Spiritual/religious coping and depressive symptoms in informal caregivers of hospitalized older adults

This aim of this study was assess whether positive and negative spiritual/religious coping (SRC) strategies are associated with depressive symptoms (DS) of informal caregiver (IC) of hospitalized older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 98 IC of hospitalized older adults in the medical clinic of a Brazilian School Hospital. The functionality, Positive and Negative SRC strategies and DS were evaluated. The IC had high average use of SRC, with Positive SRC being more used than Negative SRC. In the unadjusted regression model, Positive and Negative SRC were associated with DS. However, when adjusted for confounding factors, only Negative SRC remained associated with DS. The IC had used their religious and spiritual beliefs as a way to cope with the stress that comes from caring for hospitalized older adults. Although the positive strategy use of these beliefs was more common, only the negative strategies were associated with a higher DS.     

The Growing Demand for Hospice and Palliative Medicine Physicians: Will the Supply Keep Up?

Context

The need for hospice and palliative care is growing rapidly as the population increases and ages and as both hospice and palliative care become more accepted. Hospice and palliative medicine (HPM) is a relatively new physician specialty, currently training 325 new fellows annually. Given the time needed to increase the supply of specialty-trained physicians, it is important to assess future needs to guide planning for future training capacity.

Functional constipation in children:non-pharmacological approach

Teb(medicine)as described by Avicenna on the opening pages of the al-Qānūn fīal-Tibb(The Cannon of Medicine)was"a science by which one learns the conditions of the human body in health and in the nonexistence of health to keep health or to bring it back".According to Avicenna’s Canon of Medicine and other traditional Persian medicine(TPM)resources,the observance of the six essential qualities provides guidance to any medical intervention.     

中西医结合治疗烧烫伤临床研究

目的：探讨中西医结合法治疗烧烫伤的临床疗效。方法：选取100例Ⅱ度和Ⅲ度烧烫伤患者,随机分为对照组50例、治疗组50例,对照组运用常规法处理,治疗组在对照组基础上予以中药烧伤2号酊做内敷料,外用棉垫包扎。观察两组患者临床疗效及不良反应发生情况。结果：治疗组有效率为96％,平均显效病程为4．1 d;对照组有效率为60％,平均显效病程为7．8 d,两组有效率及平均显效病程比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论：中西医结合法治疗烧烫伤具有良好的临床效果。文献引用：唐政．中西医结合治疗烧烫伤临床研究[J]．中医学报,2015,30（5）：668－669．     

Dietary Pattern Is Associated with Obesity in Older People in China: Data from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS)

Background: No studies have been conducted to explore the associations between dietary patterns and obesity among older Chinese people, by considering gender and urbanization level differences. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey (2745 individuals, aged ≥ 60 years). Dietary data were obtained using 24 h-recall over three consecutive days. Height, Body Weight, and Waist Circumference were measured. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify dietary patterns. Multinomial and Poisson regression models were used to examine the association between dietary patterns and Body Mass Index (BMI) status/central obesity. Results: The prevalence of general and central obesity was 9.5% and 53.4%. Traditional dietary pattern (high intake of rice, pork and vegetables) was inversely associated with general/central obesity; modern dietary pattern (high intake of fruit, fast food, and processed meat) was positively associated with general/central obesity. The highest quartile of traditional dietary pattern had a lower risk of general/central obesity compared with the lowest quartile, while an inverse picture was found for the modern dietary pattern. These associations were consistent by gender and urbanization levels. Conclusions: Dietary patterns are associated with general/central obesity in older Chinese. This study reinforces the importance of a healthy diet in promoting healthy ageing in China.     

牛贝消核提取物血清药物化学的初步研究

目的: 对抗结核中药牛贝消核提取物进行血清药物化学初步研究,通过分析入血成分,探讨牛贝消核发挥药效的物质基础。方法: 2018年4月至2019年6月在中国人民解放军总医院第八医学中心全军结核病研究所制备桔梗、白及、鱼腥草和牛蒡子标准品溶液及牛贝消核供试品;55只小鼠随机分为11组,每组5只:1~5组为牛贝消核提取物组,每只小鼠每天给予 1.25mg/g牛贝消核提取物灌胃;6~10组为牛蒡苷组,每只小鼠每天给予 0.3mg/g牛蒡苷灌胃;11组为空白对照组,给予蒸馏水灌胃;连续灌胃7d。于末次给药后0.5、1、2、4、6h小鼠眼眶后静脉丛取血,制备血清供试品溶液。采用高效液相色谱法(high-performance liquid chromatography, HPLC)分析各中药标准品、牛贝消核提取物供试品及各组小鼠给药后血清供试品溶液,分析色谱图中各物质保留时间;然后参照对照品初步鉴定牛贝消核提取物的入血成分。结果: 通过牛贝消核提取物和各药材标准品重叠色谱图中可以看出,牛贝消核提取物保留时间为7.1min处的色谱峰所对应的物质来源于桔梗,保留时间为13.5min、15.5min、21.2min处的色谱峰所对应的物质来源于白及,保留时间为16.3min的色谱峰所对应的物质来源于牛蒡子,并进一步鉴定为牛蒡苷化合物。牛贝消核提取物和牛蒡苷给药后血清样本与空白血清比较,均在17.5~22.5min发现有吸收峰。结论: HPLC分析可作为牛贝消核中桔梗、白及、鱼腥草和牛蒡子提取的质量控制方法,检出的牛贝消核提取物血中移行成分可能是牛蒡苷代谢产物,其余药效成分入血微量未检出。     

我院中成药应用分析

目的：评价本院中成药应用的现状和发展中存在的问题。方法对本院门诊所使用的中成药的金额、数量、种类进行统计分析。结果本院门诊应用的中成药占药品使用的比例很大,以清热类药居多(48.9%),其次为活血化瘀类(24.5%)和止血类(11.0%)。总体使用规范,但仍存在一些不合理现象。结论提高中成药疗效,规范合理使用中成药需全院全社会共同努力。