体外无血清小鼠胚胎种植模型的建立

目的 观察小鼠胚胎的体外发育及种植过程。方法 采用全组蜕膜细胞培养方式进行体外培养，然后移入孕４ｄ的小鼠胚胎，建立无血清联合培养体系，对胚胎和蜕膜细胞的生长情况进行显微观察。结果 小鼠胚胎在体外无血清培养体系中能够顺利孵化、粘附、种植及外延生长，并形成外胎盘锥和羊膜囊；蜕膜细胞的形态在４ｄ与小鼠胚胎的共同培养时限内保持完好。结论 蜕膜细胞是理想的培养的饲养细胞，本实验方法具有简单、实用和可靠的特点     

血管内置入型人工肺的传质计算与in vitro模拟实验对比分析

本文对自制的血管内置入型人工肺 (IVOX)的性能以生理盐水为介质进行了invitro测试 ,并用Vaslef等人的半经验理论模型对实验测试结果进行了计算 ;结果表明自制的IVOX具有一定的氧合和排二氧化碳功能 ,Vaslef等人的半经验模型可方便有效的表达IVOX的传质效果。     

Mpl受体介导的HEL细胞电子传递反应的变化

为研究Mpl受体介导的HEL细胞电子传递反应的变化,建立了用细胞电极测定HEL细胞电子传递的电化学方法。结果发现,当TPO-Mpl作用后数分钟可以观察到一个向上的“”形氧化电位,TPO-Mpl的最大作用出现在5分钟内,TPO-Mpl的解离在二者作用后60分钟趋向明显,240分钟后完全解离。Scatchard分析说明HEL细胞表面有两种Mpl受体亲和力(K_1=1.8 pmol/L,K_2=1.11nmol/L)。结果提示,TPO与Mpl受体结合迅速,解离缓慢,HEL细胞上存在两种亲和力的Mpl受体。该方法灵敏、方便,可以连续观察,需要细胞少(1.0×10~4细胞)。     

The period of latency before a muscle receptor generates an action potential as a response to a muscle stretch

Six primary (Ia) and seven secondary (II) muscle spindle afferents and eight Golgi tendon organ afferents (Ib) from the tibial anterior muscle of the cat, recorded at the dorsal roots, were subjected to a sinusoidal stretch of the host muscle, the frequency of which increased linearly from 2 to 80 Hz over four different lengths of time. Both the amplitude of the sinusoidal stretch and the prestretch of the muscle were varied. The phase of the action potentials was determined. The phase of the action potential, driven 1:1, increased linearly with frequency. From the gradient of the phase of this action potential the muscle-muscle receptor latency was determined, i.e., the period of latency between the stretch of the muscle and the occurrence of the action potential at the muscle nerve where it enters the muscle. The muscle-muscle receptor latency had values lying between 3 and 8 ms: it was dependent on the experimental parameters and became shorter as the conduction velocity of the afferent fiber increased. In three experiments the muscle latency was determined, i.e., the period of latency before the stretch was transferred from the tendon of the muscle to the proximal third of the muscle belly. The muscle was stretched sinusoidally under the same varying parameters as given above. The length changes occurring in the proximal third of the muscle were measured with a piezo element. The muscle latency was determined from the slope of the phase of the zero points of the sinusoidal piezo length changes; the phase increases linearly with frequency. The muscle latency had values lying between 6 and 15 ms: it was dependent on the experimental parameters. The muscle spindle latency, i.e., the period of latency between the stretch of the polar parts of the intrafusal muscle fibers and the recording of the action potentials from the spindle nerve near the spindle capsule, was determined from 5 Ia fibers and 1 II fiber of isolated muscle spindles. The isolated muscle spindle was stretched under the same varying parameters as given above. The muscle spindle latency was determined from the slope of the phase of the phase-locked action potential. The muscle spindle latency as measured by our method proved to be 0 ms. The latencies of the three elements and their dependence on the experimental parameters are discussed in the light of the transfer properties of the muscle and the muscle receptors.     

用趾腓侧皮瓣修饰第二足趾移植再造拇指

目的　介绍用趾腓侧皮瓣修饰第二足趾移植再造拇指的方法。方法　利用第一跖背动脉、第一跖底动脉与趾底固有动脉之间在趾蹼处相互吻合的特点 ,在切取第二足趾的同时携带趾腓侧皮瓣 ,并将其嵌入第二足趾跖侧 ,以消除第二足趾中段狭细的外形。临床应用 12例 12指。结果　 12个再造拇指及携带的皮瓣全部成活 ,再造拇指外形非常满意 ,感觉恢复良好。结论　用该方法再造的拇指 ,克服了传统足趾移植后拇指外形较细的缺点 ,形态更逼真。术后对趾供区的外形及功能无明显影响     

内窥镜镜视下切取腓肠神经的初步报告

目的 介绍内窥镜镜视下切取腓肠神经的方法。方法 对5例上肢神经大段缺损患者，沿小腿部腓肠神经行径，距外踝后侧15.cm处作长2cm的直切口，在小腿三头肌肌腹，肌腱交界处作长2cm的直切口。利用UniversaL Subcutaneous Endoscope System，在内窥镜镜视下，解剖分离腓肠神经后将其完整地自外踝处切口内抽出，并用电凝止血。将腓肠神经移植于上皮神经缺损处。结果 5例均顺利取出腓肠神经，在放大10倍手术显微镜下观察，腓肠神经无明显损伤，患肢未发生血肿等并发症。结论 内窥镜镜视下取腓肠神经是安全的，并将常规手术要35－40cm的大切口可缩短为长2cm的2－3个小切口。     

Refractive astigmatism acts predominantly as a source of high spatial frequency image distortion: The associated lineal distortions can be overcome by using a low pass spatial filter!

Purpose: Surprisingly, an important characteristic of astigmatism has been overlooked by ophthalmic and clinical scientists. Apparently, refractive astigmatism is due largely to a form of high spatial frequency image distortion. Methods: Characteristic astigmatic image distortion can be minimized or eliminated by using a low-pass spatial filter (here, a ground glass plate was employed for this purpose). The ground glass is placed a short distance in front of a visual acuity chart, or it may be used with other tests, such as vernier acuity. Results: This test has been performed by us on large numbers of patients and test subjects. A clinician can try this test for himself/herself. Place a +2.00 D.C. (any axis) lens in front of the eye; the usual distortions will be observed. Locate the ground glass plate as described. The usual distortions associated with the conoid of Stürm will not be visible or will be virtually eliminated, although some image blur will remain. Conclusions: This technique has significance, e.g., in visual screening programs in developing nations, or in assessing patients with media disorders prior to ophthalmic surgery. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

New p53-based anti-cancer therapeutic strategies

Thep53 gene is frequently mutated in human tumours and therefore an important target for therapeutic intervention. Several p53-based strategies for treatment of cancer are currently under development.p53 gene therapy has resulted in tumour regression in patients with lung cancer. A mutant adenovirus can obliterate tumour cells carrying mutant p53 or lacking p53, but is unable to replicate in normal cells. Furthermore, current studies suggest that reactivation of mutant p53 proteins in tumours using small p53-activating molecules may initiate p53-dependent apoptosis and thus eliminate the tumour.     

胆固醇转移率影响因素的分析

本工作测定了正常人及与动脉粥样硬化(AS)有关疾病患者的胆固醇转移率(Rate of CholesterolTransfer, RCT)。证实患者的RCT均显著降低;高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-ch)、季节、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、年龄、吸烟、遗传家族史、病种数对RCT有影响,无论正常人或病人HDL-ch与RCT呈正相关,支持HDL-ch与AS呈反相关的理论。