佛山市中小学生龋病流行病学调查

按世界卫生组织规定的标准和方法,对佛山市中小学生龋病的患病情况进行了抽样调查,并与1983年全国中小学生龋病牙周病调查中佛山市的结果进行比较,结果显示佛山市中小学生,无论乳恒牙的龋均和患龋率都无显著变化,但充填率却有大幅度提高。     

How useful are current caries risk assessment tools in informing the oral health care decision-making process?

Background

Caries risk assessment (CRA) tools could address oral health disparities and enhance the efficiency of the oral health care system. The authors aimed to explore the feasibility and limitations of using clinical CRA tools in informing oral health care policy-making processes.

重庆市3804例学龄前儿童龋病调查分析

目的:了解重庆市南岸区学龄前儿童的龋齿患病状况,为儿童保健工作提供基础数据。方法:整群抽样调查27个幼儿园共3804例儿童,用视诊结合探针检查的方法对龋病进行诊断,计算不同性别不同年龄儿童的龋病检出率和龋均指标,并比较其差别。结果:受检儿童的龋病检出率27.1%,在2～6岁组,随年龄增大,龋病检出率随之增加;受检儿童的龋均3.7,在3岁与4岁、3岁与5岁、3岁与6岁儿童间龋均的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。性别间的龋病检出率与龋均差异均无统计学意义。结论:受检儿童的龋病患病不容乐观,4岁之前是学龄前儿童防龋的关键时期,应特别重视4岁及以下儿童的口腔保健。     

Oral health literacy and associated oral conditions: A systematic review

Background

The authors systematically reviewed the scientific evidence regarding an association between oral health literacy (OHL) and oral conditions.

Mechanisms underlying methamphetamine-related dental disease

Background

The authors clarified the causal mechanisms underlying the high prevalence of dental disease encountered in people who habitually use methamphetamine (meth).

IMPACT OF THE BITEWING RADIOGRAPHY EXAM INCLUSION ON THE PREVALENCE OF DENTAL CARIES IN 12-YEAR-OLD STUDENTS IN THE CITY OF FRANCA,S?O PAULO,BRAZIL

Introduction:

The pattern of development of carious lesions has changed. The carious lesion has been progressive and reaches the dentin without showing alterations in the clinical aspects.

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence of caries in 12-year-old students in the city of Franca – São Paulo, Brazil, during the year of 2003, and to evaluate the additional value of bitewing radiograph to detect hidden carious lesions in permanent molar dentin.

Materials and Methods:

A probabilistic sample composed of two hundred and fifty six (256) students, from public and private schools, was submitted to a cross-sectional study through examination by a calibrated examiner, in order to detect the caries prevalence, using the methodology recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). For 66% of the sample, bitewing radiographs of the permanent molar region were obtained. The images were analyzed by a calibrated examiner, who established the presence of hidden caries in teeth with radiolucency in dentin, yet considered healthy in the epidemiological survey.

Results:

The prevalence of dental caries in epidemiological exam without (WHO) and with (WHO/R) the inclusion of hidden caries lesion was 54% and 64%, and the DMFT index was 1.73 and 1.92 respectively.

Conclusion:

Utilization of the method of bitewing radiographic diagnosis significantly increased (p<0.001) the prevalence of caries in the studied population.     

Dental caries in adolescents from public schools in Maputo, Mozambique

Aim : To assess dental caries prevalence in adolescents at urban and sub‐urban areas of Maputo‐City, Mozambique and to identify its relationship with dental fluorosis, dental plaque, nutritional status, frequency of sugar consumption and the concentration of fluoride in public water supply. Methods : Subjects (n=601) were randomly selected from five urban schools and five sub‐urban schools. Clinical examinations were performed under standardised conditions by a trained examiner using DMFT index, SiC index, fluorosis index, PHP, BMI, a sugar consumption questionnaire and water supply analysis. The bivariate analysis and Pearson correlation was used (p<0,05). Results : The mean (DMFT) was 0.9 (±1.65 SD). Children in urban schools showed less dental caries (0.8±1.49SD) than children in sub‐urban schools (1.1±1.80SD, p=0.03). Only 8.15% had very mild to moderate fluorosis but most presented poor oral hygiene. Cases of malnutrition were found in more sub‐urban schools (n = 109; 36.22%) than in urban schools (n = 66; 22.00%) (p=0.03). The frequency of sugar consumption was higher among urban children compared to suburban schools (p <0.00). The level of fluoride in water consumption in urban schools was 0.4 ppmF, above the level of fluoride in sub‐urban schools, 0.2 ppmF. Conclusion : Dental caries should not be considered a major oral health problem in Maputo at the moment. However the data suggest the implementation of a population strategy to reduce dental caries rates, in children of both urban and sub‐urban areas, in Maputo.