Nasal and paranasal sinus anatomical variations in patients with rhinogenic contact point headache

Objective

To define anatomical variations that may lead to rhinogenic contact point headache.

Methods

Paranasal sinuses CT scan and medical records of sixty-five patients who underwent a successful endoscopic surgery for rhinogenic contact point headache reviewed.

Results

Eleven distinct anatomical variations were found in patients with rhinogenic contact point headache. All of them were surgically curable.

Conclusion

There are multiple anatomical situations that may lead to rhinogenic contact point headache and each one has its own characteristics. Treatment plan should be personalized for every patient considering the diagnosed anatomical variation.     

石决明提取液对晶状体抗氧化能力的影响

目的研究石决明提取液对人晶状体抗氧化能力的影响。方法采用双氧水干预体外培养人晶状体上皮细胞造成氧化损伤模型,同时加入不同浓度的石决明提取液,应用对照实验研究,分成空白对照组、阳性对照组即双氧水组和不同浓度的石决明干预组,于1、3、5天时用CCK-8检测各组人晶状体上皮细胞增殖能力,3天后用化学比色法检测SOD、GSH和MDA的水平。结果不同时间点时各实验组间HLECs增殖能力存在变化,各组间比较差异具有统计学意义（1天时,F=23922．421,P〈0．01;3天时,F=120605．864,P〈0．01;5天时,F=150939．452,P〈0．01）。H：02使细胞的增殖能力降低,石决明提取液使其提高,且在一定的时间和浓度范围内具有依赖性,其中以第3天时0．1％组最佳。双氧水组损伤后,人晶状体上皮细胞中SOD、GSH水平降低而MDA含量增高,石决明组提高了氧化损伤的人晶状体上皮细胞的抗氧化水平,减少脂质过氧化物的升高程度,差异具有统计学意义（SOD：F=983．042,P〈0．01;GSH：F=444．446,P〈0．01;MDA：F=830．523,P〈0．01）。结论石决明提取液可提高人晶状体的抗氧化能力。     

珍氯片与氯丙嗪治疗精神分裂症的比较

目的：比较珍氯片与氯丙嗪治疗精神分裂症的疗效和不良反应。方法：２００例精神分裂症病人分２组，珍氯片组１００例，服珍氯片８～１７片·ｄ~(-1)，氯丙嗪组１００例，服氯丙嗪２００～５００mg·d~(-1)，小剂量开始，逐步递增，均用６wk。结果：珍氯片组显效率１１％，总有效率７５％，氯丙嗪组为 １３％和８３％（Ｐ＞０．０５）。心动过速、便秘、口干等不良反应珍氯片组发生率低于氯丙嗪组（ Ｐ＜ ０． ０５）。珍氯片组血药浓度 ２， ６ wk 时为 １２２７ ｎｍｏｌ·Ｌ~(-1)± ５７１ｎｍｏｌ． Ｌ~(-1)， １４６７ nmolＬ± ５８０ ｎｍｏｌ． Ｌ~(-1)，氯丙嗪组为 １６０７ ｎｍｏｌ．Ｌ~(-1)± ６２８ ｎｍｏｌ．Ｌ~(－1)， １９８７ ｎｍｏｌ．Ｌ~(－1)± １０１０ ｎｍｏｌ·Ｌ~(-1)（均 Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：珍氯片治疗精神分裂症疗效与氯丙嗪相似，但剂量小，不良反应少。     

Augmentative Rhinoplasty with an ``Auricular Gibbus'

The philosophy of this work is to revise an interesting way to compensate a lack of nasal volume. Autologous auricular cartilage is used to augment a hollow dorsum. In this way, we treat depressed, asymmetrical, and irregular dorsa. We have 10 years' experience with this technique, in a total of nearly 350 cases. Among these cases are traumatic, secondary, and congenital noses. Prior to using this technique, we employed nasal septum, iliac crest bone or calotte, rib, dermis, fascia, etc. But actually, the ``neogibbus' provided by the upper fossette of the concha of the auricle is enough, except for cases of exceptional volume needs. The ear does not suffer any damage when it is treated appropriately, and a uni- or bilateral graft can be taken, if necessary, to create a strong gibbus in the manner of a ``sarcophagus' or of ``Russian dolls.'     

Comparison of different autografts for aural cartilage in aesthetic rhinoplasty: is the tragal cartilage graft a viable alternative?

Auricular cartilage is an important source of grafts for various reconstructive procedures such as aesthetic rhinoplasty. The purpose of this investigation was to compare tragal cartilage with auricular cartilage harvested from the concha and scapha, and describe its clinical viability, indications, and morbidity in rhinoplasty. A total of 150 augmentation rhinoplasties with a total of 170 grafts were included. The donor sites were tragus (n = 136), concha (n = 26), and scapha (n = 8). The time needed to harvest the grafts, the donor site morbidity, and the indications for operation were recorded. The anthropometric changes to 4 auricular variables after the cartilage had been harvested were analysed and compared with those on the opposite side in 48 patients using Student's paired t-test. Intraobserver reliability was assessed using Pearson's intraclass correlation. The mean (SD) harvesting time was 27 (8) min for the concha, 4.5 (1.4) min for the tragus, and 5.7 (1.6) min for the scapha. The largest graft was taken from the concha (28 × 19 mm), followed by the tragus (20 × 12 mm), and the scapha (18 × 6 mm). The grafts were placed at the following sites: tip grafts (n = 123), columella struts (n = 80), shield (n = 20), rim (n = 17), and dorsal onlay (n = 15). Harvesting tragal cartilage is safe, simple, fast, and has a low morbidity, but it can affect the patient's ability to wear earphones. Tragal cartilage is a good alternative for nasal reconstruction if a graft of no longer than 20 mm is required.     

CO2—重量法研究煅制贝壳类不同中药中CaCO3的分解

报道了用CO2重量法分析不同地区石决明、牡蛎、瓦楞子及蛤壳生、煅样品中CaCO3的含量，发现在这4种贝壳类中药的部分地区煅制品中，存在CaCO3已部分分解的现象，利用以该法测得的CaCO3含量，可算出煅制品的CaCO3分解率（Rd值）。实验结果证明Rd值与煅烧条件相关，这有助于进行贝壳类中药的煅制工艺分析。     

石决明清除1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基活性的研究

目的：探讨石决明药效成分的抗氧化活性。方法：用CM-Sephadex C-25离子交换色谱（ion exchange chromatog-raphy,IEC）梯度层析分离石决明酸溶性提取物,得到各分离组分280 nm处光吸收曲线,SDS-PAGE方法分析各组分蛋白成分,最后测定了各组分的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基（DPPH.）清除活性。结果：IEC梯度层析得到双峰洗脱曲线,具有较高OD280nm值的组分均显示出明显的SDS-PAGE蛋白电泳条带,DPPH.自由基清除能力实验结果表明,多个石决明IEC分离组分表现出良好的活性。结论：石决明除含有可能具有抗氧化活性的蛋白成分外,还存在可以清除DPPH.自由基的其他高活性物质。     

泡性中鼻甲伴黏液囊肿1例报道并文献分析

目的 提高对泡性中鼻甲（CB）及中鼻甲黏液囊肿的认识和诊治水平。方法 报道1例CB伴黏液囊肿患者的临床资料并复习相关文献,随访患者术后恢复情况。结果 患者行鼻内镜下左侧CB外侧部分切除术,患者术后恢复好,鼻腔解剖结构清楚,鼻腔功能保留。结论 CB是一种常见鼻腔解剖变异,在患者出现相关症状就诊时发现或在健康体检中发现,其发展缓慢,症状多样,临床上容易漏诊、误诊。外科手术为其主要治疗方法,具体手术方式结合患者情况行个体化治疗。     

瓦楞子的3种炮制品水煎液中金属元素的研究

对3种炮制品的水煎液和水煎液的消解液中11种金属元素的含量进行了测定。生品煅或煅醋淬后锌、铅等元素易煎出,水煎液消解后锌、钙等7种元素的含量发生了变化。