor activation has only slight effects on rat sexual behavior.     

Pharmacological characterization of performance on a concurrent lever pressing/feeding choice procedure: effects of dopamine antagonist,cholinomimetic, sedative and stimulant drugs

This experiment was undertaken to provide a pharmacological characterization of performance on a task involving food-related instrumental and consummatory behavior. Rats were tested in an operant chamber in which there was a choice between pressing a lever to receive a preferred food (Bioserve pellets) or approaching and consuming a less-preferred food (Lab Chow). The lever pressing schedule was a fixed ratio 5 (FR5). Rats usually pressed the lever at high rates to obtain the preferred food, and typically ate little of the lab chow even though it was freely available in the chamber concurrently with the lever pressing schedule. Previous work has shown that injection of dopamine (DA) antagonists, or depletion of DA in the nucleus accumbens, caused a substantial shift in behavior such that lever pressing was reduced but chow consumption increased. In the present study it was shown that the DA antagonist haloperidol decreased lever pressing and increased chow consumption at doses of 0.1 and 0.15 mg/kg. The D1 antagonist SCH 23390 (0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 mg/kg) and the non-selective DA antagonistcis-flupenthixol (0.3 and 0.45 mg/kg) decreased lever pressing and produced substantial increases in chow consumption. The D2 antagonist sulpiride decreased lever pressing, but produced only slight increases in chow intake at the highest dose. Pentobarbital reduced lever pressing and increased chow consumption at 10.0 mg/kg. The muscarinic agonist pilocarpine produced dose-related decreases in lever pressing, but failed to increase chow consumption. Amphetamine produced dose-related decreases in both lever pressing and chow consumption. These results indicate that low/moderate doses of the DA antagonists haloperidol,cis-flupenthixol and SCH 23390 can suppress lever pressing in doses that leave the animal directed towards food acquisition and consumption.     

Surface behavior of axolemma monolayers: Physico-chemical characterization and use as supported planar membranes for cultured Schwann cells

The axolemma membrane forms a stable and reproducible monomolecular layer at the air-aqueous interface. The major lipids and proteins are present in this monolayer in molar ratios similar to the original membrane. Acetylcholinesterase and Na-K-ATPase activities are preserved in the monolayer to levels of 64% and 25%, respectively. The total lipid fraction forms a homogeneously mixed phase. The presence of proteins in the monolayer introduces surface inhomogeneties. Among other features, this is revealed by the presence of two values of lateral pressure at which the monolayer shows partial or total collapse: a broad partial collapse at surface pressures between 13 to 30 mN/m and a sharp collapse point at 46 mN/m. The average molecular areas, the broad collapse point, and the variation of the surface potential per molecule suggest the relocation of protein components at surface pressures between 13 to 30 mN/m. The behavior is consistent with the extrusion and exposure of proteins toward the aqueous medium that depends on the lateral pressure. Schwann cells grown on coverslips coated with axolemma monolayers at 13 mN/m (beginning of the broad collapse) and 34 mN/m (above the broad collapse) recognize the difference in the surface organization of axolemma caused by the lateral pressure which affects their proliferation, morphology, and spatial pattern of organization. Our results show for the first time that response of Schwann cells depends on the intermolecular organization of the axolemma surface with which they interact. These results suggest that the local expression of putative surface molecules of axolemma that may mediate membrane recognition and the signalling of morphological and proliferative changes can be modulated by long range supramolecular properties. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Sexual risk behavior in women with cervical human papillomavirus infection

In a study of 972 women, sexual characteristics of 66 women with a cervical human papillomavirus infection (CHPI) were compared to the remaining study population. Among a number of sexual variables that were significantly correlated with CHPI were number of lifetime sexual partners, short partnerships, many recent partners, infidelity, casual travel sex, sexual début abroad, oral and anal sex, and sexual abuse. In multifactorial analyses four variables remained significantly correlated with CHPI, i.e., number of lifetime sexual partners, casual travel sex, sexual début abroad, and infidelity. It is concluded that CHPI shows most of the epidemiological characteristics of a sexually transmitted disease.     

中学生行为问题与家庭教育相关性分析

目的探讨家庭亲密度与适应性对学生行为问题的影响。方法随机抽取乐昌市5所中学的1536名中学生及家长或监护人,采用青少年行为量表对家长或监护人进行调查、家庭亲密度和适应性量表(中文版)对中学生进行调查。结果中学生行为问题总检出率10.3%,有行为问题学生的家庭亲密度及适应性显著低于无行为问题学生(P<0.05),女生的实际亲密度及适应性与青少年行为量表各因子分呈负相关,亲密度、适应的不满程度与行为问题各因子呈正相关;男生的实际亲密度及适应性与违纪、多动、攻击性、交往不良等行为问题因子呈负相关,与不满程度无关。结论家庭亲密度及适应性是影响初中学生行为问题的重要因素。     

甲状腺乳头状微小癌的诊治分析

目的探讨甲状腺乳头状微小癌的临床特征、诊断及治疗方式。方法回顾性分析1985～ 2 0 0 2年间我院收治并经病理证实的甲状腺乳头状微小癌 89例患者的临床资料。结果随访 89例 ,时间 5～ 196个月 ,平均 6 8 9个月。复发 5例 ,无死亡 ,未发现远处转移。因甲状腺良性病变手术而发现微小癌 38例 ,另 5 1例术前怀疑为癌 ,经活检发现微小癌。颈部淋巴结转移 4 0例 ,最多发生在颈深上、中组和气管食管沟组淋巴结。腺叶多发结节转移的发生率显著高于单发结节。不同大小的原发肿瘤 (≤ 5mm ;>5mm)在颈部淋巴结转移的发生率其差异有显著性。是否可触及肿大淋巴结对局部复发率的影响差异有显著性。结论术前触诊、B超检查、术中探查及冰冻组织切片对提高甲状腺乳头状微小癌的诊断非常重要。根据病情选择不同的切除范围 ,疗效是同样的。建议区分两类甲状腺乳头状微小癌 :一类良性进展 ,应以保守性手术为主 ;另一类侵袭性进展 ,有不良预后 ,应行积极的手术方式。     

再生丝素/NMMO·H2O溶液的流变性能

使用N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物的水合物(NMMO·H2O)作为再生丝素的溶剂.可以得到w=0.10～0.25的再生丝素/NMMO·H2O溶液.研究了再生丝素/NMMO·H2O溶液流变性能,讨论了剪切速率、温度和溶液中的再生丝素的含量对再生丝素/NMMO·H2O溶液流变性能的影响.     

茂名石化公司社区居民的慢性病调查及饮食建议

目的　探究成人肥胖与高血压、糖尿病的关系 ,并给予饮食方面的建议。方法　抽样调查。在社区内抽样 2 891名居民 (2 0～ 74岁 ,曾在三个生活小区之一居住 5年以上者 ) ,分析其患肥胖及其他相关因素。结果　肥胖症及超体重率分别为 4 . 0 1%、2 2 . 97%。经标准化后肥胖症发生率为 3 2 3% (男 3 .0 5 % ,女3. 4 2 % ) ,超体重率为 19. 5 5 % (男 2 2 . 4 2 % ,女 16 . 5 % )。而且 ,所有肥胖人群中发生高血压和糖尿病的危险百分率分别是 1 70、2 13。结论　在茂名石油公司社区成人超体重和患肥胖症的情况是严峻的 ,适当的营养和合理的膳食干预是减少高血压、糖尿病等慢性病发病率的有效措施之一。     

The role of the subfornical organ in the drinking behavior of the pigeon

Pigeons with radiofrequency lesions that damaged the subfornical organ (SFO) (n = 4) or that isolated it from adjacent structures (n = 5), but not sham-lesioned pigeons, were unresponsive to blood-borne (i.p.) ANG II (100 micrograms/pigeon) in the immediate postoperative period and for 60 days thereafter. These animals were less sensitive to hypovolemic challenge (20% PEG), but they responded normally to 24 h of water deprivation and to cellular dehydration. Despite their unresponsiveness to bloodborne ANG II, the lesioned pigeons drank normally to 10 ng of i.c.v. ANG II given as early as 10 days after surgery, and they drank reliably and vigorously but less in total volume to 100 ng i.c.v. They also drank quickly, vigorously, and in normal total volume to i.c.v. tachykinins and bombesins, and to the peripheral (i.p.) bombesins. Peripheral (i.m.) tachykinins produced only low volume and variable drinking in all birds tested regardless of brain damage. The SFO of the pigeon, like that of the mammal, is essential for drinking evoked by blood-borne ANG II and is not necessary for thirst aroused by ANG II acting from within the cerebral ventricles. Lastly, it does not mediate the dipsogenic effects of the tachykinins or the bombesins.     

云南罗平医院PM调查的分析与对策

文章以云南罗平医院为研究对象,调查了65名一般员工和21名科主任级中层领导,使用PM量表对该医院的高层及中层领导行为进行评估,对情景因素与领导行为的内在联系进行探讨,并提出改进对策。目的是了解员工需求,促进人力资源合理配置,从而提高医院的管理水平。