The characteristics of suicide attempters admitted to the main general hospital in Fiji Islands

Objective: To study the characteristics of suicide attempters attending the main general hospital in Fiji Islands. Method: Consecutive suicide attempters were clinically evaluated, and their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were compared with those of other patients seen in the psychiatric service between January 15, 1999 and January 14, 2000. Results: Thirty-nine suicide attempters were seen, representing 36.8% of all the cases referred to the psychiatric service. The prevalence of attempted suicide in the Greater Suva Area was 34.8 per 100,000. Majority (56.4%) were young (16–25 years), Indians (59%), female (61.5%), students (41%), never married (74.4%) and of Hindi faith (48.7%). The commonly used methods were ingestion of drugs and pesticides. The intention to die was present in 20 (51.3%) of the population. Social problems and/or psychiatric comorbidity were present in over 60% of cases. Suicide attempters were significantly younger, more of single persons (P<.0001), and fewer were in employment (P<.001) than nonsuicidal cases seen. The difference was not significant when the two groups were compared regarding gender, race or religion. Conclusions: Young people attempt suicide in disturbed psychosocial milieu, using available poisoning methods with strong desire to die. Apparently, high proportion of female Indians in this group reflects high rate of service utilization by them. Unemployment is an insignificant predisposing factor.     

心电波形惟一性探讨

目的研究不同个体之间心电信号的惟一性特征。方法随机挑选100份同步12导联心电图进行描述分析,对比相同点及不同点,将每份心电图的波形特征逐一输入Excel电子表格,按照波形特征顺序进行排序。结果Ⅰ导联共有25例4组重复。在这些重复的病例中:Ⅱ导联共有25例7组重复,Ⅲ导联共有24例8组重复,avR导联共有20例6组重复,avL导联共有3例1组重复,avF导联共有3例1组重复,100例中无任何两例心电波形在12个导联上完全相同。结论心电信号具有生物特征的惟一性,可作为一种新的生物特征识别方法用于身份识别。     

青岛市1990～2003年成人麻疹病例流行病学特征分析

青岛市 1990～ 2 0 0 3年共报告成人麻疹 2 30例 ,年平均报告发病率为 0 30 /10万 ( 0～ 1 17/10万 )。 1997年以前 ,成人麻疹呈散发 ,而 1998年以后发病明显增加 ,1998～ 2 0 0 3年年平均报告发病率为 0 6 0 /10万 ( 0 13/10万～1 17/10万 ) ,与 1990～ 1997年的年平均报告发病率 0 0 7/10万相比 ,上升了 7 5 7倍。发病高峰在每年的 3～ 5月。 71 31%的病例为 18～ 2 4岁 ,196 9年及以后出生人群的发病危险是 196 9年以前出生人群的 19 83倍。外来人口病例占总病例的 4 8 2 6 % ,外资和民营企业的工人 (占 4 4 35 % )、大学生 ( 14 78% )、农民 ( 11 74 % )等是成人麻疹发病的重点人群。外来人口发病是青岛市成人麻疹报告发病率升高的主要因素 ,无麻疹疫苗免疫史、免疫失败是导致成人麻疹发病增高的关键原因。     

Experienced Health,Life Satisfaction,Sense of Coherence,and Coping Resources in Individuals Living with Heart Failure

The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between experienced health, sense of coherence, coping resources, and life satisfaction in individuals living with heart failure. Twenty-two patients--12 men and 10 women--were included in the study. All subjects were admitted to a eight-week programme of aerobic training. Four questionnaires were used: the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MHLF), the Sense of Coherence scale (SOC), the Coping Resources Inventory (CRI), and the Life Satisfaction Checklist of Fugl-Meyer et al. After the exercise programme the mean score of MLHF was significantly lower as compared with the start of the programme. The majority of the individuals reported that they were satisfied with life as a whole, family life, partnership relation contact with friends, and their psychological state of health. Only one-third were satisfied with their sexual life. A high sense of coherence and coping resources characterized the subjects. There was a slight tendency for those who reported satisfaction with life as whole to report a stronger sense of coherence, a higher degree of coping resources, and a lower degree of symptoms of heart failure. A conclusion was that clinicians should emphasize that patients can continue to remain active and enjoy a reasonable quality of life.     

护士职业延迟满足的特征研究

目的了解护士职业延迟满足的现状,探讨护士职业延迟满足能力的影响因素,为护理管理提供科学有效的管理依据。方法用国内通用职业延迟满足量表对225名综合医院在职护士进行调查,采用SPSS并进行差异性的相关分析。结果护士的年龄和护龄的职业延迟满足过程存在显著性差异(F=3.08,3.93;P<0.05),且随着年龄和护龄的增加而递减;受教育程度高低的职业延迟特质有显著性差异(F=2.93,P<0.05),且受教育程度越高,职业延迟特质就越高;婚否的延迟满足总分也存在显著性差异(t=-2.6,P<0.05),而独身子女和户口性质对职业延迟总分没有统计学影响(t=-0.54,-0.08;P>0.05)。结论①随着年龄的增大、工作年限的延长,护士的延迟满足能力会降低;②低学历护士的延迟满足能力比高学历的低,应给予更多的关注;③未婚护士的职业延迟满足能力优于已婚护士。     

急诊科重症患者医院感染的病原学研究

目的探讨急诊科重症患者医院感染的病原学特点,为防治急诊科重症患者医院感染提供指导。方法以2015年1月10日～2017年12月23日我院500例急诊科重症患者为观察对象,对500例急诊科重症患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,研究急诊科重症患者医院感染的病原学特点。结果 56例患者发生院内感染,以呼吸道感染、泌尿道感染、血液感染、腹腔感染、胸腔感染、手术切口感染较常见,导致感染的主要危险因素为使用呼吸机;共分离出201株病原菌,以革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性球菌、真菌、支原体较常见,所占比分别为60.20%、21.39%、9.95%、8.46%,且革兰阴性菌的所占比相比其他病原菌明显更高(P0.05);病原菌总体排名前五位分别为铜绿假单胞菌(22.39%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(13.43%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(11.94%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(10.45%)、大肠埃希菌(6.47%)。革兰阴性菌多对氨曲南、亚胺培南、环丙沙星、头孢曲松、左氧氟沙星、丁胺卡那的耐药性较高,革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素、替考拉宁无耐药性,但对环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、克林霉素、青霉素、红霉素的耐药性较强。结论急诊科重症患者医院感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,耐药性较普遍,为保证抗感染效果,应结合患者的药敏试验结果合理为其选择对应抗菌药物。     

急诊COPD死亡患者生物学特征分析

目的 探讨急诊COPD死亡患者的基本生物学特征,为COPD的急诊处理提供决策参考.方法 收集我院2009-2012年急诊诊治后死亡的COPD患者,对其性别、年龄、病程、住院时间、死亡时间和合并症等基础性生物学特征进行统计分析.结果 4年间共有101例COPD患者先后经急诊留观或收入住院治疗最终死亡,男80例,女21例;全部患者均有其他合并症,其中呼吸衰竭、肺源性心脏病和肺炎是最常见的3种合并症;81例伴有呼吸衰竭;平均年龄（78.98±8.68）岁;从确定诊断到至死亡的平均病程（13.42±9.27）年,平均住院天数（15.86±19.24）天;5月是死亡的高发月份;12：00～14：00是死亡的易发时间段.结论 急诊诊治的COPD死亡患者有一定的特征性规律,加强对高危因素或好发时段的监护和处置,对延长患者寿命可能有一定帮助.     

全国部分医学图书情报硕士研究生选题特征现状归纳

图书情报人才培养一直是图书馆工作中的重点内容,本文回顾了2004年以来全国部分医学图书情报硕士研究生选题,以选题特征为切入点,深入分析归纳了选题的特征、对象以及方法,总结了医学图情人才队伍培养面临的问题及发展趋势,为后续进一步研究医学图情硕士生培养提供参考依据。