雾化吸入鱼腥草注射液加生脉注射液治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作42例观察

目的观察雾化吸入鱼腥草注射液配合生脉注射液治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作期的效果。方法治疗组在常规抗感染等措施基础上用鱼腥草注射液雾化吸入配合生脉注射液静滴治疗42例,并设对照组用常规抗感染等措施治疗42例。结果治疗组总有效率为95.2%,对照组总有效率为75.0%,两组疗效比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),治疗组优于对照组。两组氧分压、二氧化碳分压、T淋巴细胞亚群变化疗效比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),治疗组优于对照组。结论鱼腥草注射液雾化吸入配合生脉注射液治疗慢性阻塞性肺病急性发作期患者,可以有效改善症状,缩短病程。     

清肺饮合剂治疗60例急性支气管炎

[目的]观察清肺饮合剂治疗急性支气管炎的疗效。[方法]采用自制中药清肺饮合剂治疗急性支气管炎60例。[结果]经治疗5天后,治愈38例,好转20例,无效2例,总有效率96·7%。[结论]清肺饮合剂治疗急性支气管炎有满意疗效。     

莫西沙星治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的前瞻性研究

目的:研究莫西沙星对慢性支气管炎急性发作(AECB)的疗效.方法:对AECB患者随机分成二组,一组口服莫西沙星400mg,gd×6d,另一组口服克拉霉素500mg,bid×6d,观察临床疗效和细菌清除状况以及不良反应.结果:莫西沙星治疗组和克拉霉素治疗组病人的临床总有效率分别为93.1%和87.9%,差异无显著性(P＞0.05);支气管周围炎症吸收率分别为84.7%和71.2%,差异有显著性(P＜0.05);痰中致病菌清除率分别为88.9%和72.1%,差异有显著性(P＜0.05);不良反应发生率分别为1.4%和13.6%,差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论:在治疗AECB时,莫西沙星与克拉霉素比较,两者的临床疗效基本相似,但其支气管周围炎症吸收状况前者优于后者,痰中致病菌清除率更高,更具依从性和耐受性.     

中西医结合治疗小儿喘息型支气管炎72例疗效观察

目的：探讨中西医结合治疗小儿喘息型支气管炎的临床疗效。方法：选取我院收治的72例喘息型支气管炎患儿，随机均分为对照组（传统西医治疗）和观察组（在对照组基础上加用定喘汤及支持调理治疗）。比较两组临床症状、体征消失时间、住院时间、治疗总有效率和不良反应发生率的差异。结果：观察组临床症状、体征消失时间和住院时间均显著短于对照组（P〈0.05）；观察组治疗总有效率显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）；两组患儿均无严重不良反应发生（P〈0.05）。结论：中西医结合治疗小儿喘息型支气管炎疗效确切。     

Incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection and their clarithromycin-resistant strains in otitis media with effusion regarding phenotypic and genotypic studies

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are pathogenic bacteria that infect a half of the human population, colonize gastric mucosa and can be found in gastric juice. Reflux of gastric juice has been suggested to be associated with glue ear in children. It has been suggested that tonsil and adenoid tissues are potential reservoirs of H. pylori infection. These observations raise the question as to whether H. pylori infection might have a role in otitis media with effusion (OME) in children. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the incidence and possible role of H. pylori in the pathogenesis of OME in children and to evaluate the clarithromycin-resistant strains. Molecular assessment was done to evaluate the culture results vs. molecular study. A total of 60 children, who were prone to ventilation tube insertion, adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy were included in the study. The control group consisted of 40 children who underwent adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy without the history of OME. Samples of the middle ear fluid and mucosa, adenoid tissue, tonsillar tissue and gastric lavage were cultured and underwent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis then were assembled by using QIAxcel System as capillary electrophoresis for H. pylori detection. There was significant difference between the results of cultures and PCR (P < 0.05). Middle ear fluid culture was positive for H. pylori in 40% of the patients vs. 56.7% PCR results while middle ear mucosa culture was positive in 20% vs. 26.7% PCR results. Gastric lavage culture was positive in 46.6% of the patients and PCR was positive in 63.3% of the patients. Adenoid culture and PCR were positive in 56.3% for each, while tonsil culture was positive in 70% and PCR was positive in 90%. H. pylori presence in the gastric lavage, the tonsillar and adenoid tissues by culture and PCR was significantly more frequent in the study group compared to the control group. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of clarithromycin-resistant isolates ranged from 1.5 to 8 μg/ml. This study showed the presence of H. pylori in around 50% of the patients with OME. PCR revealed its sensitivity than culture techniques. The incidence of clarithromycin resistance was found to be high among the isolates (39.6%).     

Assessment of Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine efficacy in a co-infection challenge model with QX-like infectious bronchitis virus

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is the primary cause of chronic respiratory disease in poultry. We investigated the protective efficacy of the live-attenuated ts-11 and 6/85 MG vaccines against a local MG strain and, in order to enhance signs and mimic a typical field situation, we co-infected birds with a virulent strain of QX-like infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Both vaccines showed similar ability to protect infected chickens from clinical signs, although ts-11 performed slightly better. Despite the lower protection against clinical disease, 6/85-vaccinated birds had significantly (P?≤?0.05) lower tracheal lesion scores and mucosal thickness at day 28 post-vaccination (7 days post-challenge [dpc] with MG, 2 dpc IBV) and day 31 post-vaccination (10 dpc MG challenge, 5 dpc IBV) compared to ts-11 vaccinated birds, but these difference was not significant at day 33 (12 dpc MG, 7 dpc IBV). Pathogen infection and replication was assessed by qPCR, and the 6/85 vaccine produced a more significant (P?≤?0.05) reduction in MG replication in the lungs, kidneys and livers but enhanced late replication in bursae and caecal tonsils. In contrast, the ts-11 vaccine had a more pronounced reductive effect on replication in tracheas, air sacs, bursae and heart at days 28 and 31, yet increased replication in lungs. Interestingly, both vaccines provided non-specific protection against IBV challenge. The co-challenge model provided useful data on vaccine efficacy, especially on days 31 and 33, and tracheas, lungs, air sacs, kidneys, liver and caecal tonsils were the best organs to assess.     

Detection of the Unstable Hb Köln (HBB: c.295G>A) by a Capillary Electrophoresis Method

Hb Köln (HBB: c.295G>A) is an unstable β-globin gene variant with a GTG>ATG substitution at codon 98. This variant is quite frequent in Europe and the USA but rare in China. It can easily be misdiagnosed as Hb Constant Spring (Hb CS; HBA2: c.427T>C) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), but detection and quantification of both Hb Köln and degraded Hb Köln by capillary electrophoresis (CE) are possible. Thus, we concluded that CE was the preferred method for Hb Köln detection.     

“肺病及肠”动物模型建立的探索

目的:探索"肺病及肠"动物模型的最佳造模方案,为正式实验研究"肺病及肠"病理传变规律及机制做好模型复制的准备工作。方法:采用单纯烟熏法建立大鼠慢性支气管炎模型,将60只大鼠随机分成空白对照和模型组,观察两组大鼠体重和组织形态学变化。结果:模型组大鼠体重与正常对照组体重比较有差异(P0.05),模型组大鼠肺组织炎症发生率较空白对照组比较有差异(P0.05),模型组大鼠结肠组织炎症发生率较空白对照组比较有差异(P0.05)。结论:在大鼠慢性支气管炎模型的基础上出现了慢性炎症性肠炎的表现。     

Perfusion and vascular permeability: Basic concepts and measurement in DCE-CT and DCE-MRI

The microvascular network formed by the capillaries supplies the tissues and permits their function. It provides a considerable surface area for exchanges between blood and tissues. All pathological conditions cause changes in the microcirculation. These changes can be used as imaging biomarkers for the diagnosis of lesions and optimisation of treatment. Among the many imaging techniques developed to study the microcirculation, the analysis of the tissue kinetics of intravenously injected contrast agents is the most widely used, either as positive enhancement for CT, T1-weighted MRI and ultrasound – dynamic contrast-enhanced-imaging (DCE-imaging) – or negative enhancement in T2*-weighted brain MRI – dynamic susceptibility contrast-MRI (DSC-MRI) –. Acquisition involves an injection of contrast agent during the acquisition of a dynamic series of images on a zone of interest. These kinetics may be analyzed visually, to define qualitative criteria, or with software using mathematical modelling, to extract quantitative physiological parameters. The results depend on the acquisition conditions (type of imaging device, imaging mode, frequency and total duration of acquisition), the type of contrast agent, the data pre-processing (motion correction, conversion of the signal into concentration) and the data analysis method. Because of these multiple choices it is necessary to understand the physiological processes involved and understand the advantages and limits of each strategy.