化妆品中甲基异噻唑啉酮及其氯代物的高效液相色谱测定法

目的 建立化妆品中甲基异噻唑啉酮及其氯代物的高效液相色谱法测定分析方法.方法 样品以甲醇为溶剂,经超声提取,以甲醇-水(体积比为25∶75)为流动相进行分离,流速为1.0 ml/min,二极管阵列检测器在276 nm波长处检测.结果 氯化甲基异噻唑啉酮和甲基异噻唑啉酮的线性范围分别为0.05～100 μg/ml和0.012 5～25 μg/ml,方法检出限分别为0.20和0.08 μg,实际样品的加标回收率分别为88.3%～92.9%和84.5%～93.9%,RSD分别为2.9%～5.8%和2.5%～9.4%(n=6).结论 该方法简便、快速、准确,可用于化妆品中甲基异噻唑啉酮及其氯代物的分析测定.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定化妆品中硒含量的不确定度评价

摘 要 目的：通过评定电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定化妆品中硒含量的测量不确定度,分析影响测量结果准确性的主要来源,提高检测的质量控制水平。方法: 采用微波消解 电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定化妆品的硒含量,分析测定过程中不确定度分量并计算合成不确定度和扩展不确定度。结果: 化妆品中硒的含量为（0.31±0.022）μg·g-1。测量结果不确定度主要来源于样品消解和测量重复性,其次是标准溶液的配制,而样品定容和样品称量引起的不确定度很小,标准曲线拟合引起的不确定度甚至可以忽略。结论: 本法建立的不确定度评定方法合理、完整,可为正确评价和使用检测数据提供合理和科学的理论依据。     

美白祛斑类化妆品有效成分的液相色谱测定法

目的 用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时测定美白祛斑类化妆品中的维C磷酸酯钠、熊果苷、氢醌、烟酰胺、树莓苷、苯酚6种有效成分.方法 在C8(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱上,以三乙醇胺溶液(11.15 g三乙醇胺用1 L水溶解,加1.75 ml磷酸调节pH至7.7) 甲醇=70 30为流动相,流速为1.2ml/min,使用二极管阵列检测器,检测波长为273nm,柱温为25℃下进行色谱分析.结果 该方法各组分线性范围均为2～2 000 mg/L,相关系数为0.997 3～0.9991,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于4.7%,加标回收率在87.3%～112.9%之间.结论 该方法具有简便、快速、准确等特点,基本能够满足分析要求.     

化妆品中重金属的微波消解火焰原子吸收测定法

目的建立化妆品中重金属的微波消解原子吸收测定方法。方法微波消解75种化妆品,原子吸收分光光度法测定化妆品中重金属铅、铬、砷、镉和铜的含量,试验了不同消解条件对消解效果的影响。结果微波消解时间为25min,阶梯增加压力,采用HNO3(7ml)-H2O2(2ml)体系,消解效果较好;该方法最小检出浓度为0.05mg/L,线性系数为0.9987～0.9995,相对标准偏差为2.3%～6.8%,加标回收率为75.0%～98.3%。结论该法适用于化妆品中重金属的测定。     

从皮肤科视角看化妆品监管科学体系的发展与未来

建立法规和探索法规建立的指导原则是监管科学的重要领域.这决定了该学科必须依赖于法律、政治和价值观等社会学内容,也决定了它有别于源自实验室的研究科学.很多国家把化妆品与药品、医疗器械等一起纳入政府医药卫生监管体系,这体现了政府对化妆品行业的重视.然而,化妆品的应用人群和市场行为与药品和医疗器械具有显著差异,因此化妆品相关...     

中国大鲵皮肤分泌黏液组分、生物活性及开发应用研究进展

中国大鲵是现存两栖动物中较为原始的名贵物种。历史古籍记载和现代研究表明中国大鲵兼具食药价值,其皮肤分泌的黏液更是具有多种生物活性。中国大鲵皮肤分泌黏液主要成分包括功能性蛋白质、肽类及多糖等,具有抗氧化、抗细菌、抗真菌、促进伤口愈合、抗血小板聚集、抗光老化等活性。通过检索中英文献数据库,对目前关于大鲵皮肤分泌黏液成分、生物活性、安全性及开发应用的文献进行归纳整理,旨在为大鲵皮肤分泌黏液的研究与开发提供借鉴。     

Screening of Chinese herbal medicines for antityrosinase activity in a cell free system and B16 cells

Aim of the study

Tyrosinase inhibitors are becoming increasingly important in controlling skin hyperpigmentation. We aimed to screen 50 extracts from traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) for tyrosinase activity-inhibiting agents.

Materials and methods

The 50 herbal extracts were prepared from 32 herbs and 18 TCM formulas, which are used as folk skin whiteners in China and have not been investigated for their skin-whitening mechanisms. Each herb and formula was extracted with 30% ethanol and water, respectively, and followed by column chromatography for isolating bioactive substances such as saponins, flavonoids and alkaloids for the antityrosinase activity study. Every extract was tested using the cell free mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory assay at 2 mg/ml for the single herb extracts and 1 mg/ml for formula extracts. Extracts showing greater than 50% inhibition against mushroom tyrosinase activity were further examined by cellular tyrosinase assay in mouse B16 cells. The cytotoxicity in B16 cells was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Results

In the cell-free assay, 10 out of the 50 extracts demonstrated more than 50% inhibition against mushroom tyrosinase activity. These 10 extracts were further assessed by cellular tyrosinase assay, and 6 showed > 50% inhibition with IC₅₀ values <1 mg/ml. The 6 extracts are from 3 herbs namely Ampelopsis japonica, Lindera aggregata, and Polygonatum odoratum, and 3 formulas namely Qian-wang-hong-bai-san, Qiong-yu-gao, and San-bai-tang. As compared with vitamin C, these 6 extracts showed similar or greater ratio of cell growth IC₅₀ to cellular tyrosinase IC₅₀. As compared with arbutin, extract from Ampelopsis japonica, Lindera aggregata, Qian-wang-hong-bai-san, or San-bai-tang had a similar, although extract from Polygonatum odoratum or Qiong-yu-gao had a greater, IC₅₀ value against murine tyrosinase activity.

Conclusions

From the screening assays we identified three Chinese medicinal herbs and three TCM formulas that have appreciable antityrosinase activity. Further studies are warranted to develop them as skin-whitening agents with convenient dosage forms or to identify active constituents from the extracts as useful leads for the development of skin whiteners.     

化妆品毒性检验壁垒性替代技术的研究进展

随着医学研究模式的转变，替代动物实验的体外模型研究成为毒理学发展的重要方向之一。目前应用于化妆品毒性检验的替代方法已从单层细胞培养、离体器官培养、鸡胚培养发展到人工器官的三维构建。不少替代产品已实现商品化供应，一些替代方法已通过有关机构的验证并被欧盟、美国等推广应用。因此，从化妆品安全性评价和动物实验替代的角度出发，开发新型的替代产品和替代方法是目前检验检疫行业迫切需要应对的壁垒性技术问题，也是实验动物学科发展的需要。     

Safety and risk assessment of ceramide 3 in cosmetic products

Ceramide 3 is used mainly as a moisturizer in various cosmetic products. Although several safety studies on formulations containing pseudo-ceramide or ceramide have been conducted at the preclinical and clinical levels for regulatory approval, no studies have evaluated the systemic toxicity of ceramide 3. To address this issue, we conducted a risk assessment and comprehensive toxicological review of ceramide and pseudo-ceramide. We assumed that ceramide 3 is present in various personal and cosmetic products at concentrations of 0.5–10%. Based on previously reported exposure data, the margin of safety (MOS) was calculated for product type, use pattern, and ceramide 3 concentration. Lipsticks with up to 10% ceramide 3 (MOS = 4111) are considered safe, while shampoos containing 0.5% ceramide 3 (MOS = 148) are known to be safe. Reported MOS values for body lotion applied to the hands (1% ceramide 3) and back (5% ceramide 3) were 103 and 168, respectively. We anticipate that face cream would be safe up to a ceramide 3 concentration of 3% (MOS = 149). Collectively, the MOS approach indicated no safety concerns for cosmetic products containing less than 1% ceramide 3.     

日常外用药物及化妆品在高压氧舱内自燃可能性的研究

目的系统地检测临床高压氧（ＨＢＯ）治疗中经常遇到的外用药物、用品及化妆品入舱的自燃可能性，以正确掌握防止随意性。方法用微型实验纯氧舱对９３种外用药物、用品及化妆品逐一进行模拟ＨＢＯ治疗实验检测。结果各被检物质在室温２２～２８℃、室内相对湿度６０％～８０％、舱中氧浓度９５％以上、实验压力０．３ＭＰａ（３ＡＴＡ）下，在９０分钟检测时间内未发生闪燃、自燃、着火及爆炸。结论ＨＢＯ治疗中始终应注意安全问题，但要按科学规律从事，避免过松和过严，本实验９３种物品在常规ＨＢＯ治疗中并不会发生自燃