Studies on SSTR2 mRNA expression and its correlation to steroid receptors in human benign and malignant breast lesions

Objective:This sudy was designed to observe somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) Mrna expression, and investigate the correlations between SSTR2 Mrna expression and steroid receptors in benign and malignant lesions of the breast. Methods: A total of 23 breast carcinomas,16 mammary hyperplasia and 9 mammary adenofibroma samples were analysed. The SSTR2 Mrna expression was examined by in situ hybridization using multiphase oligoprobes.The ER and PR were detected by immunohistochemical staining. A computerized image analysis system was utilized to estimate the relative contents of SSTR2 Mrna. Results: The positive rates of expression (87.0%) and relative contents (0.47) of SSTR2 Mrna in breast cancer were higher than those in benign breast lesions(64%,0.26) respectively( P＜0.05). SSTR2 Mrna expression was closely correlated with ER and PR in breast cancer( P＜0. 05), A positive correlation between SSTR2 Mrna expression and ER was also found in benign breast lesions. Conclusions: SSTR2 Mrna expressed both in benign and in malignant breast lesions, but higher in malignant than in benign ones. There was a significant positive correlation of SSTR2 Mrna expression with ER or PR. The results suggest that conbined treatment with an antiestrogen and a somatostatin analogue for ER-positive breast cancer is feasible.     

Epidemiological study of myasthenia gravis in Sardinia, Italy (1958–1986)

From 1.1.1958 to 31.12.1986, 110 cases of MG were observed in Sardinia, with a mean annual incidence of 2.5 x 1,000,000 inhabitants and prevalence rates of 7.5, 17.6, 31.4 and 45.0 x 1,000,000 inhabitants respectively (prevalence days: 15.10.1961, 24.10.1971, 25.10.1981 and 31.12.1986). The disease was found to be more frequent in women. There were no differences in the distribution of MG in various areas of the island. The muscle group more frequently involved at onset was the ocular. In 6.4% of patients an association with thyroid disorders was observed. The mortality of MG patients was significantly higher than expected. Removal of the thymus, carried out in 58 patients, was shown to be useful in the treatment of the disease, particularly in patients without thymomas. No familial cases were observed.     

871例干部体检的X线胸片分析

871例干部体检的X线胸片分析结果表明:正常者254例,正常率仅29.2％,且随年龄的增长而降低。主要病变有慢性支气管炎、主动脉增宽与迂曲,而且还发现了3例肺癌,说明胸部平片检查在体检中仍具有重要的意义。     

Is the grading of breast carcinomas affected by a delay in fixation?

Summary The effect of delay in fixation on the modified Bloom and Richardson grade of eight breast carcinomas was investigated. Topologically shuffled samples of each tumour were immersed in fixative at times of 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 18 and 24 h after surgical removal. The grade of each tumour was assessed at delays of 0.5 and 6 h. The tubule formation and nuclear pleomorphism components of the grade showed no change with a delay in fixation of 6 h. The number of mitotic figures declined by a mean of 53% over the same period and this resulted in a decrease in the histological grade of one of the tumours. The implications of these findings for the handling of breast specimens in a diagnostic histopathological laboratory are discussed.Some of these data were presented at the 162nd meeting of the Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland at Cambridge, 3 January 1991. Published as an abstract in J Pathol (1991) 163:154A     

慢性肝病和肝癌中HCV核心区三种寡肽抗原的抗体检测

检测１４８例慢性肝病和肝癌患者血清中丙型肝炎病毒核心区３种寡肽抗原的抗体，结果显示其阳性率在慢性迁延型肝炎、慢性活动型肝炎、肝炎肝硬化和原发性肝癌患者分别为７．７％，２３．１％，，２３．５％和１６．３％。在抗体阳性者中８０％以上有乙型肝炎病毒感染证据，提示我国ＨＢＶ和ＨＶＣ重叠感染较为常见。     

Breast Volume Measurement in Young Chinese Women and Clinical Applications

The authors carried out research on breast volume and body surface anatomy of 125 women. As a result, an average breast volume for Chinese women was obtained (325.36 ± 12.66 ml), and a table with several linear equations for calculating breast volume was derived. The authors applied these results to their clinical work and succeeded in making mammaplasty more precise in 178 patients.     

Intracapsular implant rupture: MR findings of incomplete shell collapse

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and significance of the MR findings of incomplete shell collapse for detecting implant rupture in a series of surgically removed breast prostheses. MR images of 86 breast implants in 44 patients were studied retrospectively and correlated with surgical findings at explanation. MR findings included (a) complete shell collapse (linguine sign), 21 implants; (b) incomplete shell collapse (subcapsular line sign, teardrop sign, and keyhole sign), 33 implants; (c) radial folds, 31 implants; and (d) normal, 1 implant. The subcapsular line sign was seen in 26 implants, the teardrop sign was seen in 27 implants, and the keyhole sign was seen in 23 implants. At surgery, 48 implants were found to be ruptured and 38 were intact. The MR findings of ruptured implants showed signs of incomplete collapse in 52% (n = 25), linguine sign in 44% (n = 21), and radial folds in 4% (n = 2). The linguine sign perfectly predicted implant rupture, but sensitivity was low. Findings of incomplete shell collapse improved sensitivity and negative predictive values, and the subcapsular line sign produced a significant incremental increase in predictive ability. MRI signs of incomplete shell collapse were more common than the linguine sign in ruptured implants and are significant contributors to the high sensitivity and negative predictive values of MRI for evaluating implant integrity.     

Fine-needle cytology of an eccrine spiradenoma of the breast: diagnosis made by a holistic approach.

Eccrine spiradenoma is a rather rare adnexal tumor of the skin. When the clinical presentation is that of a breast neoplasm, diagnosis can be difficult. As cytology was a new procedure for this tumor, the approach of choice appeared to be a holistic one. The cytologic picture showed bland groups of uniformly sized cuboid cells with scant cytoplasm, round to ovoid nuclei, and inconspicuous nucleoli, while in the groups rosettelike structures could be discerned. Only by integrating the data of clinical history, inspection, palpation, reaction on breast puncture, and immunologic findings could the diagnosis be made.     

被动吸烟与婴幼儿呼吸系统疾病及生长发育关系的研究

目的 探讨被动吸烟对婴幼儿乎吸系统疾病发病及对生长发育的影响。方法 将我院保健科负责保健的0～3岁的婴幼儿400名，以家长是否吸烟分为被动吸烟组和对照组，每组200名，定期询问患病史，同时翻身高、体重对其进行评价，追踪观察，经统计学处理后进行分析。结果 婴幼儿乎吸系统疾病的发病与被动吸烟密切相关，被动吸烟影响婴幼儿的生长发育，与国内外的相关报道基本一致。结论 被动吸烟对婴幼儿健康速成严重损害，如不加以保护，有演变为严重社会问题的危险。