重症肝炎患者静脉采血后按压方法效果的比较与分析

目的对单棉签平行血管按压法和双棉签并排垂直血管按压法的效果进行比较,选择更好的按压方式尽可能地减少重症肝炎患者在静脉采血后可能出现的皮肤出血、血肿、皮下瘀斑等不良情况,减轻病患的痛苦。方法将重症肝炎患者与普通患者分为观察组与对照组,在组内又分别采用单棉签平行血管按压法和双棉签并排垂直血管按压法进行止血,并记录各组的反应情况。结果观察组内采用双棉签并排垂直血管按压法,皮肤出血、血肿、皮下瘀斑的概率明显低于采用单棉签平行血管按压法(P<0.01),差异具有统计意义;而对照组内采用两种按压方式出现不良反应的概率差异无统计学意义。结论对普通患者而言,两种按压方式的差别不大;但对于重症肝炎患者来说,双棉签并排垂直血管按压法能够有效地降低皮肤出血、血肿和皮下淤斑的发生率,进而达到更好的治疗和护理效果。     

腹腔镜下卵巢良性肿瘤剥除术中两种止血方法对卵巢储备功能的影响分析

目的探讨腹腔镜下卵巢良性肿瘤剥除术中采用双极电凝止血和缝合止血两种方法对卵巢储备功能的影响。方法50例行腹腔镜下单侧卵巢良性肿瘤剥除术患者,应用随机数表法分为A组和B组,每组25例。A组术中卵巢肿瘤剥离创面采用双极点状电凝止血,B组术中卵巢肿瘤剥离创面采用3-0可吸收线间断或连续缝合止血。比较两组患者手术前后雌二醇(E2)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、窦卵泡数(AFC)水平。结果50例患者手术过程均顺利,无中转开腹,术后对症治疗,无术后感染及出血,按时换药,如期出院。术后1个月,两组E2、AFC水平均低于术前,FSH高于术前,且A组E2(30.33±7.28)pg/ml、AFC(4.48±1.53)个均低于B组的(34.67±7.72)pg/ml、(5.68±1.46)个,FSH(10.33±2.25)U/L高于B组的(8.82±2.40)U/L,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后6个月,两组的E2、FSH水平与本组术前及组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组的AFC与术前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组的AFC低于本组术前及B组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜下良性卵巢肿瘤剥除术中双极电凝止血法及缝合止血法均可对卵巢储备功能造成一定影响,相对电凝止血法,手术缝合止血能更好的保护卵巢功能。     

Elution kinetics,antimicrobial activity,and mechanical properties of 11 different antibiotic loaded acrylic bone cement

Antibiotic-loaded acrylic bone cements (ALABC) spacers are routinely used in the treatment of prosthetic joint infections. The objectives of our study were to evaluate different ALABC for elution kinetics, thermal stability, and mechanical properties. A 10 or 20% mixture (w/w) beads of medium viscosity bone cement (DePuy, Inc) and vancomycin (VAN), gentamycin (GM), daptomycin (DAP), moxifloxacin (MOX), rifampicin (RIF), cefotaxime (CTX), cefepime (FEP), amoxicillin clavulanate (AmC), ampicillin (AMP), meropenem (MER), and ertapenem (ERT) were formed and placed into wells filled with phosphate-buffered saline. Antibiotic concentrations were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Antimicrobial activity was tested against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 or Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. AmC, AMP, and FEP concentration rapidly decreased after day 2, being almost undetectable at day 4. Sustained and high elution rates were observed with VAN, GM, MOX, and RIF for the 30-day duration of the experiment. DAP, MER, ERT, and CTX elution rates constantly decreased from day 4. All antibiotics tested retained antimicrobial activity proving thermal stability. Mechanical properties of ALABC were maintained except when RIF was used.