放射自显影在移植器官低温保存研究中的应用

目的：研究外源笥三磷酸腺苷（adenosine triphosphate,ATP）是否能够进入低温保存大鼠肝脏细胞内。方法：采用大鼠肝脏持续低温机器灌流保存模型,利用放射自显影技术判定[α-^32P]ATP是否进入细胞内。结果：灌流液中不加[α-^32P]ATP的A组光镜照片显示大鼠肝细胞内外均未见特异性标记银粒显影,而灌流液中含37MBq[α-^32P]ATP的B组光镜照片显示大鼠肝细胞内可见多个大小不等的[α-^32P]ATP自显影银粒分布,而肝窦及肝小叶中央静脉等血管内则几乎无黑色自显银粒分布。结论：外源性ATP能够进入低温保存大鼠肝细胞内。     

3味山姜属中药黄酮类成分对大鼠环核苷酸水平及交感神经-肾上腺轴的影响

目的：观察高良姜、大高良姜、红豆蔻黄酮类成分对胃溃疡寒证大鼠环核苷酸水平及交感神经-肾上腺轴的影响,探讨3味山姜属中药温热药性的物质基础。方法：采用灌服冰知母水煎液与15%冰乙酸制备大鼠胃溃疡寒证模型,以干姜姜辣素为阳性对照,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法测定腺苷酸环化酶（AC）、磷酸二酯酶2（PDE2）、环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）、环磷酸鸟苷（cGMP）、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、多巴胺β羟化酶（D-β-H）含量。结果：与空白组比较,胃溃疡寒证模型组大鼠胃组织AC、cAMP含量及cAMP/cGMP比值显著降低,PDE2含量显著升高（P<0.01）。与模型组比较,高良姜、大高良姜、红豆蔻高低剂量组大鼠胃组织AC含量升高;高良姜、大高良姜、红豆蔻高低剂量组大鼠胃组织PDE2含量显著降低,cAMP含量、cAMP/cGMP比值显著升高（P<0.01或P<0.05）。结论：3味山姜属中药黄酮类成分通过调节胃溃疡寒证大鼠环核苷酸水平从而促进交感神经-肾上腺轴功能活动的作用,也体现出黄酮类成分药性温热。     

与人精子有共同抗原的临床细菌分离株的筛选

紧ＲＡＨＳ－Ａｂ与４９３株临床细菌分离株进行玻片凝集反应，筛选出４种１１株可与ＲＡＨＳ－Ａｂ发生明显凝集反应的细菌株。选择其中Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ５０６株作进一步研究。制备Ｅ。ｃｏｌｉ５０６株全菌蛋白进行包被，ＥＬＩＳＡ检测可与ＲＡＨＳ－Ａｂ出现阳性反应。进一步将全菌蛋白与ＲＡＨＳ－Ａｂ进行Ｗｅｓｔａｒｎ印迹反应，发现可出现数处理阳性反应带，其中们于３６ｋＤ和６７ｋＤ的两个条带反应最为明显。制备人精子蛋白     

大鼠颈总动脉与脑膜中动脉粘弹性测试

以生物力学的观点研究大鼠颈总动脉与脑膜中动脉应力松弛和蠕变粘弹性行为,为临床提供生物力学参数。对大鼠颈总动脉与脑膜中动脉进行拉伸应力松弛、蠕变实验。得出了颈总动脉与脑膜中动脉拉伸应力松弛、蠕变实验数据和曲线,以一元线性回归分析的方法处理实验数据,得出了大鼠颈总动脉与脑膜中动脉归一化应力松弛函数、蠕变函数数据和曲线及两组试样实验数据的回归系数c、d和ab、值。结果表明:脑膜中动脉应力松弛、蠕变7200s应力松弛量、蠕变量显著大于颈总动脉(P<0.05)。     

常温氧合血性心停搏液持续灌注心肌保护效应的实验研究

目的　采用随机对比的实验研究方法从测定心肌酶学、氧自由基代谢产物及心肌特异性蛋白几个方面来探讨冷晶体心停搏液间断灌注及常温氧合血性心停搏液连续灌注两种灌注方法的心肌保护效应。方法１４只犬随机分为①对照组：冷晶体心停搏液间断灌注;②实验组：常温氧合血性心停搏液连续灌注。采集不同时点的犬冠状静脉窦血为测定标本,测定心肌特异性酶ＣＫ－ＭＢ、心肌特异性钙蛋白Ｔ（ｃＴｎ－Ｔ）,氧自由基代谢产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）。结果对照组在主动脉开放后,ＣＫ－ＭＢ、ＭＤＡ、ｃＴｎ－Ｔ明显升高,实验组升高幅度较小。两组间比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论常温氧合血性心停搏液连续灌注,可以充分保证心肌在常温停跳期间的血供和氧供,避免了心肌缺血缺氧,明显地减轻了心肌缺血再灌注损伤,是一种非缺血性、比较理想的心肌保护方法。     

临床常用药物对人体酸碱平衡的影响

目的：探讨临床常用药物对人体酸碱平衡的影响,指导临床工作。方法：用酸度计测定九种药品ｐＨ值,计算氢离子浓度。结果：偏碱性的药物有５０ｇ／Ｌ碳酸氢钠,谷氨酸钠、谷氨酸钾注射液;偏酸性的药物有盐酸精氨酸、维生素Ｃ、各种浓度葡萄糖注射液、氯化钠注射液。结论：临床上一些常用药品会影响人体的酸碱平衡,尤其在机体酸碱平衡调节发生障碍的情况下,更应谨慎。     

Comments on 'the great legalization debate'

The debate over the legalization of drugs should be encouraged so that an appropriate and acceptable strategy can be formulated. Any policy should be based on the available data which should not be used selectively to establish an ideological position. Ultimately, the policy should be determined by what outcomes are considered to be the most desirable, taking into account both short term and long term objectives.     

Extrahepatic bile duct angulation by T-tube: The elbow sign

The normal shape of the extrahepatic bile ducts approximates a straight line. The cholangiograms of 50 patients with indwelling T-tube catheters were retrospectively reviewed between 4 and 14 weeks postcholecystectomy. We observed a lateral distortion in the shape of the bile ducts in 35 patients (70%) such that an angle measured between the proximal and distal parts of the duct, centered at the site of T-tube insertion, decreased to between 60° and 158°. We have called this observation the elbow sign, which to our knowledge has not been previously described and appears to be of no clinical consequence.     

论虚寒证基因芯片及生物信息的高起点切入研究——分子中医研究系列报道(1)

从辨证论治的 3点不足 ,前瞻现代数理思维的重要性 ,引进前沿生物科技的必要性 ;从虚寒证的研究基础和寒的本义论述了虚寒证现代研究的优势 ;对于虚寒证等中医复杂证候的研究 ,必须多学科的交叉 ,尤其是目前可利用的利器 :基因芯片、生物信息等 ,可望从虚寒证的基因组研究切入 ,突破“证”的瓶颈     

Responses of antioxidant systems in the hepatocytes of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) to the toxicity of microcystin-LR.

The freshwater, bloom-forming cyanobacterium (blue-green alga) Microcystis aeruginosa produces a peptide hepatotoxin, which causes the damage of animal liver. Recently, toxic Microcystis blooms frequently occur in the eutrophic Dianchi Lake (300 km2 and located in the South-Western of China). Microcystin-LR from Microcystis in Dianchi was isolated and purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and its toxicity to mouse and fish liver was studied (Li et al., 2001). In this study, six biochemical parameters (reactive oxygen species, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxide and glutathione S-transferase) were determined in common carp hepatocytes when the cells were exposed to 10 microg microcystin-LR per litre. The results showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents increased by more than one-time compared with the control after 6 h exposure to the toxin. In contrast, glutathione (GSH) levels in the hepatocytes exposed to microcystin-LR decreased by 47% compared with the control. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxide (GSH-Px) increased significantly after 6 h exposure to microcystin-LR, but glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity showed no difference from the control. These results suggested that the toxicity of microcystin-LR caused the increase of ROS contents and the depletion of GSH in hepatocytes exposed to the toxin and these changes led to oxidant shock in hepatocytes. Increases of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities revealed that these three kinds of antioxidant enzymes might play important roles in eliminating the excessive ROS. This paper also examined the possible toxicity mechanism of microcystin-LR on the fish hepatocytes and the results were similar to those with mouse hepatocytes.