马桑内酯所致癫痫发作大鼠红细胞免疫粘附功能的研究

作者用红细胞Ｃ＿３ｂ受体花环试验和红细胞免疫复合物花环试验对马桑内酯所致癫痫发作大鼠红细胞免疫粘附功能的变化进行了观察，结果表明，癫痫组动物红细胞Ｃ＿３ｂ受体花环率明显低于对照组，而红细胞免疫复合物花环率相差不显著．提示癫痫发作可导致大鼠红细胞免疫粘附功能降低，因此在癫痫治疗中注意调整和增强患者的红细胞免疫功能具有重要意义。     

山西省卫Ⅳ项目地区农民因病致贫研究

目的 研究项目地区农民因病致贫严重程度及预防措施。方法 利用扩展线性支出系统界定贫困标准，观察因病致贫率并研究因病致贫人群特点。结果 农民因病致贫率3．44％，因病致贫人群收入低，健康状况差，馒性病患病率高。2周就诊和年住院率高，年家庭医疗费用支出远高于对照人群。结论 通过住院医疗保险和慢性病防治措施缓解农民因病致贫。     

Demonstration of synergistic effects of hyperthermia and photodynamic therapy using the chick chorioallantoic membrane model.

The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model was used to study vascular effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and hyperthermia (HPT) and the synergism of these modalities. The CAM is a convenient medium for monitoring the modifications of the vasculature. It is possible to view the CAM and to examine structural changes of individual blood vessels in real time. Moreover, the CAM is a closed system which lends itself to mathematical modeling of the temporal and spatial temperature profile and in which HPT can be performed quantitatively and to a selected depth, using different lasers. A porphyrin-type photosensitizer solution was applied to areas of the CAM, defined by teflon O-rings placed on the surface. Uptake dynamics of the sensitizer into the CAM was determined by analyzing its fluorescence in vivo. The CAM area was irradiated with a dual-wavelength laser system composed of a dye laser at 644 nm (to induce PDT) and a CO2 laser at 10.6 microns (to bring about HPT). Damage to the CAM vasculature, due to combined PDT+HPT, was compared to the outcome of the separate modalities, and a synergistic effect of about 40% was observed.     

补体对免疫沉淀的抑制作用与小儿肾脏疾病的关系

以辣根过氧化物酶（PO）和抗-PO作为免疫沉淀中的抗原和抗体，用光电比色法，对78例小儿肾脏疾病血清补体对免疫沉淀的抑制作用（IIPC）进行了研究，并同时检测补体成分C3、C4。结果，正常对照IIPCOD值为0．505±0．085，急性肾小球肾炎（0．137±0．108）显著降低（P＜0．001）；慢性肾小球肾炎（0．470±0．053）改变不明显（P＞0．05）；肾病综合征（0．401±0．038）明显低下（P＜0．05）。IIPC低下的发生率依次为急性肾小球肾炎（83％）、肾病综合征（43％）、慢性肾小球肾炎（32％）。表明小儿肾小球疾病时IIPC大多降低并与疾病的活动性有关。因此认为IIPC低下在肾脏病的发生和发展中起一定作用。     

A study of factors governing fluid filtration in the diabetic foot

Abstract. The effect of lowering the foot on the factors governing fluid filtration in the foot were studied in 12 male insulin-dependent diabetic subjects and 10 controls. Toe skin blood flow, measured by laser Doppler flowmetry, was significantly higher during dependency in the diabetic group. In the control subjects, the colloid osmotic pressure of venous blood sampled from the foot rose to 47·7 mmHg (range 45·1–53·8) after 50 min of foot dependency. In the diabetic group, colloid osmotic pressure failed to rise to the same extent (median 36·7 mmHg; range 28·6–43·0; P < 0·001). Capillary pressure, measured directly by the Landis microinjection technique, was significantly higher in the diabetic group (85·3±1·7 ( n = 6) vs. 92·2±4·6 cm H₂O ( n = 6); P < 0·007), as was foot swelling rate determined by mercury strain gauge plethysmography (0·069±0·022 vs. 0·099±0·025 ml min^-1 100ml^-1; P < 0·02). These results suggest an impairment of the oedema-preventing mechanisms in diabetic subjects which may contribute to the risks of ulceration in the diabetic foot.     

Infusion clearance of subcutaneous iothalamate versus standard renal clearance

 Accurate, timed urine collections for the measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) may be impractical in infants or in patients with urological abnormalities. GFR may be measured without urine collection using a constant subcutaneous infusion of iothalamate. We compare the infusion clearance with conventional renal clearance in 14 children and young adults. The mean clearance ratio (infusion clearance/renal clearance ± 1 SD) was 0.99±0.1 and the mean discrepancy between the two methods was 8.5%±4.7%. The 95% limits of agreement for the ratio of the two methods are 0.83–1.23. These data indicate that subcutaneous infusion of iothalamate is a practical method for measuring GFR in children without a urine collection. Received March 18, 1996; received in revised form February 12, 1997; accepted March 26, 1997     

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CLINICAL USE OF ANTIBIOTIC AND PRODUCTION OF ESBLS

Extended -spectrum β -lactamases(ESBLs)aremainlyproducedbymembersofthefamilyEnter obacteriaceaewhichcanhydrolyzeβ -lactamantibi oticsincludingthethird - generationcephalosporinandaztreonam ,theESBLs- producingbacillishowedmedian -highresistancetoceftazidimeandaztreonamparticularly[1] .NowadaystheprevalenceofESBLs -producingstrainshavebeenreportedinmanyareasaroundtheworld[2 ] .ButthereisfewinformationabouttherelationshipbetweentheuseofantibioticandtheproductionofESBLs .Weperformedastud…     

凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌检测在慢性前列腺炎中的意义

目的　研究慢性前列腺炎与凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌 (CNS)的关系 ,探讨前列腺液中CNS检测的临床意义。　方法　对 4 2 8例慢性前列腺炎患者采用Meares Stamey四段取样法作前列腺液细菌培养和药敏试验。患者年龄 18～ 4 6岁 ,平均 31岁。病程 3～ 32个月 ,平均 6个月。慢性前列腺炎症状指数 (NIH CPSI)平均 2 3.2分。　结果　 4 2 8例均行细菌培养 ,其中 2 4 8例 (5 7.94 % )分离出细菌。革兰阳性菌 195例 (78.6 3% ) ,其中葡萄球菌 16 0例 (6 4 .5 2 % ,16 0 / 2 4 8) ,CNS 89例 (35 .89% ,89/ 2 4 8) ;CNS中以表皮葡萄球菌为主者 81例 (32 .6 6 % ) ,其次为腐生葡萄球菌 3例和溶血性葡萄球菌 2例 ;NIH CPSI积分与细菌培养结果无明显相关。CNS对常用抗菌药物 (β 内酰胺类、喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类 )耐药率较高 (5 1.9%～ 10 0 % )。　结论　CNS为慢性前列腺炎的主要致病菌 ,应引起高度重视 ;适时监测前列腺液病原菌及药敏试验对临床诊断和治疗慢性前列腺炎具有重要意义。     

青黛颗粒抗炎、镇痛作用的实验研究

目的 :通过对青黛颗粒抗炎、镇痛作用的实验研究 ,探讨该药治疗溃疡性结肠炎的作用机理。方法 :采用小鼠醋酸扭体法、大鼠棉球肉芽肿法和角叉菜胶所致大鼠足肿胀方法。结果 :青黛颗粒给药高、中、低剂量组和阳性对照药组均明显降低小鼠扭体次数 (P<0 .0 5～P<0 .0 1)。对大鼠棉球肉芽肿和大鼠足肿胀有显著的抑制作用 (P <0 .0 1～P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :青黛颗粒分别对大鼠具有抗炎、对小鼠具有镇痛作用。且镇痛作用呈量效关系     

Dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system in type 1 patients with diabetic nephropathy.

BACKGROUND: Albuminuria and hypertension are predictors of poor renal and cardiovascular outcome in patients with diabetes. Approximately 30% of type 1 patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) have albuminuria >1 g/day, and blood pressure >135 and/or >85 mmHg despite antihypertensive therapy with recommended doses of ACE inhibitor (ACEI) and diuretics. We tested the effect of dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in these patients. METHODS: We performed a randomised double blind crossover trial with 2 months treatment with Irbesartan 300 mg o.d. and placebo added on top of previous antihypertensive treatment. We included 21 type 1 patients with DN responding insufficiently to ACEI and diuretics, as defined above. At the end of each treatment period, albuminuria, 24-h blood pressure and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured. RESULTS: Addition of 300 mg Irbesartan to the patients' usual antihypertensive therapy induced a mean reduction in albuminuria of 37% (95% CI 20-49, P<0.001); from 1574 mg/24 h (95% CI 1162-2132) to 996 mg/24 h (95% CI 699-1419), a reduction in 24-h blood pressure of 8 mmHg systolic (95% CI -2 to 18) and 5 mmHg diastolic (95% CI 1-9) (P=0.11 and 0.01, respectively) (from placebo, mean (SE) 146 (4)/80 (2) mmHg). GFR remained unchanged. Serum potassium increased (mean 4.3 to 4.6 mmol/l, P=0.02). Intervention to reduce serum potassium was needed in two patients with GFR <35 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Otherwise the dual blockade with Irbesartan was safe and well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: Dual blockade of the RAS may offer additional renal and cardiovascular protection in type 1 patients with DN responding insufficiently to conventional antihypertensive therapy, including recommended doses of ACEI and diuretics.