食管癌和贲门癌术后吻合口狭窄的扩张治疗

安阳市肿瘤医院自1991年起，在光导纤维内窥镜引导下，应用沙氏扩张器为3263例门诊病人进行了3756次扩张。有效率99．54％，一次成功率91．9％，未出现任何并发症。操作关键是寻找、确认狭窄的吻合口，切忌盲目插入引导钢丝进行扩张。     

Balloon Dilatation of the Pulmonary Valve in a Patient with Pulmonary Atresia and Intact Ventricular Septum Using a Commercially Available Radiofrequency Catheter

Using a commercially available 5F deflectable radiofrequency catheter, we have succeeded in percutaneous valvotomy of an imperforate pulmonary valve and consecutive balloon dilatation in a baby with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum. After the procedure, right ventricular systolic pressure fell from 125 mmHg to 65 mmHg, and right ventriculography demonstrated anterograde blood flow into the pulmonary arteries. There were no major complications. Doppler echocardiography at 1 year after the procedure demonstrated a pressure gradient across the pulmonary valve of 20 mmHg with mild pulmonary and tricuspid regurgitations.     

Stepwise interventional approach in a neonate with pulmonary valve atresia and intact ventricular septum

In neonates with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum the aims of therapy are maintenance of pulmonary blood flow and right ventricular decompression in order to achieve right ventricular support of the pulmonary circulation. Recent developments in interventional heart catheterization with pulmonary radiofrequency-assisted balloon valvuloplasty and ductal stent implantation offer an alternative to the classical surgical approach. We report on a neonate with membranous pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum, in whom a large interatrial right-to-left shunt via the foramen ovale persisted after radiofrequency-assisted pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty on the 2nd day of life. The interatrial shunt prevented adequate right ventricular filling and antegrade pulmonary perfusion leading to severe cyanosis (transcutaneous oxygen saturation 40%). In order to increase pulmonary blood flow and raise left atrial pressure, the arterial duct was stented. After ductal stenting, prostaglandin was discontinued and the transcutaneous oxygen saturation remained stable around 89%. At follow up after 7 weeks the foramen ovale had decreased in size and only a small left-to-right shunt was present, documenting the effectiveness of this approach. Conclusion Based on the present case we propose a stepwise interventional approach for the neonate with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum. If cyanosis persists after isolated pulmonary valvuloplasty despite adequate right ventricular function, ductal stent implantation can reduce interatrial shunting and thus improve oxygen saturation. Received: 12 January 1998 / Accepted: 15 February 1998     

内镜介入治疗晚期梗阻性食道癌

 晚期梗阻性食道癌患者23例,其中7例为晚期转移不能手术者,16例手术后复发,放疗后又复发者.22例均首先采用扩张术,7例不能手术者中2例患食道支气管瘘,其中1例放支架后采用放疗,另1例放支架后采用化疗,其余5例无食道支气管瘘者-律放支架解除梗阻后进行放疗,16例多次治疗复发者,除扩张外,分别采用微波、局部化疗及合并症出血治疗,止血成功率达67%以上,扩张后消化道梗阻解除率达100%.内镜局部化疗肿瘤缓解率90%以上达PR.     

宫颈开口监测仪器的研制

介绍一种新研制成功的宫颈开口监测仪器,该仪器是基于单片机系统的、全中文操作界面的、便携式仪器.从工程上解决了对产妇宫颈开口那样一种特殊环境下,特殊生理位置的实时监测问题.     

Intravascular ultrasound in interventional radiology

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging provides useful additional information to X-ray angiography in selected cases of balloon angioplasty and stent placement with complex vascular anatomy and unclear findings at angiography. It facilitates accurate measurements of the vessel dimensions and reveals the extent of the disease for the selection of proper angioplasty balloon size, as well as confirms full expansion and attachment of the stent or stent graft to the arterial wall. Intravascular US imaging contributes useful information for the basis of planning surgical or endovascular therapy of aortic dissection and is valuable for guiding percutaneous fenestration of the dissection flap. This imaging modality facilitates placement of vena cava filter without cavography and/or fluoroscopy in patients with contraindication for iodine contrast media and/or X-ray fluoroscopy. Technical development may further increase utility of IVUS imaging in interventional radiology. Received: 22 May 2000; Accepted: 7 June 2000     

兔颈动脉球囊损伤后内膜增生的实验研究

目的　制作兔颈动脉球囊损伤后再狭窄模型 ,观察兔颈动脉球囊损伤后内膜增生的动态变化 ,探讨再狭窄的可能机制。方法　健康雄性家兔 40只 ,随机分为正常对照组 ( 10只 ) ,实验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组 ,实验组行右颈总动脉血管成形术 ,并分别于术后第1、2和 4周处死实验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组 ,第 4周同时处死对照组兔。光镜下观察内膜损伤后形态学变化 ,并进行图像分析。结果　与对照组比 ,实验组内膜面积呈持续性显著增加 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1) ,管腔面积从第 2周开始呈持续性显著减少 (P <0 0 1)。结论　兔颈动脉球囊损伤能较好的模拟再狭窄形成过程 ,球囊损伤后内膜增生是管腔狭窄的主要因素     

双腔气囊小肠镜对小肠炎症性疾病相关狭窄的治疗

目的：探讨双腔气囊小肠镜的内镜下球囊扩张(endoscopic balloon dilation,EBD)和狭窄切开(endoscopic stricturotomy with needle knife,NKSt)对于小肠炎症性疾病相关狭窄治疗的安全性及有效性。方法：收集2015年7月至 2018年9月在中南大学湘雅三医院行双腔气囊小肠镜狭窄治疗的患者14例,病变部位16处,内镜下干预16次(EBD 11次 和NKSt 5次)。术后定期随访,观察患者的临床症状缓解和复发情况,以及是否能替代外科手术。结果：14例患者均 成功行内镜治疗,操作成功率100%,未发生穿孔、大出血等严重并发症。EBD和NKSt患者分别在随访5.9~35.3(中位 数26.1)个月及1.6~17.8(中位数8.3)个月内梗阻症状得到有效缓解,其中2例患者随访期间出现再次梗阻,予以保守对 症处理后缓解,未行外科手术干预。结论：小肠镜下治疗(EBD和NKSt)对小肠炎症性疾病狭窄安全有效,可以推迟 外科手术时间。     

Decision support for tendon tissue engineering

The aim of this study is to provide decision support with artificial intelligence for tendon tissue engineering strategies. The experimental data of tissue-engineered tendons were integrated and standardized with a centralized database, and a decision support system was developed using both artificial neural networks and decision trees. The decision support system was trained with existing cases in the database, and then was used to generate tissue engineering schemes for new experimental animals. Following the schemes generated by the artificial intelligent system, we cured 28 of the 30 experimental animals. In conclusion, artificial intelligence is a powerful method for decision support in the tendon tissue engineering realm.