3种方法治疗桡骨远端骨折的疗效比较

目的回顾性分析3种方法治疗桡骨远端骨折的疗效。方法回顾性分析自2010-05—2013-05诊治的桡骨远端骨折72例,其中21例采用手法复位石膏固定(石膏组),23例采用C型臂X线机透视下闭合复位外固定架固定(支架组),28例采用掌侧入路切开复位T-LCP内固定(内固定组)。结果支架组在放射学评分上优于石膏固定组,疗效评定与石膏固定组差异无统计学意义(P=0.007),内固定组在疗效及放射学评分方面均优于支架组及石膏组(χ2=10.023 4,P=0.040)。结论采用Henry入路T-LCP内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折能较好地恢复关节面平整、掌倾角及尺偏角,并发症少,较手法复位石膏固定及外固定架固定有明显的优势。     

Shoulder pain prevalence and risk factors in middle-aged women: A cross-sectional study

PurposeThe aim of the current study was to investigate the prevalence of shoulder pain and to explore the possible associated risk factors in middle-aged women.MethodsA total of 500 middle-aged women, aged 45–65 years, participated in this cross-sectional study. The point and lifetime prevalence of shoulder pain were calculated. Linear and logistic regressions were used to determine the possible associations between the risk factors and present shoulder pain.ResultsThe point and lifetime prevalence of shoulder pain were 18.6% and 27.6%, respectively. The logistic regression analysis demonstrated a significant association between present shoulder pain and history of shoulder pain and trauma, osteoporosis, trapezius muscle pain, and cervical radiculopathy (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant association between present shoulder pain and diabetes mellitus or postural deviation (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe results indicated that shoulder pain has considerable prevalence in middle-aged women. In addition, a history of shoulder pain and trauma, osteoporosis, trapezius muscle pain, and cervical radiculopathy were found to be associated with present shoulder pain. Future research should concentrate on longitudinal designs that explore preventive strategies and risk factors for shoulder pain.     

2007--2008年石家庄市涂阳肺结核病人密切接触者筛查结果分析

目的了解涂阳肺结核病人密切接触者的发病情况。方法对新登记的涂阳肺结核病人的密切接触者先进行症状筛查,对有症状的密切接触者进行免费的x线胸片、查痰、结核菌素试验等检查。结果2007—2008年石家庄市涂阳病人的非家庭密切接触者较家庭的密切接触者更容易发病,非家庭密切接触者的发病率为1643／10万远远高于家庭的密切接触者的发病率317／10万。结论在结核病的防治工作中,涂阳病人的非家庭密切接触者更应受到关注,如学校、监狱等人员密集的特殊场所,更要加强结核病的防治工作。     

短刺法针刺治疗颈源性头痛的疗效观察

[目的]观察短刺法针刺对颈源性头痛的治疗效果。[方法]将80例患者随机分为2组,每组40例,观察组采用短刺法针刺,对照组采用常规针刺。治疗前后观察头痛视觉模拟评分值变化。[结果]两组疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评分与疗前差异均有统计学意义(P<0。05);两组治疗后比较,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0。05),观察组优于对照组。观察组临床治愈25例,显效11例,有效4例,无效0例,愈显率为90。0%;对照组临床治愈18例,显效11例,有效9例,无效2例,愈显率为72。5%,两组愈显率差异有统计学意义(P<0。05)。[结论]短刺法针刺治疗颈源性头痛的疗效较常规针刺显著。     

闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗胫腓骨中下段骨折

目的：探讨闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗胫腓骨中下段骨折的疗效。方法：对17例胫腓骨中下段骨折采用闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗,分析其临床效果。结果：随访4～17个月,骨折全部愈合,无感染和骨筋膜室综合症,断钉等并发症的发生,按照Johner—Wruhs的评价标准,优16例．良1例,优良率100％。结论：闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗胫腓骨中下段骨折,对局部软组织干扰小,操作简单,稳定性好,术后可早期功能锻炼,并发症少,是治疗有适应症的胫腓骨中下段骨折的首选方法。     

胸腔穿刺技术的改进

胸腔穿刺术是检查胸腔积液的性质、抽液、排气,减轻压迫症状或胸腔内注药等临床常用的诊疗技术。在临床实践的逐渐探索中胸腔穿刺技术得到不断的改进,改良后胸腔穿刺技术在实用性、安全性、有效性等方面有了很大的提高。本文对近年来出现的胸腔穿刺改良技术进行了综述。     

肺结核患者家庭密切接触者结核患病情况调查

目的 比较不同年龄、婚姻状况、住院次数肺结核患者家庭成员行结核相关检查与结核患病情况,了解肺结核患者年龄、婚姻状况、住院次数对家庭成员患病情况的影响,为临床健康教育提供事实依据.方法 对我科300例住院肺结核患者进行调查.结果 30岁以下肺结核患者家庭行结核相关检查的户数为37.93%,确诊户数为0;30～60岁患者家庭行结核相关检查的户数为64.44%,确诊户数占相关检查户数的27.59%;60岁以上患者家庭行结核相关检查的户数为61.54%,确诊户数占相关检查户数的56.25%.已婚患者家庭行结核相关检查的户数为64.86%,确诊户数占相关检查户数的35.40%;未婚患者家庭行结核相关检查的户数为30.77%,确诊户数为0.初次住院患者家庭行结核相关检查的户数为48.76%,确诊户数占相关检查户数的25.60%;第2次住院患者家庭行结核相关检查的户数为100%,确诊户数占相关检查户数的27.27%;3次及3次以上住院患者家庭行结核相关检查的户数为66.67%,确诊户数占相关检查户数的66.67%.结论 肺结核患者家庭行结核相关检查户数及确诊户数与患者年龄、住院次数成正比,30岁以下、30～60岁、60岁以上三者比较有明显差异(P<0.01),初次住院、第2次住院、第3次及3次以上的住院三者比较有明显差异(P<0.01),已婚患者家庭行结核相关检查户数及确诊户数均多于未婚患者,两者比较有明显差异(P<0.01).     

Development of a Parent Advocate Program as Part of a Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Service

The provision of peer support by individuals who have had personal experience with a particular crisis can be a vital component in facilitating the adjustment process of others who are confronted with the sane crisis. There is growing interest in using such peer support for thc parents of children and adolescents with diseases such as cancer. This article describes the historical development and current focus of the Parent Advocate Program within the Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology at the University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York. The authors discuss potential pitfalls, such as emotional involvement with families on the parent advocate's part, and present ingredients for the development of a successful program, including careful selection of individuals who can interact successfully with various staff members and learn the professional role of parent advocate.     

广州市2006年禽流感患者未造成密切接触者传播的调查

目的 探讨人感染禽流感的密切接触者传播的可能性。方法 根据卫生部公布的定义和办法，发现和确定密切接触者，开展流行病学调查和医学观察，并检测部分接触者的血清抗体。结果 2006年广州市发生的禽流感患者，在发病前1个月未离开过该地，且无病、死禽的接触史；共发现了56名密切接触者，包括其女友、医务人员、亲属、朋友。经过7天的医学观察，未发现密切接触者被感染的现象。结论 与SARS传播不同，广州市禽流感患者在潜伏期末和发病期间，未发现可能通过飞沫、唾液、黏膜、皮肤伤口直接接触等方式造成人间传播，提示目前禽流感病毒引起人间传播的能力不强。