Identification of geographic clusters for temporal heterogeneity with application to dengue surveillance

Identifying transmission of hot spots with temporal trends is important for reducing infectious disease propagation. Cluster analysis is a particularly useful tool to explore underlying stochastic processes between observations by grouping items into categories by their similarity. In a study of epidemic propagation, clustering geographic regions that have similar time series could help researchers track diffusion routes from a common source of an infectious disease. In this article, we propose a two-stage scan statistic to classify regions into various geographic clusters by their temporal heterogeneity. The proposed scan statistic is more flexible than traditional methods in that contiguous and nonproximate regions with similar temporal patterns can be identified simultaneously. A simulation study and data analysis for a dengue fever infection are also presented for illustration.     

正常分娩综合性实验在产科护理教学中的应用研究

目的探讨在产科护理教学中应用正常分娩综合性实验教学取得的效果研究。方法选取2018年9月—2019年6月在该院实习120名护理本科生作为研究对象,依据奇数偶数分配原则分为两组,其中对照组60名学生进行常规的消毒操作和外阴清洁考核,观察组的60名学生应用正常分娩综合性实验进行考核,对比两组学生护理技能测试成绩以及取得的教学效果。结果观察组优良率(98.33%)高于对照组(88.33%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组团队协作能力、学习兴趣、解决问题能力、沟通能力及操作能力评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论产科护理教学中应用正常分娩综合性实验教学取得的效果显著,能提升教学成绩,让实习护理本科生更快掌握护理技巧,为医院输送优质护理人才,能缓解产科护理人员缺乏的现象,正常分娩综合性实验教学方案值得应用。     

2021年江苏省中药材生产统计分析

目的:对2021年江苏省中药材生产情况进行统计分析,为该省中药产业发展宏观管理和调控提供参考。方法:重点参考江苏省中药资源普查工作办公室、江苏省中药资源动态监测体系、国家中药材产业技术体系江苏相关岗站的实地调查数据,采用中药学、统计学与地理信息系统等领域的技术方法,对2021年江苏省全域中药材种植面积、品种,以及中药材产量、产值进行统计分析。结果:2021年,江苏省有68个县种植中药材,种植品种46种,种植面积共115.56万亩(1亩≈666.67 m^(2)),年产量54.06万t,年产值约69.38亿元。江苏省中药材种植面积及产量较大的地区主要分布在徐州市、盐城市、扬州市、南通市、泰州市和淮安市,占全省中药材种植总面积的97.72%。种植万亩以上的中药材有15种,种植面积达109.43万亩,占全省中药材种植面积的94.69%。本次统计中,江苏省乔木类中药材种植面积最大,种植面积为52.17万亩,占比45.14%;其次为草本类、藤本类、灌木类。江苏省重点中药材银杏、菊花、芡实、瓜蒌、黄蜀葵花和薄荷种植面积为40.97万亩,占全省中药材种植面积的37.44%;产量106336420 t,占全省中药材产量的19.66%。结论:本次统计结果反映了江苏省中药材的种植现状,为制定江苏省中药材生产及中药产业规划、调整农村中药材产业结构、建设中药材规范化种植基地提供科学依据,为促进中药资源信息化做出必要准备。     

互联网医患功能沟通质量综合评价研究

在前期研究基础上,参考TOPSIS综合评价法,对我国互联网医患功能沟通质量进行综合评价。比较了不同患者主动程度组、不同医院级别组、不同医生职称组的沟通质量水平差异,认为在互联网医患沟通中,提升患者主动程度、选择高级别的医院和高职称的医生,对于促进互联网医患功能沟通质量水平提升具有重要意义。     

Can the Multidimensional Prognostic Index Improve the Identification of Older Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 Likely to Benefit from Mechanical Ventilation? An Observational,Prospective, Multicenter Study

ObjectiveData on prognostic tools for indicating mechanical ventilation in older people with COVID-19 are still limited. The aim of this research was to evaluate if the Multidimensional Prognostic Index (MPI), based on the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA), may help physicians in identifying older hospitalized patients affected by COVID-19 who might benefit from mechanical ventilation.DesignLongitudinal, multicenter study.Settings and Participants502 older people hospitalized for COVID-19 in 10 European hospitals.MethodsMPI was calculated using 8 different domains typical of the CGA. A propensity score, Cox's regression analysis was used for assessing the impact of mechanical ventilation on rehospitalization/mortality for 90 days' follow-up, stratified by MPI = 0.50. The accuracy of MPI in predicting negative outcomes (ie, rehospitalization/mortality) was assessed using the area under the curve (AUC), and the discrimination with several indexes like the Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI) and the Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI).ResultsAmong 502 older people hospitalized for COVID-19 (mean age: 80 years), 152 were treated with mechanical ventilation. In the propensity score analysis, during the 90-day follow-up period, there were 44 rehospitalizations and 95 deaths. Mechanical ventilation in patients with MPI values ≥ 0.50, indicating frailer participants, was associated with a higher risk of rehospitalization/mortality (hazard ratio 1.56, 95% CI 1.09-2.23), whereas in participants with MPI values < 0.50 this association was not significant. The accuracy of the model including age, sex, respiratory parameters, and MPI was good (AUC = 0.783) as confirmed by an NRI of 0.2756 (P < .001) and an IDI of 0.1858 (P < .001), suggesting a good discrimination of the model in predicting negative outcomes.Conclusions and ImplicationsMPI could be useful for better individualizing older people hospitalized by COVID-19 who could benefit from mechanical ventilation.     

综合护理在烧烫伤患儿中的应用效果

目的分析综合护理在烧烫伤患儿护理中的应用效果。方法选取2020年5月至2021年7月蚌埠市第三人民医院收治的62例烧烫伤患儿为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组(31例)与对照组(31例)。对照组采用常规护理干预,观察组采取综合护理干预,比较两组患儿的护理总有效率、并发症发生率以及家属满意度。结果观察组的并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患儿的护理总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患儿家属对护理总满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在烧烫伤患儿护理期间,采用综合护理干预方法能够促进患儿康复,具有满意的临床效果,值得推广。     

脑囊虫病综合干预治疗前瞻性研究

目的：探讨综合干预治疗脑囊虫病的效果。方法：用不同抗囊药物治疗方案,不同抗囊治疗时间,脱水剂和皮质激素及手术进行综合干预。结果：约束抗囊治疗后1年回访,吡喹酮,阿苯达唑联合用药优于单剂用药（P＜0．05）,接受抗囊治疗时间越早效果越好（P＜0．05）,应用脱水剂,皮质激素组和手术组其有效率明显高于非应用组（P＜0．05）,后遗症发生率亦大大降低（P＜0．05）,结论：四种方法综合干预可大大提高脑囊虫病治愈率,明显减轻患者后遗症的发生。     

2021年岷县主产中药材生产统计数据挖掘分析

目的:明确2021年岷县各乡镇主要中药材种植面积及其产量,分析岷县耕地海拔特征,统计其各乡镇合作社数量,为岷县中药材产业调控及发展提供参考。方法:利用空间自相关的方法分析岷县主产中药材当归、党参、黄芪的种植面积、产量在空间上的分布特征,同时分析岷县各乡镇土地利用类型、海拔、生产单位等的地理空间分布格局及不同类型变量间的相互影响规律。结果:据统计2021年岷县主产中药材(当归、党参、黄芪)共栽培36.8万亩(1亩≈666.67 m^(2)),栽培面积及产量最大的乡镇是梅川镇,最小的是马坞镇。经空间自相关分析各乡镇主产中药材除当归种植面积呈现离散分布,其余均为随机分布。岷县18个乡镇耕地面积(旱地)蒲麻镇>西江镇>闾井镇>清水镇>维新镇>禾驮镇>梅川镇>申都乡>中寨镇>锁龙乡>寺沟镇>十里镇>秦许乡>茶埠镇>麻子川镇>西寨镇>岷阳镇>马坞镇。岷县18个乡镇中梅川镇的合作社数量最多,达到185家。结论:有利于了解岷县各乡镇主产中药材种植面积及产量差异,为岷县主产中药材生产统计数据的分析模式构建、中药生产布局的优化提供参考。